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With the growth of Information and Communication Technology, data sharing plays a pivotal role in all parts of the Internet. A major issue that needs to be tackled urgently is to protect the ownership of data during the sharing process. Digital watermarking technology is a major solution to ownership protection. Many reversible watermarking approaches are proposed to achieve the function of ownership protection, but most methods can only resist malicious attacks to a certain extent and can not regenerate the complete watermarks in case part of watermarks are destroyed. In this paper, a robust and reversible watermarking technique (RRWEC) applied in relational database has been proposed, which utilizes the Erasure Codes Technique and watermarking in groups. The watermarks embedded into data come from meaningful characters of identification information of a database owner. The grouping method based on clustering, without dependent primary keys, is utilized to group the data, which can resist attacks on the data structure. The erasure code technique is devised to regenerate the complete watermarking information when some sub-watermarks embedded into data are maliciously modified or removed. The results of experiments verify the effectiveness and robustness of RRWEC against malicious attacks, such as data structure attack, subset addition attack, subset alteration and deletion attack, and show that when half of the watermarks are destroyed, the watermark regeneration algorithm can still recover the complete watermarking information.

With rapid information development, data sharing becomes a crucial part in the Internet. In the process of sharing, data ownership protection and data traceability are two key issues that need to be solved urgently. To address these problem, digital watermarking technology can be a solution. Digital watermarking is used to guard the rights of owners of digital products. Many robust and reversible watermarking techniques are proposed recently to ensure the rights and recover original data set. But most methods require primary keys of the data as a required parameter, resulting in original data not recovered and partial data not traceable against data structure attack. In this paper, a cluster-based robust and reversible watermarking (RRWC) technique for relational data has been proposed that provides a solution to two major function: ownership rights protection and partial data traceability. The unsupervised classification algorithm is used to group dataset, where the primary key of the data will not be used and the watermarks can be embedded with low distortion and high capacity. RRWC addresses malicious attacks, such as subset insertion attack, deletion attack, alteration attack and data structure attack. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of RRWC against attacks.