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Purpose: The research aims to understand the co-existence of nimbleness and resilience in a continuous digital transformation, along with the dynamic capabilities needed to balance the challenges of their co-existence. Methodology: The current study draws on Dialogical Action Design Research (D-ADR) to investigate interactions among practitioners and executives. Data is collected from a major Australian Financial Services Organisation (FSO) and many international experts. Findings: The study presents a framework, the Continuous Transformation Model (CTM), to describe digital transformation within an FSO context, emphasizing nimbleness and resilience as its foundational pillars. This framework facilitates the identification of the critical role of organisational capabilities in managing continuous digital transformation, supported by dynamic IT capabilities. More importantly, the findings underscore how these capabilities enable managers to effectively balance the coexistence of nimbleness and resilience. Research implications: The CTM contributes to the enterprise information systems literature by offering a coherent understanding of balancing resilience and nimbleness to succeed in digital transformation. In particular, the research model elucidates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and continuous digital transformations. Practical implications: Digital transformations are not a one-off exercise. Managers in the FSO context must cultivate their organisational capabilities to achieve nimbleness and resilience during their digital transformation journey. Originality: The relationship between dynamic capabilities and continuous digital transformation sheds light on establishing successful management processes within FSOs.

This Special Issue (SI) aims to provide organizations with a theoretical, conceptual, and applied grounded discussion of the Digital Literacy of Employees and organizational Transformation and Innovation to aid in innovative, sustainable development and effective decision-making. By doing so, our SI hopes to expand the technology management discipline in understanding the human side of technological innovations.

The second Accelerating NSW report, supported by Investment NSW, presents an analysis of CAISH-focused data from the 2023 Startup Muster survey of the Australian startup ecosystem. The new report contains quantitative analysis and targeted recommendations, building on the ecosystem mapping, literature review and insights from qualitative interviews in the first Accelerating NSW report.

Digital technologies have radically influenced the modern workplace, which is exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic making it possible to work from home or remotely. Furthermore, these changes have been assimilated, so it is now necessary and difficult to separate ourselves from the flexible working environment. This study examines the various engineering management courses offered by Australian institutions to compare the skillsets taught and those deemed significant by engineering managers. The goal is to determine this connection in the current digital age, where re-skilling, digital intelligence, and empathy are some of the themes identified in the literature review. The study is based on a review of 20 relevant research articles, interviews with ten Australian engineering and technical managers transitioning from engineering to managerial and team leadership roles, and an analysis of six Australian university curriculums. The findings highlight the importance of digital and emotional intelligence for managers. The study show that most of the skillsets offered by the Australian university curricula did not include key skills.

This report, supported by Investment NSW, shows the state of NSW’s ecosystem of coworking spaces, accelerators, incubators, and startup hubs and outlines how policymakers and partners in the innovation ecosystem can more robustly measure the impact of these entities on the wider economy.

Smart Technology is a quickly and constantly evolving concept; it has different applications that cover a wide range of areas, such as healthcare, education, business, agriculture, and manufacturing. An effective application of these technologies increases productivity and performance within complex systems. On one side, trends show a lack of appeal for rural environments as people prefer to move to cities, looking for better opportunities and lifestyles. On the other side, recent studies and reports show that the attractiveness of rural areas as places with opportunities is increasing. Sustainable solutions are needed to enhance development in the rural context, and technological innovation is expected to lead and support the stability for people and organizations in rural regions. While Smart City is progressively becoming a reality and a successful model for integrating Smart Technology into different aspects of everyday life, its effective application in a rural context according to a Sustainable Development approach is not yet completely defined. This study adopts comparative and categorial content analysis to address the different applications and the specific characteristics of rural regions, which often present significant peculiarities depending on the country and the context. The main goal is to investigate and discuss how the Smart City model may be adopted and effectively applied within rural contexts, looking at major gaps and challenges. Additionally, because of the complexity of the topic, we provide an overview of the current adoption of Smart Technology in the different applications in rural areas, including farming, education, business, healthcare, and governance. The study highlights the huge difficulties in rural life and the potentiality of Smart Technology to enhance their Sustainable Development, which is still challenging. While the holistic analysis clearly points out a gap, there is no specific strategic roadmap to re-use or adapt existing

By drawing on ecosystem and innovation-driven development theories, the aim of this paper is to increase our understanding of their application to think tanks. The composition, structure, and features of the knowledge service ecosystem of think tanks are conceptualized via a literature review. The model developed from this was validated by analyzing the data collected from 25 think tanks in the United States (US). The model constructed provides a reference for the sus-tainable and healthy development of knowledge services in think tanks and an innovation-driven development perspective for researchers interested in their innovation ecosystem dynamics. The intake of talent forms a necessary part of think tank construction, but, more importantly, this continuous intake is a crucial driving force for their sustainable development. This paper suggests that an increasing focus on talents in knowledge service ecosystems can lead to and assist in establishing innovative think tanks in many countries.

