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Penelitian membahas tentang pengaruh Pendidikan Manajemen Posyandu Berbasis E-Kalender Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Keterampilan Agen PDPGR Di Posyandu Keluarga di Kecamatan Sekongkang Tujuan penelitian ini terdiri atas, 1) untuk menganalisis kondisi eksisting pengetahuan dan keterampilan agen PDPGR tentang manajemen posyandu dan 2) untuk menganalisis dampak pengaruh penerapan edukasi berbasis e-calender terhadap peningkatan pengetahun dan keterampilan Agen PDPGR tentang manajemen posyandu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sekongkang. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan pre experimental dengan one group pretest postest design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 20 agen PDPGR. Sedangkan pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi yang selanjutnya di analisis melalui uji statistic Friedman Test dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05 menggunakan program komputer SPSS 24. Hasil uji Friedman test AGR menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan berbasis e-kalender tentang manajemen posyandu pada tingkat ketrampilan AGR di Posyandu Keluarga Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sekongkang pada 2 kali pengukuran melalui observasi dengan nilai ρ value < 0.05 atau 0.000 < 0.05 dibuktikan dengan nilai rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah intervensi peningkatan yaitu 7,2 (cukup) dan 8,8 (baik) dan pada ketrampilan dengan nilai rata-rata responden mengalami peningkatan yaitu 3,2 (cukup) dan 4,5 (baik). Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan berbasis e-kalender tentang manajemen posyandu pada tingkat ketrampilan AGR di Posyandu Keluarga Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sekongkang

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi guru, pengorganisasian sekolah dan sarana prasarana terhadap kualitas pembelajaran di SLB Kabupaten Sumbawa. Subyek penelitian adalah guru pengajar di SLB Kabupaten Sumbawa. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 30 orang dengan teknik sampel acak. Metode analisis yang digunakan kuantitatif dengan tehnik analisis korelasi. Instrumen disusun dalam bentuk angket dengan menggunakan skala Likers. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa: Pertama, terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan kompetensi guru terhadap kualitas pembelajaran di SLB Kabupaten Sumbawa dengan nilai t Stat sebesar -14.05. Kedua, terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan pengorganisasian sekolah dengan kualitas pembelajaran dengan nilai t Stat sebesar -31.06 dengan nilai t tabel 2.042. Hasil penelitian kecukupan sarana dan prasarana di SLB Kabupaten Sumbawa memiliki persentase kecukupan sarana yaitu ruang kelas Jurusan Tunanetra sebesar 54%, ruang kelas Jurusan Tunarungu sebesar 72%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan kuat antara kompetensi guru terhadap kualitas pembelajaran, antara pengorganisasian sekolah dengan kualitas pembelajaran, serta kecukupan sarana prasana masih terdapat kekurangan.

The existence of the STIE BIMA business incubator as a facilitation facility in accelerating entrepreneurial growth is expected to be the answer to some of the problems of business partners who will be incubated (tenants). This study aims to determine the effect of Business Incubator Effectiveness on Business Community Assistance with a case study at the Bima University of Economics. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The research population is the entire business community assisted by Inbis STIE Bima totaling 165 groups. The research sample was determined by Stratified random sampling method, amounting to 100 respondents. The results of the study show that there is a significant effect of the effectiveness of the business incubator (Variable X) on assisting the business community (Variable Y) by the STIE Bima business incubator. So that it can be concluded that the effectiveness of the STIE Bima business incubator organization regarding business community assistance also shows evidence that there is significance. This research suggests that there is a need to increase the resource capabilities of the STIE Bima business incubator management team and collaboration with various policy-making stakeholders to support business community assistance.

One of the ways to develop Bima Ikat is by involving the roles of universities, the government and business people known as the triple helix model. This study aims to analyze the role of government, academics and business people in the development of woven textiles in the city of Bima. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The population in this study were all weavers in the weaving village of Ntobo sub-district, Bima City and the sample used Quota sampling with a specified number of 300 respondents. The results of the study show that there are three priority alternative strategies that can be proposed as follows; Assistance activities by the tourism agency have not been supported by cross-stakeholder coordination in Bima City, weavers as a source of livelihood are constrained by relatively expensive product prices and weaving activities have not yet scaled the production of creative industries that need to be supported by government regulations. According to the data analysis and research results, it can be concluded that the role of each element related to the development of Ikat in Bima City is carried out through three main strategies. Based on the results of the research findings, the suggestion is that it is expected that woven woven craftsmen whose business has developed consistently, need to maintain even more development with strategies and preventive efforts against various possibilities.

