3,044 results on '"Chang, Song"'
Search Results
2. Methotrexate and the Risk of Dementia: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
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Ma, Xiao-Na, Feng, Wei, Chen, Shu-Lin, Zhong, Xiao-Qin, Lin, Chang-Song, and Xu, Qiang
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- 2024
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3. A deep learning interatomic potential suitable for simulating radiation damage in bulk tungsten
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Ding, Chang-Jie, Lei, Ya-Wei, Wang, Xiao-Yang, Li, Xiao-Lin, Li, Xiang-Yan, Zhang, Yan-Ge, Xu, Yi-Chun, Liu, Chang-Song, and Wu, Xue-Bang
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- 2024
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4. Mechanical property and thermal shock behavior of tungsten-yttria-stabilized zirconia cermet fabricated by spark plasma sintering
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Zhang, Lin-Chao, Jing, Ke, Liu, Rui, Xie, Zhuo-Ming, Yang, Jun-Feng, Li, Gang, Wang, Xian-Ping, Wu, Xue-Bang, Fang, Qian-Feng, and Liu, Chang-Song
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- 2024
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5. Achieving a remarkable low-temperature tensile ductility in a high-strength tungsten alloy
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Cheng, Xiang, Xie, Zhuo-Ming, Xie, Xue-Feng, Zeng, Long-Fei, Liu, Rui, Yang, Jun-Feng, Wu, Xue-Bang, Wang, Xian-Ping, Liu, Chang-Song, and Fang, Qiang-Feng
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- 2024
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6. The Greenland Telescope: Construction, Commissioning, and Operations in Pituffik
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Chen, Ming-Tang, Asada, Keiichi, Matsushita, Satoki, Raffin, Philippe, Inoue, Makoto, Ho, Paul T. P., Han, Chih-Chiang, Kubo, Derek, Norton, Timothy, Patel, Nimesh A., Nystrom, George, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Martin-Cocher, Pierre, Koay, Jun Yi, Romero-Cañizales, Cristina, Liu, Ching-Tang, Huang, Teddy, Liu, Kuan-Yu, Wei, Tashun, Chang, Shu-Hao, Chilson, Ryan, Oshiro, Peter, Jiang, Homin, Li, Chao-Te, Bower, Geoffrey, Shaw, Paul, Nishioka, Hiroaki, Koch, Patrick M., Chen, Chung-Cheng, Srinivasan, Ranjani, Rao, Ramprasad, Snow, William, Jinchi, Hao, Han, Kuo-Chang, Chang, Song-Chu, Lu, Li-Ming, Ogawa, Hideo, Kimura, Kimihiro, Hasegawa, Yutaka, Pu, Hung-Yi, Koyama, Shoko, Nakamura, Masanori, Bintley, Daniel, Walther, Craig, Friberg, Per, Dempsey, Jessica, Sriharan, T. K., Srikanth, Sivasankaran, Doeleman, Sheperd S., Brissenden, Roger, Marcos, Juan-Carlos Algaba, Jeter, Britt, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, and Park, Jongho
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
In 2018, the Greenland Telescope (GLT) started scientific observation in Greenland. Since then, we have completed several significant improvements and added new capabilities to the telescope system. This paper presents a full review of the GLT system, a summary of our observation activities since 2018, the lessons learned from the operations in the Arctic regions, and the prospect of the telescope., Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures, and 8 tables. This is the version of the article before publication editing, as submitted by an author to Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record will be added when it becomes available
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- 2023
7. Well-Posedness for McKean-Vlasov SDEs with Distribution Dependent Stable Noises
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Deng, Chang-Song and Huang, Xing
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Mathematics - Probability - Abstract
The well-posedness is established for McKean-Vlasov SDEs driven by $\alpha$-stable noises ($1<\alpha<2$). In this model, the drift is H\"{o}lder continuous in space variable and Lipschitz continuous in distribution variable with respect to the sum of Wasserstein and weighted variation distances, while the noise coefficient satisfies the Lipschitz condition in distribution variable with respect to the sum of two Wasserstein distances. The main tool relies on Zvonkin's transform, a time-change technique and a two-step fixed point argument.