This research explores how the cloud’s technological capability helps small and medium enterprises (SMEs) adapt to challenging business environments, providing long-term sustainability and strategic agility. The article uses a theoretical and quantitative empirical approach, known as the positivist research paradigm, in offering a unique capability called dynamic cloud capability that leverages the cloud’s technological capabilities. Based on the quantitative analysis of 222 Australian Information and Communication Technology (ICT) SMEs, dynamic cloud capability favourably improves the flexible allocation of resources (resource fluidity) and the ability to adapt business models (strategic agility). Additionally, because of the successful mediating effect of resource fluidity, it is inferred that dynamic cloud capability allows for the flexible allocation of resources leading to improved strategic agility. Hence, adopting dynamic cloud capability in an organisation’s strategy would be particularly appealing to ICT SMEs as it has been verified to enhance adaptability to a challenging business environment and flexible allocation of resources.

Purpose This paper aims to understand technology-based accelerators’ legitimation efforts in an emerging entrepreneurship ecosystem. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on qualitative inductive methodology using ten Turkish technology-based accelerators. Findings Our analysis indicates that accelerators’ legitimation efforts are shaped around (i) crafting a distinctive identity and mobilizing allies around this identity and (ii) establishing new collaborations to enable collective action. Further, we observe two types of technology-based accelerators, namely “deal flow makers” and “welfare stimulators” in Turkey. These variations among accelerators affect how they build their legitimacy. Different types of accelerators make alliances with different actors in the entrepreneurship ecosystem. Accelerators take collective action to build a collective identity and simultaneously imply how they are distinguished from other organizations in the same category and the ones in the old category. Originality The study presents a framework to understand how accelerators employ strategies and actions to legitimize themselves as new organizations and advocate new norms, values, and routines in an emerging entrepreneurship ecosystem. The framework also highlights how different accelerators support legitimacy building by managing the judgments of diverse audiences and increasing the variety of resources these audiences provide to the ecosystem.

This article tackles the limited theorising on social enterprises’ (SEs) decisions on the product or service mix, quality, pricing, and the targeted beneficiaries by proposing a typology of competitive strategies for them. The paper empirically observes how SEs react to the challenges faced by the marketisation of their fields. The context of this study is the supplementary education of the disabled in Turkey, a field where increased state coverage led to the entrance of many profit-focused counterparts. Based on a Grounded Theory methodology and a longitudinal dataset including ten cases, the study developed a unique typology comprising three competitive strategies, i.e., innovator, enforcer, and includer. The findings illustrate various strategic responses to heightened competition from incumbent SEs. However, deviation of these strategic responses from the typology appeared to be detrimental in the long-term. By shedding light on the intricacies of the hybrid nature of SEs and considering changes in their competitive environment over time, this study concludes with a summary of contributions to theory, practice, and policy.

This paper maps the evolution of the Australian start-up and innovation ecosystem by exploring policy developments and mapping the key actors, activities, and artefacts. The study unpacks policy developments over the past two decades to show the government’s role in shaping the innovation ecosystem and the implications for start-ups. We outline the ecosystem’s key actors, including start-ups, scale-ups, support organisations, investors, research institutions, and their growth over time. We examine the artefacts of the ecosystem to understand start-up and innovation performance in a global context. We also explore the activities of the ecosystem in terms of collaboration, research, and development. The paper concludes with a discussion of policy gaps.