Setiap perguruan tinggi dituntut untuk mempersiapkan diri agar dapat menjadi perguruan tinggi yang siap berkompetisi dengan perguruan tinggi lain. Kompetisi yang semakin ketat tersebut tentunya akan semakin memacu seluruh perguruan tinggi untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitasnya. Kualitas perguruan tinggi banyak disorot oleh masyarakat terutama dari sisi para lulusan perguruan tinggi tersebut yang dapat diterima di pasar kerja. Perbaikan mutu pendidikan di perguruan tinggi perlu dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan daya saing perguruan tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis determinan peningkatan mutu berkelanjutan, dalam hal ini program studi pada perguruan tinggi swasta. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket kuesioner pada 100 responden yang diambil berdasarkan teknik saturation sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat faktor atau variabel yang menjadi pemicu program studi dalam meningkatkan mutu yaitu Pendampingan Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Internal, Kesadaran Mutu, Pemeringkatan Jaminan Mutu Program Studi dan Dukungan Manajemen Puncak. Pada Uji statistik menggunakan SEM-SmartPLS menunjukkan nilai Adjusted R-square sebesar 0,608 untuk konstruk Peningkatan Mutu Berkelanjutan Program Studi. Artinya bahwa variabilitas konstruk dalam penelitian ini sebesar 60,8%. Sisanya yaitu 39,2% dijelaskan oleh faktor lain di luar model.

The spread of COVID-19 has had an impact on all sectors of life, one of which is the education sector. The teaching and learning process which was originally carried out face to face is now switching to online learning. The purpose of this study was to determine how effective the online learning method was during the COVID-19 pandemic at a private university. There are 3 methods in this research, namely synchronous, asynchronous and mixed learning methods with the nature of the research is quantitative. Data collection techniques were carried out by distributing questionnaires in the form of google form to 100 students and 60 lecturers as respondents. The results of research on student respondents showed that mixed online learning methods were very effective during the covid-19 pandemic with an effectiveness ratio value of 81 and a percentage of 34%. while the synchronous and asynchronous methods are quite effective with the percentages of 32% and 33%, respectively. However, lecturer respondents indicated that the three methods were quite effective with the percentage of synchronous learning 32%, asynchronous and mixed learning 34% each.

This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of the Integrated Hajj Computerized System (SISKOHAT) on the improvement of Hajj services at the Ministry of Religion Office of Sumbawa Regency. This research is quantitative descriptive. The type of data used, namely primary data, was obtained from the results of distributing questionnaires to prospective pilgrims, the general public, and SISKOHAT officers/managers in Sumbawa Regency. The sample in this study were 101 respondents who were prospective pilgrims, 113 respondents who were the general public, and 11 respondents who were SISKOHAT officers/managers. The data analysis method used is simple linear regression analysis which includes data quality test, classical assumption test, and coefficient of determination test. The results showed that the application of SISKOHAT had a positive and significant effect on Hajj services. In addition, the implementation of SISKOHAT has an effect of 82.1% on increasing hajj services for prospective pilgrims, 57.3% for the general public, and 52.6% for SISKOHAT officers/managers. The remaining 17.9% for prospective pilgrims, 42.7% for the general public, and 47.4% for SISKOHAT officers/managers are influenced by other variables not discussed in this study.

Lithium titanate or (Li4Ti5O12) is one of potential materials applied as anode material for energy storage device. The material, however, has poor electrochemical properties. This study is aimed to study Zr-doped Li4Ti5O12 properties and electrochemical performance in a full cell. In this work, a facile solid state reaction is employed to prepare Li4Ti5-xO12Zrx (x=0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.075). Starting materials were stoichiometrically calculated and handily mixed for an hour, followed by calcination at 800oC for three hours. The XRD pattern reveals that the shipments to the higher angel of the highest peak are observed and indicate successful substitution process. The half-cell (Li metal/Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05) provides the highest conductivity value of the assembled cells, 0.15 mS cm-1. Cyclic Voltammetry measurement exhibits that the reduction peak of each half-cell is enhanced as an increasing amount of zirconium. The Charge-Discharge test also confirm that the highest capacity of the cells, 135.0 mAhg-1, is achieved by the cell based Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05. Full cell performance present that Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05 own higher capacity at various C-rates. Moreover, the specific capacitance of full cell based Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05 can sustain 82% after 100th cycle at 0.5C, higher than that of Li4Ti5O12 (22.4%). In addition, full cell performance also exhibits a potential for recovery cycle as shown in 90th cycle.