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- 2023
8. Allopurinol is Associated with an Increased Risk of Cerebral Infarction: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
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Xiao-Na Ma, Mei-Feng Shi, Wei Feng, Shu-Lin Chen, Xiao-Qin Zhong, Chang-Song Lin, and Qiang Xu
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2024
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9. YAP promotes the early development of temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis by regulating mesenchymal stem cell function
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Tong-Mei Zhang, Mai-Ning Jiao, Kun Yang, Hua-Lun Wang, Chang-Song Zhang, Shi-Hua Wang, Guan-Meng Zhang, He-Jing Miao, Jun Shen, and Ying-Bin Yan
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Temporomandibular joint ankylosis ,Hippo/YAP ,ShRNA ,Trauma ,Osteogenic ,Sheep ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract To explore the role of YAP, a key effector of the Hippo pathway, in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. The temporal and spatial expression of YAP was detected via immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunohistochemistry on postoperative Days 1, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14 and 28 in a sheep model. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from samples of the Day 14. The relative mRNA expression of YAP was examined before and after the osteogenic induction of MSCs. A YAP-silenced MSC model was constructed, and the effect of YAP knockdown on MSC function was examined. YAP is expressed in the nucleus of the key sites that determine the ankylosis formation, indicating that YAP is activated in a physiological state. The expression of YAP increased gradually over time. Moreover, the number of cells coexpressing of RUNX2 and YAP—with the osteogenic active zone labelled by RUNX2—tended to increase after Day 9. After the osteogenic induction of MSCs, the expression of YAP increased. After silencing YAP, the osteogenic, proliferative and migratory abilities of the MSCs were inhibited. YAP is involved in the early development of TMJ bony ankylosis. Inhibition of YAP using shRNA might be a promising way to prevent or treat TMJ ankylosis.
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- 2024
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10. A ring-like accretion structure in M87 connecting its black hole and jet
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Lu, Ru-Sen, Asada, Keiichi, Krichbaum, Thomas P., Park, Jongho, Tazaki, Fumie, Pu, Hung-Yi, Nakamura, Masanori, Lobanov, Andrei, Hada, Kazuhiro, Akiyama, Kazunori, Kim, Jae-Young, Marti-Vidal, Ivan, Gómez, José L., Kawashima, Tomohisa, Yuan, Feng, Ros, Eduardo, Alef, Walter, Britzen, Silke, Bremer, Michael, Broderick, Avery E., Doi, Akihiro, Giovannini, Gabriele, Giroletti, Marcello, Ho, Paul T. P., Honma, Mareki, Hughes, David H., Inoue, Makoto, Jiang, Wu, Kino, Motoki, Koyama, Shoko, Lindqvist, Michael, Liu, Jun, Marscher, Alan P., Matsushita, Satoki, Nagai, Hiroshi, Rottmann, Helge, Savolainen, Tuomas, Schuster, Karl-Friedrich, Shen, Zhi-Qiang, de Vicente, Pablo, Walker, R. Craig, Yang, Hai, Zensus, J. Anton, Algaba, Juan Carlos, Allardi, Alexander, Bach, Uwe, Berthold, Ryan, Bintley, Dan, Byun, Do-Young, Casadio, Carolina, Chang, Shu-Hao, Chang, Chih-Cheng, Chang, Song-Chu, Chen, Chung-Chen, Chen, Ming-Tang, Chilson, Ryan, Chuter, Tim C., Conway, John, Crew, Geoffrey B., Dempsey, Jessica T., Dornbusch, Sven, Faber, Aaron, Friberg, Per, García, Javier González, Garrido, Miguel Gómez, Han, Chih-Chiang, Han, Kuo-Chang, Hasegawa, Yutaka, Herrero-Illana, Ruben, Huang, Yau-De, Huang, Chih-Wei L., Impellizzeri, Violette, Jiang, Homin, Jinchi, Hao, Jung, Taehyun, Kallunki, Juha, Kirves, Petri, Kimura, Kimihiro, Koay, Jun Yi, Koch, Patrick M., Kramer, Carsten, Kraus, Alex, Kubo, Derek, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Li, Chao-Te, Lin, Lupin Chun-Che, Liu, Ching-Tang, Liu, Kuan-Yu, Lo, Wen-Ping, Lu, Li-Ming, MacDonald, Nicholas, Martin-Cocher, Pierre, Messias, Hugo, Meyer-Zhao, Zheng, Minter, Anthony, Nair, Dhanya G., Nishioka, Hiroaki, Norton, Timothy J., Nystrom, George, Ogawa, Hideo, Oshiro, Peter, Patel, Nimesh A, Pen, Ue-Li, Pidopryhora, Yurii, Pradel, Nicolas, Raffin, Philippe A., Rao, Ramprasad, Ruiz, Ignacio, Sanchez, Salvador, Shaw, Paul, Snow, William, Sridharan, T. K., Srinivasan, Ranjani, Tercero, Belén, Torne, Pablo, Traianou, Efthalia, Wagner, Jan, Walther, Craig, Wei, Ta-Shun, Yang, Jun, and Yu, Chen-Yu