This paper aims to understand the definition and dimensions of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy. Digital technologies, including AI, trigger organizational affordances in workplaces, yet few studies have investigated employees’ AI literacy. This paper uses a bibliometrics analysis of 270 articles to explore the meaning of AI literacy of employees in the extant literature. Descriptive statistics, keyword co-occurrence analysis, and a hierarchical topic tree are employed to profile the research landscape and identify the core research themes and relevant papers related to AI literacy’s definition, dimensions, challenges, and future directions. Findings highlight four sets of capabilities associated with AI literacy, namely technology-related, work-related, human-machine-related, and learning-related capabilities, pointing also to the importance of operationalizing AI literacy for non AI professionals. This result contributes to the literature associated with technology management studies by offering a novel conceptualization of AI literacy and link it to the employee’s role in digital workplaces. We conclude by inviting researchers to examine the effect of employee-technology interactions on employees’ AI literacy, which might improve the design and use of AI.

Inspired by the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda Millennium Development Goals, this chapter is an exercise to understand how the technology management (TM) discipline could reduce gender inequality in technology industries. We conduct a literature review of the TM field in the top 10 journals and then present the studies examining women’s role in technology-based industries as managers or entrepreneurs. The findings underline how gender equality is almost a non-existing topic in TM. Hence, this chapter actively calls researchers in developing data and knowledge on gender equality issues for women in technology industries. By owning the problem, TM discipline could produce research that will lay the ground for strategies and policies related to women’s employment and leadership in technology industries.

Startup selection is an essential mechanism of how accelerators create value. Through in-depth case studies of ten accelerators in Turkey, our research explores the selection process in accelerators. Our findings indicate that accelerators overcome their context’s extreme uncertainty by involving various actors in the selection process and reducing the information asymmetries for investors and startups. Accelerators tend to select effortlessly coachable startups, willing to collaborate with accelerators, mentors, or other actors, and passionate enough to overcome the pressure of creating a business at a fast pace. Our research also exhibits that the selection process serves startups by directing and training them to transmit the right signals to receivers, primarily investors. Accelerators prefer to work with entrepreneurial teams that are coachable, passionate, and collaborative to vibrate the right signals. Similarly, the accelerators’ selection process helps investors by decreasing signaling noise and mitigate information asymmetry. By doing so, accelerators contribute to a well-functioning and more effective entrepreneurship ecosystem.

The purpose of this paper is to examine how public sector organizations become nimbler while retaining their resilience during digital transformation. The study adopts a hermeneutic approach in conducting deep expert interviews with 22 senior executives and managers of multiple organizations. The method blends theory and expert views to study digital transformation in the context of enterprise information management. Drawing on Fountain’s (2001) Technology Enactment Framework (TEF), this research poses that organizational form is critical in the enactment of technologies in digital transformation. By extending TEF, we claim that organizations are not in pure bureaucratic or network organizational form during digital transformation; instead, they need a hybrid combination in order to support competing strategic needs for nimbleness and resilience simultaneously. The four hybrid organizational forms presented in our model (4R) allow for networks and bureaucracy to co-exist, though at different levels depending on the level of resiliency and nimbleness required at each point in the continuous digital transformation journey. The main theoretical contribution of this research is to extend TEF to illustrate that the need for co-existence of nimbleness with stability in a digital transformation, results in a hybrid of networks and bureaucratic organization forms. This research aims to guide public sector organizations’ digital transformation with extended TEF as a tool for building the required organizational forms to influence the technology enactment to best meet their strategic needs in the digital era. The results from expert interviews point to the fact that the hybrid organizational forms create a multi-modal organization, extending our understanding of enterprise information management. Depending on the department or business needs a hybrid organizational form mode would be dominant. This dominance creates a paradox in organizations to handle both resilience and nim

The study aims to improve our understanding of the full-utilization of immigrant engineers by answering three research questions: (1) what are the economic and social costs of the under-utilization of immigrant engineers, (2) what factors determine immigrant engineers’ employment, and (3) what might be potential solutions to tackle with their under-utilization? We adopt the intersectionality theory to observe a rich set of social factors influential in immigrant engineers’ under-utilization by using 188 surveys and 14 interviews of immigrant engineers living in Australia. The paper concludes with the findings’ theoretical and policy implications, followed by suggestions for future studies.