Harmonics are a phenomenon of voltage waveform deviationand currents that are transmitted and distributed from source to load in the formpure sinusoidal waves. This research aims to learn aboutthe influence of harmonics on distribution transformers in office buildings as wellcompare the effect on weekdays and holidays. From the measurement results inSudirman Central Business District is known that transformers 1 and 3 existharmonics with a current THD percentage of 25.27% and 22.32% on weekdays.While on holidays there is transformer 1 which has a percentage of THD current17.24% which exceeds the IEEE 519-1992 allowable limit of 15%.The dominant harmonics are the 3rd, 5th, and 7th harmonics. With a percentage of THDcurrents that exceed the standard limits will result in performance and even degradationdamage to electrical equipment or components. The results of the study show that at the momentsmall load (holidays) THD the resulting current is not too large due to the loadless use than during large loads (working days).

The world's population continues to grow, causing energy needs to increase rapidly.In fact, not all regions have a special supply of electrical energyareas that are located in remote and difficult to access places. Besides the depletion of reservesfossil fuels as the main source of electricity generation and effectsbad pollution also encourages the change of energy sources into new energyrenewable (EBT). The purpose of this research is to design a solution forovercome both of these by using the exhaust heat utilization system(waste-heat recovery) in domestic combustion, especially portable stoves.Thermoelectric generator (TEG) is the right choice because it has severaladvantages needed such as simple conversion process, reliabilityhigh, and ease of application. The research will discuss the design of the toolwaste-heat recovery on portable stoves mechanically and electrically. Designcarried out on 2 different types of TEG modules, namely TEP1-1264-3.4 and SP1848-27145. The proposed tool has an estimated output power of about 9.24 W for the moduleTEP1-1264-3.4 and 9.0048 W for SP1848-27145 module using 8a TEG module with an approximate temperature difference of 60 ? and a cooling systemwater based. Thus the TEP1-1264-3.4 module generates more powerhigher than SP1848-27145 module and the series configuration is rated better because of thishave no problem when experiencing voltage differences between modules. Designmechanical build that is made to have 2 separate frame parts for conveniencecircuit maintenance.

This research is focused on the influence of public relations activities (PublicRelations-PR) through the use of the internet (Cyber ??PR) to brand awarenessa private college. The purpose of this research is to find outhow the influence of cyber PR activities carried out by the University Public RelationsSumbawa Technology (UTS) through social media such as Facebook, Youtube andInstagram towards increasing UTS brand awareness. ResearchThis method uses quantitative methods with SPSS structural equation modeling (SEM)to compile a model of research results. The sample population used inThis research is the community of Sumbawa sub-district with the age criteria 15-29year in which 124 respondents filled out a questionnaire as a representation of 16,770 peoplethe people of Sumbawa for that age category. From the results of the F test there is an influencesimultaneous between independent variables (Facebook, Instagram and Youtube variables)to the dependent variable (Brand Awareness). Meanwhile, the results of the t test are obtainedthat the Instagram variable has a significant influence onincrease in UTS campus brand awareness.

Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) is an application of the thermoelectric module forgenerate electricity according to the seebeck effect which takes advantage of the temperature differenceoccurring on both sides of the module. This study aims to design a toolportable power generator by exploiting the energy loss in motorcycle exhaustin order to produce a power of 10. The design that is built is in the form ofelectrical design with series configuration and series-parallel configuration ascomparison, using 8 pieces of thermoelectric modules of type SP1848-27145 and modulesDC / DC converter. The mechanical design consists of 4 layers with visualizationusing Autodesk Inventor software. The shape of the tool is adapted to the shapeexhaust so that it can be removed and reinstalled with dimensions of 164.3 ????????× 205 × 23.135 ???????? and can maintain the temperature difference (????????) of 60 ° ????. ResultThe selected design uses a series configuration because it has the same amount of powerclose to the target of ? 9???? with good reliability and has protection onconverter step-down module.

Quantification of global sustainable energy security (ES) becomes urgent, but the concepts of ES are still not clear. Thus, this paper is originated from philosophical ES studies, in which the various concepts came from the differences in determining the observed multi-matters (energy, equipment, human, and ecosystem: EPME) and point of view to see the EPME. Therefore, this research is aimed at measuring the EPME variables, producing ES material quantities (Qes). Qes is derived after a 4-stage unification and is defined in a formula. The formula is then applied to calculate the top ten populous nations in the world from 1990 to 2015. Based on the top Qes values, the rankings are Russia (Fed.), USA, Japan, Brazil, China, Indonesia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The results also highlighted the Qes disparities between nations. A relationship between Qes and National Power Indicator (NPI) was also explored, indicating the ES saturation in the USA and Japan; and the macro energy-policy instability phenomenon in Nigeria. In addition, a comparison of Qes ranking to those of other scholars' results was presented. Finally, the macro sustainable energy policy implication is also highlighted.Keywords: National Energy Security, Quantification Formula, National Power, Sustainable Energy PolicyJEL Classifications: A12, C43, Q43, Q48DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.10245