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
The nearby radio galaxy M87 is a prime target for studying black hole accretion and jet formation^{1,2}. Event Horizon Telescope observations of M87 in 2017, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, revealed a ring-like structure, which was interpreted as gravitationally lensed emission around a central black hole^3. Here we report images of M87 obtained in 2018, at a wavelength of 3.5 mm, showing that the compact radio core is spatially resolved. High-resolution imaging shows a ring-like structure of 8.4_{-1.1}^{+0.5} Schwarzschild radii in diameter, approximately 50% larger than that seen at 1.3 mm. The outer edge at 3.5 mm is also larger than that at 1.3 mm. This larger and thicker ring indicates a substantial contribution from the accretion flow with absorption effects in addition to the gravitationally lensed ring-like emission. The images show that the edge-brightened jet connects to the accretion flow of the black hole. Close to the black hole, the emission profile of the jet-launching region is wider than the expected profile of a black-hole-driven jet, suggesting the possible presence of a wind associated with the accretion flow., Comment: 50 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, author's version of the paper published in Nature
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- 2023
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11. Methotrexate and the Risk of Dementia: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
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Xiao-Na Ma, Wei Feng, Shu-Lin Chen, Xiao-Qin Zhong, Chang-Song Lin, and Qiang Xu
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Methotrexate ,Dementia ,Mendelian randomization ,Genome-wide association studies ,Causal inference ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Recent studies have suggested a potential association between methotrexate use and an increased risk of dementia. However, the causal relationship between methotrexate and dementia remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential causal effect of methotrexate use on the risk of dementia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) approach. Methods We conducted a TSMR study using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of methotrexate use and dementia. We obtained genetic instruments for methotrexate use from a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis and genetic instruments for dementia from a separate GWAS meta-analysis. We performed several statistical analyses, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM1), weighted mode (WM2), and MR-Egger regression methods, to estimate the causal effect of methotrexate on dementia risk. Results Our TSMR analysis showed a significant positive association between genetic predisposition to methotrexate use and dementia risk. The IVW method estimated a causal odds ratio (OR) of 0.476 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.362–0.626] per unit increase in the log odds ratio of methotrexate use. WM1, WM2, and MR-Egger methods provided consistent results. Conclusion The findings of this mendelian randomization (MR) study suggest a potential causal effect of methotrexate use on the risk of dementia. However, further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms. Since methotrexate is widely prescribed for various autoimmune diseases, a better understanding of its potential impact on dementia risk is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and addressing potential adverse effects.