Even though digital technologies such as cloud technologies are prevalent in transforming businesses, the role of employees and their digital skills in the process is, to a large extent, neglected. This study brings forward the novel concept of digital literacy to explore the role of employees in understanding the wide variety of opportunities of digital technologies and their actualization. By treating digital literacy as the antecedent of cognitive behavior of employees in utilizing cloud technology at companies, we apply the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) for analyzing preliminary empirical data collected from 124 Australian employees’ technology use intentionality and behavior. The quantitative analysis shows that the TPB holds for the utilization of cloud technology and there is a positive relationship between employees' digital literacy and the utilization of cloud technology at companies. Overall, the study contributes to the technology management literature by offering a workable construct to measure the digital skills of employees in the form of digital literacy. Further, it expands the TPB framework by introducing digital literacy as a perceived behavior control variable that helps to examine the role of employees in digital transformation. The paper ends with implications and limitations of our preliminary study, followed with suggestions for future studies.

The present study conducts a systematic literature review to explores the barriers faced by immigrant women entrepreneurs (WEs) in the technology sector and their responses to them. This systematic literature review explores the barriers faced by immigrant women entrepreneurs (WEs) in the technology sector and their strategic responses. Findings indicate immigrant status further escalates the human, financial, and network disadvantages faced by women who want to start a technology-based venture. This paper contributes to the literature by categorizing the barriers and strategies on a three by two matrix reflecting the origins of the barrier or strategy (taking place at the individual, firm, or institutional level) versus the type of the barrier or strategy (arising from being an immigrant woman and being a woman in the technology sector). After underlining the dearth of studies in the literature about the complex phenomenon of immigrant WEs in the technology sector, the paper points out several neglected themes for future research.

This paper examines how an organisational learning culture impacts organisational agility by developing a model based on dynamic capabilities. The model treats agility as a dynamic capability and explains how an organisational learning culture (OLC) triggers a chain reaction through its influence on organisational agility (OA) that ultimately results in company growth. This paper also investigates the role of big data capabilities in transferring learning outcomes into dynamic capabilities. The model is tested through data collected from a survey of 138 Australian companies. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is adopted to empirically demonstrate how agility fully mediates the impact of the learning culture on growth. In addition, this paper further sheds light on the moderating role of big data competencies on the effects of OLC on OA. After presenting the results with implications to theory and practice, the paper ends with suggestions for future studies.

In entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs), geographical and contextual factors play a big role in shaping the knowledge bases for digital innovation. While cities around the world compete to be perceived as successful “tech startup hubs”, proactive urban strategies are needed to create knowledge spillovers into EEs. This study explores the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) knowledge practices in the EEs of Berlin and Sydney by using knowledge-spillover theory of entrepreneurship. The study utilizes a bibliometric analysis of secondary data in combination with exploratory stakeholder interviews conducted for both cities. Findings underline the critical role of experimental knowledge in driving the momentum of the EEs and the supporting role of policies imprinting knowledge practices. The paper shows how the dynamics of EEs can be explored empirically and raises awareness of the role of specialised and integrated policies in determining a city’s overall success in building EEs.

Digital transformation (DT) is prevalent in businesses today. However, current studies to guide DT are mostly qualitative, resulting in a strong call for quantitative evidence of exactly what DT is and the capabilities needed to enable it successfully. With the aim of filling the gaps, this paper presents a novel bibliometric framework that unearths clues from scientific articles and patents. The framework incorporates the scientific evolutionary pathways and hierarchical topic tree to quantitatively identify the DT research topics’ evolutionary patterns and hierarchies at play in DT research. Our results include a comprehensive definition of DT from the perspective of bibliometrics and a systematic categorization of the capabilities required to enable DT, distilled from over 10,179 academic papers on DT. To further yield practical insights on technological capabilities, the paper also includes a case study of 9,454 patents focusing on one of the emerging technologies - artificial intelligence (AI). We summarized the outcomes with a four-level AI capabilities model. The paper ends with a discussion on its contributions: presenting a quantitative account of the DT research, introducing a process based understanding of DT, offering a list of major capabilities enabling DT, and drawing the attention of managers to be aware of capabilities needed when undertaking their DT journey.