The yaw motion stability and course-keeping ability of ships are important factors with regard to collision danger, particularly for ships operating in narrow channels, crowded routes, or port areas. Yaw motion may become unstable due to external forces, such as wind. To investigate yaw stability and course-keeping ability, this study developed a nonlinear dynamic system of a three-degree-of-freedom mathematical model to determine steady state equilibrium. Yaw motion behavior was then analyzed using the eigenvalue characteristic of the obtained equilibrium points. The numerical results for an Indonesian ro-ro ferry showed that the rudder angle required to maintain the ship’s course tended to increase as wind velocity increased. In beam wind, the necessary rudder angle was larger than the maximum possible rudder angle when the wind velocity was 24 m/s or more. The ship could be controlled by the rudder during operation, but its yaw motion tended to be unstable in following wind. The stable oscillation of yaw motion occurs when the wind velocity is higher than 11 m/s, and the range of heading and rudder angles increases as wind velocity increases.

In an effort to increase the value of the Electrification Ratio value reaches 99.9% andUtilization of New and Renewable Energy (EBT) of up to 25% by 2025 is requiredThe General Plan for National Energy (RUEN) which is revealed to be the General DraftRegional Energy (RUED). Sumbawa as an area in West Nusa Tenggarahas the potential for EBT in the form of Solar Energy Potential, Hydro Energy, and Thermal EnergyEarth and Sea Energy require strategic policies to manage andmeet the energy security of the region. This study aims to predictEnergy needs, and mapping the potential of EBT, in order to obtain a mixenergy (energy mix) is balanced. This research was conducted using toolssoftware Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) withdynamic systems approach. Data obtained from PT. PLN UP3 Sumbawa, RUPTL DataPLN NTB Region, Bapedda Kab. Sumbawa and Data from BPS Kab. Sumbawa. ResultThis research shows that the potential of EBT can be integrated in RUED formeet the energy needs of the region. Therefore, this research canproduce accurate energy demand forecast for Sumbawa Regencyin particular the use of regional green energy sources (Green Energy) to achieve thisenergy security for the great and dignified Sumbawa Regencyencouraging the formation of RUED Sumbawa Regency in line with the Indicator StrategySDGs program launched by the Government, both the Central Government andLocal Government especially the Clean Energy (Green Energy) program.

Lithium-Ion Capacitor (LIC) has shown promising performance to meet the needs of high energy and power-density-energy storage system in the era of electric vehicles nowadays. The development of electrode materials and electrolytes in recent years has improvised LIC performance significantly. One of the active materials of LIC electrodes, activated carbon (AC), can be synthesized from various biomass, one of which is the water hyacinth. Its abundant availability and low utilization make the water hyacinth as a promising activated carbon source. To observe the most optimal physical properties of AC, this study also compares various activation temperatures. In this study, full cell LIC was fabricated using LTO based anode, and water hyacinth derived AC as the cathode. The LIC full cell was further characterized to see the material properties and electrochemical performance. Water hyacinth derived LIC can achieve a specific capacitance of 32.11 F/g, the specific energy of 17.83 Wh/kg, and a specific power of 160.53 W/kg.

Lithium-ion capacitors (LIC) is believed to be an ideal option in certain application as energy storage device due to its properties either possessing high energy density (four times higher than electrical double-layer capacitor) or having as much power density as a supercapacitor. In this study, a biomass-based activated carbon (WHAC) was prepared by using the water hyacinth plant through the activation process utilizing a chemical activating agent, KOH. The water hyacinth was carbonized at 500 °C for a 1 h holding time with a ramping temperature of 10 °C/min. Then, the LICs electrode is constructed by two different types of electrode, WHAC as the main active material of cathode and lithium titanate oxide (LTO) for the anode. The biomass-derived activated carbon exhibits a high specific surface area of 791.8 m2/g and a high pore volume of 1.13 m3/g. The assembled LiCs shows a reasonable electrochemical performance with a maximum specific capacitance of 1.12 F/g with the highest specific energy of 4.48 Wh/kg and specific power of 34.14 W/kg. This LIC cell is one of the promising candidates for future applications due to its low-cost materials and owns more advantages than typical Lithium-ion Batteries (LIBs).

