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Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Diagnostic criteria for CAD cases and non-CAD controls in participating study cohorts. Supplementary Table 2. Work performed at each study site. Supplementary Table 3. Meta-analysis results of the association of APOC3 common variant rs5128 with plasma TG and the risk for CAD. Supplementary Figure 1. Detection of rare variants in APOC3 gene region by targeted sequencing in Sikhs from AIDHS/SDS (Discovery). Dots in the graph represent variant (SNV). Figures on the x-axis denote the number of variants (SNVs), and the y-axis represents the corresponding mean plasma TG (mg/dL), and a cut-off of 100 mg/dL was used to define low or normal plasma TG levels. Of a total 201 rare variants or SNVs (MAF

Background: Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS), a major cause of disability, was previously associated with multiple metabolomic changes, but many findings were contradictory. Case-control and longitudinal study designs could have played a role in that. To clarify metabolomic changes, we performed a simultaneous comparison of ischemic stroke metabolome in acute, chronic stages of stroke and controls., Methods: Through the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) platform, we evaluated 271 serum metabolites from a cohort of 297 AIS patients in acute and chronic stages and 159 controls. We used Sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) to evaluate group disparity; multivariate regression to compare metabolome in acute, chronic stages of stroke and controls; and mixed regression to compare metabolome acute and chronic stages of stroke. We applied false discovery rate (FDR) to our calculations., Results: The sPLS-DA revealed separation of the metabolome in acute, chronic stages of stroke and controls. Regression analysis identified 38 altered metabolites. Ketone bodies, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), energy, and inflammatory compounds were elevated in the acute stage, but declined in the chronic stage, often to the same levels as in controls. Levels of other amino acids, phosphatidylcholines, phosphoglycerides, and sphingomyelins mainly did not change between acute and chronic stages, but was different comparing to controls., Conclusion: Our pilot study identified metabolites associated with acute stage of ischemic stroke and those that are altered in stroke patients comparing to controls regardless of stroke acuity. Future investigation in a larger independent cohort is needed to validate these findings., Competing Interests: Disclosures: The authors have nothing to disclose