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- 2024
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12. A micro-fragmented collagen gel as a cell-assembling platform for critical limb ischemia repair
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Haeun Chung, Jung-Kyun Choi, Changgi Hong, Youngseop Lee, Ki Hyun Hong, Seung Ja Oh, Jeongmin Kim, Soo-Chang Song, Jong-Wan Kim, and Sang-Heon Kim
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Regenerative medicine ,Stem cell therapy ,Collagen microgel ,3D cell culture ,Critical limb ischemia ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a devastating disease characterized by the progressive blockage of blood vessels. Although the paracrine effect of growth factors in stem cell therapy made it a promising angiogenic therapy for CLI, poor cell survival in the harsh ischemic microenvironment limited its efficacy. Thus, an imperative need exists for a stem-cell delivery method that enhances cell survival. Here, a collagen microgel (CMG) cell-delivery scaffold (40 × 20 μm) was fabricated via micro-fragmentation from collagen–hyaluronic acid polyionic complex to improve transplantation efficiency. Culturing human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) with CMG enabled integrin receptors to interact with CMG to form injectable 3-dimensional constructs (CMG-hASCs) with a microporous microarchitecture and enhanced mass transfer. CMG-hASCs exhibited higher cell survival (p
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- 2024
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13. Studies of an event-building algorithm of the readout system for the twin TPCs in HFRS
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Tian, Jing, Sun, Zhi-Peng, Chang, Song-Bo, Qian, Yi, Zhao, Hong-Yun, Hu, Zheng-Guo, and Chen, Xi-Meng
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- 2024
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14. Flexible symmetric predicate encryption for data privacy in IoT environments.
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Qingquan Bian, Yue Zhang, Chang Song, and Axin Wu
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- 2024
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15. Cloud-Assisted Laconic Private Set Intersection Cardinality.
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Axin Wu, Xiangjun Xin 0002, Jianhao Zhu, Wei Liu, Chang Song, and Guoteng Li
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- 2024
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16. Efficient Verifiable Cloud-Assisted PSI Cardinality for Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing.
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Yafeng Chen, Axin Wu, Yuer Yang, Xiangjun Xin 0002, and Chang Song
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- 2024
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17. Histopathological Confirmation of Axonal Sprouting in Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface
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Chang, Song Ho, Maenohara, Yuji, Hirose, Jun, Omata, Yasunori, Fujiwara, Sayaka, Haga, Nobuhiko, Ikemura, Masako, Saito, Taku, Tanaka, Sakae, and Matsumoto, Takumi
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- 2024
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18. Not all threats are equal: symbolic and realistic threats and the deployment of parent-country nationals
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Yao, Fiona Kun, Yang, Jing Yu, Chang, Song, and Lu, Jane Wenzhen
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- 2023
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19. Methotrexate is associated with decreased total thyroxine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
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Chen, Shu-Lin, Xu, Qiang, and Lin, Chang-Song
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- 2023
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20. Size-dependent free vibration of piezoelectric semiconductor plate
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He, Qi-lin, Zhu, Chang-song, Han, Bao-hong, Fang, Xue-qian, and Liu, Jin-xi
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- 2023
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21. Optimal Differential Control for Accurate Positioning of Medical Electronic Wristband
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Wei Li, Xeu-qin Meng, and Chang-song Ma
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convergence ,differential evolution algorithm ,electronic wristbands ,fitness function ,LORA communication ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
In this paper, an improved differential evolution algorithm is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy of electronic wristband system. The wristband system is composed of STM32F103 microcontroller, Beidou positioning module, LORA communication module and so on. In the traditional differential evolution algorithm, premature convergence to local optimal will reduce the accuracy of the algorithm. To solve this problem, the method introduces the distance information between known and unknown points and between all unknown points in the fitness function and overall initialization. This reduces the premature convergence of the algorithm and improves the optimization ability of the algorithm. Experimental results using the CICDDoS2019 dataset show that the localization accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved by 7.6% compared with traditional differential evolution. The method also has good stability. This provides an effective way to improve the positioning accuracy of the wristband, which can be used for applications such as patient monitoring.
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- 2024
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22. Multi-Environment Adaptive Fast Constant False Alarm Detection Algorithm Optimization Strategy
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Wei Li, Qian Wang, Yuan-shuai Lan, and Chang-song Ma
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data set ,ESVI-CFAR ,false alarm probability ,noise ,VI-CFAR ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
It takes a long time to detect target information in noisy radar information and reduce the probability of false alarm. Therefore, it has become a research direction to reduce the probability of false alarm and the time of effective target detection. This paper introduces a new method to reduce the occurrence of false alarm in non-uniform environment and improve the efficiency of target detection. The proposed method involves a faster and more stable method that involves preprocessing the data set, splitting it into smaller parts, and utilizing a KTH minimum value M determined by an ordered statistics class constant false alarm detection algorithm. Each data point in the small segment is then compared to M, anything above M is classified as a target, and anything below M is ignored as clutter. Then ESVI-CFAR detection was performed on the selected target to obtain the final detection result. Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional VI-CFAR and has better target detection performance.