In this study, 238 power transformers (PTs) with operating voltages between 150­500 kV and capacities in the range of 60–167 MVA are tested for partial discharge (PD). Thirty-eight of the PTs exceeded the pre-determined value of 70 pC at 1.5 maximum voltage of the PT. Failure analysis of the failed 38 PTs showed that 21% of the PD sources originate from the winding cylinder, which is formed by bonding the edges of a pressboard with an adhesive. Therefore, in this study, the effect of casein- and polyvinyl-based adhesives used in winding cylinders was investigated through standard PD measurements. The results indicate that pressboards bonded with casein-based adhesives exhibit PD values 20–25 pC lower than those bonded with polyvinyl-based adhesives (50–400 pC) at identical applied voltages (7.5–25 kV or 3–10 kV/mm). The excellent performance of casein-based adhesives is mainly attributed to its porous structure, which accelerates the impregnation of oil into the adhesive and pressboard, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy observations. This practical study will be beneficial in the process of designing and manufacturing PTs and highlight materials for producing PTs with low PD values.

Antiglare and antireflection materials take considerable research attention due to its important role in transparent optical materials for various purposes. In this study, we employed layer-by-layer coating materials consist of SiO2 and TiZrO2 deposited on etched-surface glass substrate using dual electron beam evaporator system. The surface morphology investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited the microstructure patterns of glass surface. The cross-sectional image of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed uniformly layer-by-layer coating materials with the thickness of ~20–80 nm. The Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) revealed the depth profiles of elemental composition of surface layer-by-layer coating, confirming the presence of elements of SiO2 and TiZrO2 layers. In addition, the layer-by-layer coated glass surface performed the hydrophobic properties with contact angle of 69°. The microstructure surface treatment and layer-by-layer coating have successfully decreased the reflectance (~3%) and increased the transmittance of the treated glass (~91%), opening the possibility for the applications of any optical devices.

Under a condition of sunlight exposure, the temperature of a parked car’s cabin will increase gradually. Compared to the ambient temperature, the inside and outside temperature will be different, which will be favourable for thermoelectric generators. This study investigated the temperature distribution pattern of a car parked in the direct sun using real and model cars. Performing different scenarios, we found that the car model equipped with a fan and a dimmer was the suitable approach to the real car model. Compared to the ambient temperature, results for both the real car and the model car indicated that heat rose drastically inside the car cabin. The calculation using the thermoelectric generator eTEG HV37 considerably could generate up to 6.9 mW per module. Therefore, by having a thermoelectric generator installed on an area of 1 m2 of the car roof, 280 W power could be generated.

One dimensional Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanostructures in the forms of nanowire, nanorod, nanotube have been attracting scientific and technology interests in the last few years. This current study investigated the effects of chemical bath deposition (CBD) synthesis parameters i.e. seeding solution concentration and growing time on the nanostructural characteristics of ZnO nanorods and considering their potential application for transparent heater. Seed solutions were prepared by dissolving 1:1 equimolar zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and hexamethylenetetraamine in water at 0°C for 1 hour. Upon the synthesis, the seeding solution concentration was varied from 0.005, 0.025, 0.05 M. The formation of thin films containing ZnO nanoseeds was carried out by spin coating the precursors on the conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates, followed with annealing at 200oC for 5 minutes then further growing the ZnO nanorods at 90oC for 3 hours. Another variation in this work was also carried out by selecting a different route upon CBD process, i.e. with a fixed 0.05 M seeding solution prepared from the same equimolar zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and hexamethylenetetraamine in water at 25oC for 1 hour, followed with the same annealing stage but continued by variation in the growing stage at 90oC for different times (3, 4 and 5 hours). ZnO nanorods were characterized using x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy. The results of these investigations demonstrated that with the increase in reaction time from 3 to 5 hours, the band gap energy, Eg of the nanorods decreased from 3.63 to 3.13 eV, a consequence of the increase in their diameter and crystallite size from 325 to 583 nm and 22.68 to 34.28 nm, respectively. The desired coverage of ZnO nanorods for transparent heater applications was obtained with a 0.05 M seeding solution and 5-hour reaction time.

Water demand will increase every year as human populations on this planet. The availability of freshwater resources is diminishing in response to increasing environmental pollution and destruction. Plasma technology is one effective way to treat water, because plasma technology can break down organic pollution in water and do not generate second pollutant. Therefore, in this study will design a plasma generator from a direct current voltage source and a plasma reactor with variation of cathode shapes. This research also analyzes the effect of variations in cathode shapes on the voltage and methylene blue solution. Plasma generator is made from a simple equipment using a zero-voltage switching (ZVS) driver and a fly back transformer. Plasma reactor is made based on glow discharge with three different forms of cathode end, namely sharp end, flat end, and rounded end. The results show that the sharp end can be used to produce glow discharge faster and the input voltage used to form a glow discharge is smaller than the other. The rounded end will clear the methylene blue solution faster than the other end. The rounded end also can reduce absorbance better than the other end in the same time.