New knowledge presents opportunities for commercial value and can hence be a critical asset for entrepreneurial ecosystems. In particular, general purpose technologies are major drivers of entrepreneurship, thus, a nuanced understanding on technological knowledge and its spillovers among actors within an entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) is warranted. Using knowledge-spillover-based strategic entrepreneurship theory, we propose to observe knowledge spillovers through the assessment of the knowledge bases of a technology in an EE. To do so, this paper proposes to use three key sources of knowledge: publications reflecting the emerging knowledge base, patents representing the realized knowledge base, and startups showing the experimental knowledge base. This paper uses secondary data sources such as Web of Science and applies the method of bibliometrics to illustrate how an assessment is carried out in practice by evaluating the artificial intelligence (AI) knowledge bases in Sydney from 2000 to 2018. The findings are summarized with an illustration of the evolution of the key actors and their activities over time in order to indicate the key strengths and weaknesses in Sydney’s AI knowledge among the different bases. Contrary to expectations from the high potential of knowledge spillovers from a general purpose digital technology such as AI, the paper shows that apparent knowledge spillovers are yet highly limited in Sydney. Even though Sydney has a strong emerging knowledge base, the realized knowledge base seems weak and the experimental knowledge base is slowly improving. That observation itself verifies the need to take strategic actions to facilitate knowledge spillovers within EEs. After the implications for theory and policy makers are discussed, suggestions for further studies are proposed.

Purpose Much of recent academic and professional interest in exploring digital transformation and enterprise systems has focused on the technology or the organizations’ external forces, leaving internal factors, in particular employees, overlooked. The purpose of this paper is to explore digital literacy of employees as an organizational affordance to capture contextual factors within which digital technologies are situated and are used. Design/methodology/approach We used the evidence-based practice for information systems approach and undertook a systematic literature review of 30 papers coupled with brainstorming with 11 professional experts on the neglected topic of digital literacy and its assessment. Findings This paper draws upon affordance theory and develops a novel framework for conceptualization of digital literacy of employees as an organizational affordance. We do this by distinguishing digital literacy at the individual level and organizational level, and by assessing digital literacy through Information/Cognitive and Social Practice/Articulation affordances. Research Implications The current paper contributes to the notion of organizational affordances by examining the effect of interactions between employee-technology through digital literacy of employees in using digital technologies. We offer a novel conceptualization of digital literacy to improve understanding of the role of employee in digital transformation and utilization of enterprise systems. Thus, our definition of digital literacy offers an extension to the recent discussions in the IS literature regarding the actualization of affordances by bringing a lens of employees into the process. Practical Implications This paper operationalizes digital literacy at organizational and individual levels and offers managers a high-level tool to assess digital literacy of their employees. By doing so, managers can achieve the fit between employees' capabilities and digital technologies that wi

This paper explores the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and performance by developing a comprehensive theoretical model based on Schumpeterian understanding of entrepreneurship supported with the Theory of Planned Behavior from social psychology. The model shows how organizational culture (value) triggers a chain effect through its influence on entrepreneurial orientation (attitude) and managerial support (intentions) that ultimately generate impact on corporate entrepreneurship (behavior). We test our model in an emerging economy context and present our results with implications to theory and practice.

The present study focuses on students who have conceptualised the business idea during their academic studies and created the business venture during or within two years after graduation. The extant literature identifies social networks as a key factor not only for opportunity recognition but also for start-up survival. This study expands the knowledge about the roles of personal networks within the context of student entrepreneurs. By conducting focus group, interviews, and a survey at a top-ranked technological institute of higher learning in India, the current study analysed the role played by the personal networks in facilitating and enabling the creation of a venture by student entrepreneurs. Our study shows (1) student entrepreneurs' expectations from their personal networks are grouped under 10 topics, (2) the hierarchy of these roles indicates the triggering impact of business networking with a final outcome of motivational support, and (3) the degree which these expectations are realised show that business networking, venture financing and the founding team formation are the most important roles in the actual start-up phase. The present empirical study is an earliest attempt to address the gap in the entrepreneurship literature pertaining to analysing student entrepreneurs’ perspectives on the role of personal networks during start-up. With theoretical and practical implications, this study tries to enrich the entrepreneurship literature.

This handbook addresses the intersection between corporate sustainability and digital transformation. It analyzes the challenges and transformations required to be able to have sustainable businesses with a future orientation.

The objective of this chapter is to draw attention to the relationship between STEM education and women’s enterprenurship in technology enterprises. By using Australia as a case study, our explorative analysis of secondary data shows how Australia has relatively improved, with gains in the level of women’s involvement in STEM education, while it still has to overcome a chasm for women then proceeding from being a STEM alumni into actually becoming an enterpreneur in technology startups. We specifically point out an institutional intervention in STEM education, the Science in Australia Gender Equity (SAGE) initiative. The chapter concludes with a discussion and suggestions for further studies.