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- 2024
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23. Triosephosphate isomerase 1 may be a risk predictor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-centered study integrating bulk RNA, single-cell RNA, and protein immunohistochemistry
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Jian-Di Li, Yi Chen, Shu-Wen Jing, Li-Ting Wang, Yu-Hong Zhou, Zhi-Su Liu, Chang Song, Da-Zhi Li, Hai-Quan Wang, Zhi-Guang Huang, Yi-Wu Dang, Gang Chen, and Jia-Yuan Luo
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LSCC ,TPI1 ,Clinicopathological significance ,Tumor immune microenvironment ,scRNA-seq ,hdWGCNA ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Although great progress has been made in anti-cancer therapy, the prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients remains unsatisfied. Quantities of studies demonstrate that glycolytic reprograming is essential for the progression of cancers, where triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1) serves as a catalytic enzyme. However, the clinicopathological significance and potential biological functions of TPI1 underlying LSCC remains obscure. Methods We collected in-house 82 LSCC tissue specimens and 56 non-tumor tissue specimens. Tissue microarrays (TMA) and immunohistochemical (IHC) experiments were performed. External LSCC microarrays and bulk RNA sequencing data were integrated to evaluate the expression of TPI1. We used a log-rank test and the CIBERSORT algorithm to assess the prognostic value of TPI1 and its association with the LSCC microenvironment. Malignant laryngeal epithelial cells and immune-stromal cells were identified using inferCNV and CellTypist. We conducted a comprehensive analysis to elucidate the molecular functions of TPI1 in LSCC tissue and single cells using Pearson correlation analysis, high dimensional weighted gene co-expression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) screen. We explored intercellular communication patterns between LSCC single cells and immune-stromal cells and predicted several therapeutic agents targeting TPI1. Results Based on the in-house TMA and IHC analysis, TPI1 protein was found to have a strong positive expression in the nucleus of LSCC cells but only weakly positive activity in the cytoplasm of normal laryngeal cells (p
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- 2023
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24. Light Field Raindrop Removal via 4D Re-sampling
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Jing, Dong, Zhang, Shuo, Chang, Song, and Lin, Youfang
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing - Abstract
The Light Field Raindrop Removal (LFRR) aims to restore the background areas obscured by raindrops in the Light Field (LF). Compared with single image, the LF provides more abundant information by regularly and densely sampling the scene. Since raindrops have larger disparities than the background in the LF, the majority of texture details occluded by raindrops are visible in other views. In this paper, we propose a novel LFRR network by directly utilizing the complementary pixel information of raindrop-free areas in the input raindrop LF, which consists of the re-sampling module and the refinement module. Specifically, the re-sampling module generates a new LF which is less polluted by raindrops through re-sampling position predictions and the proposed 4D interpolation. The refinement module improves the restoration of the completely occluded background areas and corrects the pixel error caused by 4D interpolation. Furthermore, we carefully build the first real scene LFRR dataset for model training and validation. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively remove raindrops and achieves state-of-the-art performance in both background restoration and view consistency maintenance.