This study reports a facile synthesis of ZnO microrods using chemical bath deposition (CBD) for anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIB). During the synthesis, we controlled the uniformity, the density, and the diameter growth of ZnO microrods in order to find the optimum conditions. In particular, the effects of annealing temperature on the ZnO microrod morphology, structure, and electrochemical performances were further investigated. The size, alignment, and uniformity of the ZnO microrods were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while structural analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The results showed that the annealing temperatures significantly influenced the ZnO microrod growth. We found the excellent experimental parameters were achieved at annealing temperature of 150 °C (ZnO_150) within 10 min and three seed layers, providing an average diameter of ~ 233.6 nm, crystallite size of 46.01 nm, and the density of 5.05 rods/μm2. Among the other samples, the ZnO_150 microrods delivered the highest initial discharge capacity of 811 mAhg−1 with relatively stable capacity retention of ~ 82% after 80 cycles and excellent rate capability performance.

In a furniture decorative laminate industry, boiler is an important component to produce steam for machinery operation. Thus, improving efficiency of boiler becomes crucial step to reduce the operational cost and to increase the productivity. In this study, we investigated the replacement of steam trap in a boiler system using orificebased steam trap. Based on the real operational data, we found that the modified steam traps installed in an impregnation machine line could increase the boiler efficiency and decrease the fuel consumption by 7.1%, reduce the treated water by 5.5%, and decrease the condensate water volume by 1.9%. These phenomena occurred because there are no steam losses thus the boiler will work efficiently leading to the reduction in the use of fuel and treated water. The cost calculation concluded that the replacement of steam traps contributes to 2 months pay back period, Net Present Value (NPV) of USD 57,457, and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 562%.

Despite the advantage of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for realization of large area epitaxial growth of graphene on transition metal catalysts, both etching and transfer process of CVD-grown graphene sheets still remain a big challenge. Here we demonstrate the formation of multilayer graphene (MLG) sheets tailored from C60 thin films on the top of Si/Ni substrate without etching and transfer steps based on Ni films. This self-assembled process separates the MLG sheets from the conductive Ni catalyst, embarking a possibility for direct characterizations of MLG sheets. The fine-tuned C60 films (30 nm) are transformed into approximately 17 MLG sheets, thus making it large-area MLG sheets for a variety of direct applications.

Homogeneously dispersed Sn nanoparticles approximately ⩽10 nm in a polymerized C60 (PC60) matrix, employed as the anode of a Li-ion battery, are prepared using plasma-assisted thermal evaporation coupled by chemical vapor deposition. The self-relaxant superelastic characteristics of the PC60 possess the ability to absorb the stress–strain generated by the Sn nanoparticles and can thus alleviate the problem of their extreme volume changes. Meanwhile, well-dispersed dot-like Sn nanoparticles, which are surrounded by a thin SnO2 layer, have suitable interparticle spacing and multilayer structures for alleviating the aggregation of Sn nanoparticles during repeated cycles. The Ohmic characteristic and the built-in electric field formed in the interparticle junction play important roles in enhancing the diffusion and transport rate of Li ions. SPC-50, a Sn-PC60 anode consisting of 50 wt % Sn and 50 wt % PC60, as confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, exhibited the highest electrochemical pe...

Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) glasses play an important role in various technology, including dye sensitized solar cells. One of the most commonly used glass is indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, which is expensive. Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to determine if ITO glass can be replaced with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, which is easier and more economic to manufacture. For this purpose, a tin chloride dehydrate (SnCl2.2H2O) precursor was doped with ammonium fluoride (NH4F) using a sol-gel method and spray pyrolysis technique to investigate the fabrication process for conductive glass. NH4F was doped at a ratio of 2 wt% in the SnCl2.2H2O precursor at varying deposition times (10, 20, and 30 minutes) and substrate temperatures (250, 300, and 350°C). The results revealed that longer deposition times created thicker glass layers with reduced electrical resistivity. The highest optical transmittance was 75.5% and the lowest resistivity was 3.32´10-5 ?.cm, obtained from FTO glass subjected to a 20-minute deposition time at deposition temperature of 300oC.

