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6. Reticulation of Block Copolymer Nanostructures from Perforation

Author

Yeh, Shih-Lin, Chang, Cheng-Yen, and Ho, Rong-Ming

Abstract

This work aims to examine a variety of metastable phases from the controlled self-assembly of a lamellae-forming polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) and its blends with a PDMS homopolymer. Kinetically trapped phases including hexagonally perforated lamellae (HPL), double diamond (DD), and double gyroid (DG) can be obtained from the blends, making it feasible to investigate the transition mechanisms from perforation to reticulation for the formation of network phases (i.e., DD and DG) as evidenced by temperature-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering experiments. Most interestingly, on the basis of the 3D reconstruction of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images (electron tomography), an epitaxial relationship between the [001] direction of HPL and the [111] direction for DG and DD phases for the transformations from HPL to DG and DD, respectively, can be clearly identified. Specifically, the 3D double networks of PDMS are initiated from the parallel PDMS layers with PS perforation, forming the topological building units for the gyroid (trigonal planar texture) and diamond (tetrapod texture) phases. As a result, this finding may fill up the lost parts of the morphological evolution from perforation to reticulation in terms of topological transformations.

Published
2025
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10. Construct a Customized Product Service System Utilizing Multi-agent System

Author

Chang, Cheng-Yen, Tsai, Chi-Hsuan, Chu, Ming-Chuan, Rannenberg, Kai, Editor-in-Chief, Sakarovitch, Jacques, Series Editor, Goedicke, Michael, Series Editor, Tatnall, Arthur, Series Editor, Neuhold, Erich J., Series Editor, Pras, Aiko, Series Editor, Tröltzsch, Fredi, Series Editor, Pries-Heje, Jan, Series Editor, Whitehouse, Diane, Series Editor, Reis, Ricardo, Series Editor, Furnell, Steven, Series Editor, Furbach, Ulrich, Series Editor, Winckler, Marco, Series Editor, Rauterberg, Matthias, Series Editor, Moon, Ilkyeong, editor, Lee, Gyu M., editor, Park, Jinwoo, editor, Kiritsis, Dimitris, editor, and von Cieminski, Gregor, editor

Published
2018
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11. Electronic cigarettes disrupt lung lipid homeostasis and innate immunity independent of nicotine

Author

Madison, Matthew C., Landers, Cameron T., Gu, Bon-Hee, Chang, Cheng-Yen, Tung, Hui-Ying, You, Ran, Hong, Monica J., Baghaei, Nima, Song, Li-Zhen, Porter, Paul, Putluri, Nagireddy, Salas, Ramiro, Gilbert, Brian E., Levental, Ilya, Campen, Matthew J., Corry, David B., and Kheradmand, Farrah

Subjects
Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Physiological aspects, Surface active agents -- Physiological aspects, Homeostasis -- Physiological aspects, Macrophages -- Physiological aspects, Glycerol -- Physiological aspects, Lipids -- Physiological aspects, Inflammation -- Physiological aspects, Propylene glycol -- Physiological aspects, Disease susceptibility -- Physiological aspects, Electronic cigarettes -- Physiological aspects, Scientific equipment industry -- Physiological aspects, Membrane lipids, Plant lipids, Cigarettes, Propylene, Influenza, Polyols, Phospholipids, Emphysema, Blood lipids, Pathogenic microorganisms, Vegetables, Youth, Glycols (Class of compounds)
Abstract

Introduction The electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), or e-cigarette, entered the US market in the mid-2000s and rapidly gained popularity among tobacco smokers and never-smokers (1). Currently, an estimated 10 [...], Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or e-cigarettes have emerged as a popular recreational tool among adolescents and adults. Although the use of ENDS is often promoted as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes, few comprehensive studies have assessed the long-term effects of vaporized nicotine and its associated solvents, propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG). Here, we show that compared with smoke exposure, mice receiving ENDS vapor for 4 months failed to develop pulmonary inflammation or emphysema. However, ENDS exposure, independent of nicotine, altered lung lipid homeostasis in alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells. Comprehensive lipidomic and structural analyses of the lungs revealed aberrant phospholipids in alveolar macrophages and increased surfactant- associated phospholipids in the airway. In addition to ENDS-induced lipid deposition, chronic ENDS vapor exposure downregulated innate immunity against viral pathogens in resident macrophages. Moreover, independent of nicotine, ENDS- exposed mice infected with influenza demonstrated enhanced lung inflammation and tissue damage. Together, our findings reveal that chronic e-cigarette vapor aberrantly alters the physiology of lung epithelial cells and resident immune cells and promotes poor response to infectious challenge. Notably, alterations in lipid homeostasis and immune impairment are independent of nicotine, thereby warranting more extensive investigations of the vehicle solvents used in e-cigarettes.