Nowadays, the usage of electrical energy is mostly still using AC voltage. Nevertheless, almost all electronic equipment requires a direct current (DC) source for their operation, including the personal computer (PC). PCs are electronic devices that are widely used, and it commonly employs AC input source. In this study, PC will be supplied with DC input source i.e. batteries. As PC utilizes 3 different DC voltage supplies (12V, 5V, and 3.3V), therefore for this purpose, a Single Input - Multiple Output DC-DC converter for PC power supply is designed using full bridged topology and simulated by using Proteus ISIS software. The result showed that the error between simulated and developed design for +3.3V output voltage was 3.94%; for +5V output voltage was 2.94%; for +12V output voltage was 1.23%, and for -12V output voltage was 2.35%. Moreover, the efficiency of developed DCDC converter during starting, operating and standby modes was 61.88%, 60.15%, and 54.15% respectively. Therefore, using this developed DC-DC converter for PC power supply, the PC could be run with any DC sources.

The electricity load growth should be planned appropriately to meet energy demand in a certain area. Electricity consumption growth is generally proportional with the economic and population growth. Using historical data on Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) and population growth, the electricity load growth in the near future can be statistically predicted. The relationship between economic and population growth trend and total customers as well as the demands of contract electricity energy growth trend could be connected by the linear regression method to predict electricity energy consumptions. Through a Simple Econometric Simulation System (SIMPLE-E) program run in Microsoft Excel application, linear regression trend can be calculated. The purpose of study is to predict the growth of electricity consumption in Tangerang City-Indonesia, for the next ten consecutive years (2019-2028). Customer data that will be analyzed consist of five segments, which are Residential (R), Commercial (B), Industry (I), Public (P), and Social (S). Those can be combined with Gross Regional Domestic Product and human population using Multiples Linear Regression in SIMPLE-E. The correlation between dependent variables (total customers and contract of power) and independent variables (population and GRDP) will be computed in SIMPLE-E through rate value of correlation R, Adjusted R, and Durbin Watson test. The Actual trend data of total customer, contract power from 2012 to 2018, is compared to model equation from linear regression. The calculation of error use Root Mean Square Percentage Error and Mean Percentage Error, shows that the total error is less than 5%, meaning the simulation is scientifically accepted. This study shows that the average growth of electricity consumption in Tangerang city from 2019 to 2028 is 5.63%. It means that every 1% growth of economy in Tangerang will increase electricity load consumption for 0.94%.

Transformer is one of the main components in distribution system of electrical power system towards the consumers, thereby any damage to the transformers will hinder the distribution of electricity towards the consumers, and in turn will make the SAIDI and SAIFI levels go up. High temperature in transformers can cause degradation in the insulation of transformers which in turn will cause failure in transformers. When the temperature in winding reaches or goes beyond the limit of $110^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, a degradation in insulation will start happening and the remaining life of transformers will decrease. Damage in transformers will cause disturbance in electrical power system and result in a major economic loss. Before damages occur, transformers need to be changed up until it is deemed to be no longer efficient, this can be done by replacing the transformer that is about to be damaged. To predict when a transformer is about to break, a calculation is made based on thermal modelling according to IEEE Std C57.91-1995 with its most prominent variable being Hot Spot Temperature (HST). HST is obtained by MATLAB programming using Annex G of IEEE Std. C57.91-1995. By obtaining HST, thus the remaining lifetime of transformers can be predicted. This study analysed the effect of loading, hot-spot temperature, and ambient temperature on the remaining lifetime of a transformer. The higher those three factors, the quicker the transformer will break, with loss of life percentage increasing exponentially. The highest loading, hot spot temperature, and ambient temperature given in this research gives percent loss of life of 0.0888332%, 0.0193394%, 0.020753% respectively.

Many regions in Indonesia are still lack of electricity due to geographical condition in the form of archipelago, including Tanjung Balai Karimun District, in Kepulauan Riau Province, Indonesia. Therefore, using local renewable resources to fulfill load demand is better than relying on utility grid. The potential of using biomass waste, for instance oil palm and coconut residues, as renewable energy resources should be an optional decision to make improvement, not only for the reliability of existing power system itself but also to meet the load demand generally available in every region of Indonesia. In 2016, Karimun Regency in Riau Islands Province as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is growing rapidly in economic and facing electrical energy crisis simultaneously. Addressing this problem, the government has taken an action by making amendment on the policy that consciously planned to increase the capacity of power plants, in particular Oil and Gas Power Plants (OGPP) in the period of 2018-2024. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability of Tanjung Balai Karimun power system based on its Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) index designed during the planning period of power plant addition. Then, the value of new LOLP index was recalculated after integrating new system of Biomass Power Plant (BPP). Based on LOLP calculation using recursive method, LOLP index in 2018 decreased from 3.63 days/year to 2.05 days/year, reflecting quality improvement of the power plant reliability. Integrating BPP into the existing power plant has powered up the capacity of 2.8 MW according to the availability of oil palm and coconut biomass waste.

In a rural area, where electricity supply is limited, water accessibility for the society generally becomes a major concern. Here, we proposed the alternative solution which is an integrated solar-powered water pump system using the DC concept. We investigated the optimum condition and the power conversion before and after the installation of photovoltaic (PV) panels. The correlation between the total water lift and flow rate has been determined as one the parameter designing the PV panel integration by assuming the total water lift as independent variables ($\mathrm{H}_{0}, \mathrm{H}_{1}, \mathrm{H}_{2}$, and H 3 with 1-meter increment) and the electrical power as a dependent variable (the power supply only comes from battery). Using these schemes, we calculated the efficiency of these four different conditions were 2.73%, 12.21%, 18.44%, and 15.34%, respectively. Meanwhile, after PV panel integration in which the total head H 1 =1.33 meter as dependent variables and PV modules as independent variables, the efficiency of the submersible Water DC pump powered by a PV module of 4x30 W p and 6x30 W p reached 11.92% and 11.78% subsequently.

The failure detection of substation equipment causing the system blackout is the main problem in electrical transmission due to the delayed data transmission network. The communication among electrical power substation is an essential part of the protection system in electrical power transmission for providing a reliable network. So far, the Indonesian electric utility entrusted the third parties to provide the communication network. However, this pathway has the drawback in data transmission, for instance data delayed, because it is not directly integrated with the system. Thus, in this study, we proposed a novel built-in method that allowed the user to conduct a real-time monitoring on the entire system. We implemented two stages; the first stage was to deploy the primary multiplexer to provide 2 Mbps loop network, while the second stage was to develop the independent network by installing the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) network to replace the existing one. Based on G.703 channel test, we found that the proposed network was capable of replacing the third parties network, confirmed by direct testing using network monitoring system.

Manufacturing process of oil immersed Power Transformer (PT) has significant effect to the value of its partial discharge (PD). PD is one of the most important parameters of PT to ensures the reliability and quality of the PT's operation PT. As PT is one of the most important parts in electrical power system, PD becomes one of the key performance indicators for PT. The quality of manufacturing process of both liquid and solid insulations will reflect to the PD value of PT. Both solid and liquid insulation will form the overall insulation of integration of PT. One of the important manufacturing processes is vacuum and oil impregnation process. These processes ensure the removal of the moisture from PT insulation and keep maintaining PT from moisture ingress. In this study, the experiment is conducted to investigate the relation between vacuum and impregnation process duration to partial discharge value of 167 MVA 500/150 kV on single phase power transformer. Twelve (12) samples are investigated during manufacturing process and final acceptance testing by measuring vacuum and impregnation process duration as well as the value of partial discharge. The result shows that vacuum process duration has significant effect to PD values. Combined with oil impregnation process of the insulation, the results show that to achieve PD below 70pC (

Harmonic distortions in electric power system are the main power quality concerns, mostly generated by nonlinear loads such as Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). A water treatment industry usually utilizes VFD to control their water pump motors during the operation. In this study, we investigated the effects of harmonic distortion resulted from VFD on the measurement accuracy in the distribution system operated by state-owned electric utility. The results showed that the VFD that employed the pulse width modulation (PWM) technique has adjusted the supply frequency of 50 Hz into specific number to control the speed of motors. Data recorded on energy meter for seven days exhibited the THD V of 3.27% and THD I of 36.37%. We found that the harmonic distortion has caused the energy measurement error of 1.2%, and this becomes potential losses for the utility because it could not be charged to customers due to the government tariff regulation

Co-combustion testing of Low-Rank Coal (LRC) and Medium-Rank Coal (MRC) was carried out in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler with a capacity of 16.5 MWe to determine the effects on the performance and characteristics of operational boiler parameters. Coal was initially divided in two different bunkers based on its quality. The big bunker was filled with LRC and the smaller one was filled with MRC. To observe further impact on boiler performance, four different flow ratio percentages were set up through the coal feeder. We found that increasing the MRC ratio contributed to the rising furnace bed and inlet cyclone temperature. This also positively affected the boiler efficiency with the highest value of 86.77 % with full of MRC. However, the co-combustion caused drawbacks due to inhomogeneous temperature distribution within those furnaces. The average bed temperature ranged from 974 0C to 1,000 0C. The Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) increased slightly by 3.95 % of the original fuel design.