Published
2019
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13. Peculiar Transition between Chiral and Achiral Networks in Self-Assembly of Chiral Block Copolymers

Author

Lien, Sook-Hui, Lin, Pin-Hua, Shao, Sheng-Wei, Chiu, Po-Ting, Chang, Cheng-Yen, Sung, Yu-Chuan, Tsai, Jing-Cherng, and Ho, Rong-Ming

Abstract

Herein, a peculiar phase transition between the mesochiral and achiral networks can be found in the self-assembly of chiral block copolymers. A chiral network phase, an alternating gyroid (GA), with controlled helicity can be achieved by the self-assembly of chiral triblock terpolymers, polyisoprene-block-polystyrene-block-poly(l-lactide) (PI–PS-PLLA), and polyisoprene-block-polystyrene-block-poly(d-lactide) (PI–PS-PDLA). An interesting phase transition between chiral GAwith negative PLLA network and positive PI network within the PS matrix and core–shell double gyroid (DG) with a pair of PLLA networks but opposite handedness with PS shells in the PI matrix can be found, reflecting a phase transformation between the dispersed PI network and PI matrix with minor compositional variation. Similar results can also be found in the case of PDLA but with opposite handedness. Homochiral evolution at different length scales via self-assembly can be evidenced by vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of C═O stretching (conformational chirality due to intrachain chiral interaction) and the C–O–C parallel mode (hierarchical chirality due to interchain chiral interaction). Most interestingly, the molecular dispositions of the helical polymer chains in the self-assembled phase based on the VCD results of the C–O–C parallel mode are in line with the observed phase behaviors at which the VCD signals from GAwill be nullified after the formation of the core–shell DG. As a result, the transition mechanism can be clarified from the conformational level to the mesoscale with respect to the self-assembly process.

Published
2024
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15. Defining Morphological Transformations of “Soft Nature” Diblock Viscoelastic Structured Polymers

Author

Moutsios, Ioannis, primary, Ntetsikas, Konstantinos, additional, Manesi, Gkreti-Maria, additional, Liontos, George, additional, Nikitina, Evgeniia A., additional, Chang, Cheng-Yen, additional, Vidal, Loic, additional, Hadjichristidis, Nikos, additional, Ho, Rong-Ming, additional, Ivanov, Dimitri A., additional, and Avgeropoulos, Apostolos, additional

Published
2023
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22. Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patient Fecal Microbiota Transplant Recapitulates Gut Dysbiosis

Author

Hajjar, Joud, primary, Voigt, Anita, additional, Conner, Margaret, additional, Swennes, Alton, additional, Fowler, Stephanie, additional, Calarge, Chadi, additional, Mendonca, Danielle, additional, Armstrong, Dominique, additional, Chang, Cheng-Yen, additional, Walter, Jolan, additional, Butte, Manish, additional, Savidge, Tor, additional, Oh, Julia, additional, Kheradmand, Farrah, additional, and Petrosino, Joseph, additional

Published
2023
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23. HIF-dependent induction of alveolar miR-147 dampens SARS-CoV-2 immune evasion

Author

Eltzschig, Holger, primary, Yuan, Xiaoyi, additional, Kim, Jieun, additional, Wang, Yanyu, additional, Mangala, Lingegowda, additional, Rodriguez-Aguayo, Cristian, additional, Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel, additional, Sood, Anil, additional, Ruan, Wei, additional, Weng, Tingting, additional, Karmouty-Quintana, Harry, additional, Chang, Cheng-Yen, additional, Xie, Xuping, additional, Polverino, Francesca, additional, Williams, George, additional, Kheradmand, Farrah, additional, and Shi, Pei-Yong, additional

Published
2023
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27. Chronic exposure to carbon black ultrafine particles reprograms macrophage metabolism and accelerates lung cancer

Author

Chang, Cheng-Yen, primary, You, Ran, additional, Armstrong, Dominique, additional, Bandi, Ashwini, additional, Cheng, Yi-Ting, additional, Burkhardt, Philip M., additional, Becerra-Dominguez, Luis, additional, Madison, Matthew C., additional, Tung, Hui-Ying, additional, Zeng, Zhimin, additional, Wu, Yifan, additional, Song, Lizhen, additional, Phillips, Patricia E., additional, Porter, Paul, additional, Knight, John M., additional, Putluri, Nagireddy, additional, Yuan, Xiaoyi, additional, Marcano, Daniela C., additional, McHugh, Emily A., additional, Tour, James M., additional, Catic, Andre, additional, Maneix, Laure, additional, Burt, Bryan M., additional, Lee, Hyun-Sung, additional, Corry, David B., additional, and Kheradmand, Farrah, additional

Published
2022
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