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- 2022
25. Promoting ordering degree of intermetallic fuel cell catalysts by low-melting-point metal doping
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Shao, Ru-Yang, Xu, Xiao-Chu, Zhou, Zhen-Hua, Zeng, Wei-Jie, Song, Tian-Wei, Yin, Peng, Li, Ang, Ma, Chang-Song, Tong, Lei, Kong, Yuan, and Liang, Hai-Wei
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- 2023
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26. Molecular and physiological mechanisms of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) leaf and root in response to nitrogen deficiency
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Lin, Zheng-He, Chen, Chang-Song, Zhao, Shui-Qing, Liu, Yuan, Zhong, Qiu-Sheng, Ruan, Qi-Chun, Chen, Zhi-Hui, You, Xiao-Mei, Shan, Rui-Yang, Li, Xin-Lei, and Zhang, Ya-Zhen
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- 2023
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27. Risk of dyslipidemia and major adverse cardiac events with tofacitinib versus adalimumab in rheumatoid arthritis: a real-world cohort study from 7580 patients
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Xiao-Na Ma, Mei-Feng Shi, Shiow-Ing Wang, Wei Feng, Shu-Lin Chen, Xiao-Qin Zhong, Qing-Ping Liu, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Chang-Song Lin, and Qiang Xu
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tofacitinib ,adalimumab ,lipidemias ,risk factors ,TriNetX ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
ObjectiveTo compare the effects of tofacitinib and adalimumab on the risk of adverse lipidaemia outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsData of adult patients newly diagnosed with RA who were treated with tofacitinib or adalimumab at least twice during a 3-year period from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020, were enrolled in the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Patient demographics, comorbidities, medications, and laboratory data were matched by propensity score at baseline. Outcome measurements include incidental risk of dyslipidemia, major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all-cause mortality.ResultsA total of 7,580 newly diagnosed patients with RA (1998 receiving tofacitinib, 5,582 receiving adalimumab) were screened. After propensity score matching, the risk of dyslipidaemia outcomes were higher in the tofacitinib cohort, compared with adalimumab cohort (hazard ratio [HR] with 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.250 [1.076–1.453]). However, there is no statistically significant differences between two cohorts on MACE (HR, 0.995 [0.760–1.303]) and all-cause mortality (HR, 1.402 [0.887–2.215]).ConclusionTofacitinib use in patients with RA may increase the risk of dyslipidaemia to some extent compared to adalimumab. However, there is no differences on MACE and all-cause mortality.
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- 2024
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28. Real-time polymerase chain reaction detection and surgical treatment of thoracic and lumbar spondylitis due to Brucella infection: two typical case reports
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Bo Liu, Yun-xiao Ji, Chang-song Zhao, and Qiang Zhang
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real-time PCR ,surgery treatment ,foraminal endoscopy ,Gram staining ,Brucellosis ,brucellosis spondylitis ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundSpondylitis caused by Brucella infection is a rare but challenging condition, and its successful management depends on timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This study reports two typical cases of thoracic and lumbar brucellosis spondylitis, highlighting the pivotal roles of real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) detection and surgical intervention.Case presentationCase 1 involved a 49-year-old male shepherd who presented with a 6-month history of fever (40°C), severe chest and back pain, and 2-week limited lower limb movement with night-time exacerbation. Physical examination revealed tenderness and percussion pain over the T9 and T10 spinous processes, with grade 2 muscle strength in the lower limbs. CT showed bone destruction of the T9 and T10 vertebrae with narrowing of the intervertebral space, whereas MRI demonstrated abnormal signals in the T9–T10 vertebrae, a spinal canal abscess, and spinal cord compression. The Rose Bengal plate agglutination test was positive. Case 2 was a 59-year-old man who complained of severe thoracolumbar back pain with fever (39.0°C) and limited walking for 2 months. He had a 2.5 kg weight loss and a history of close contact with sheep. The Rose Bengal test was positive, and the MRI showed inflammatory changes in the L1 and L2 vertebrae. Diagnosis and treatment: real-time PCR confirmed Brucella infection in both cases. Preoperative antimicrobial therapy with doxycycline, rifampicin, and ceftazidime-sulbactam was administered for at least 2 weeks. Surgical management involved intervertebral foraminotomy-assisted debridement, decompression, internal fixation, and bone grafting under general anesthesia. Postoperative histopathological examination with HE and Gram staining further substantiated the diagnosis. Outcomes: both patients experienced significant pain relief and restored normal lower limb movement at the last follow-up (4–12 weeks) after the intervention.ConclusionReal-time PCR detection offers valuable diagnostic insights for suspected cases of brucellosis spondylitis. Surgical treatment helps in infection control, decompression of the spinal cord, and restoration of stability, constituting a necessary and effective therapeutic approach. Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive management are crucial for favorable outcomes in such cases.
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- 2024
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29. Genetic or pharmacologic blockade of mPGES-2 attenuates renal lipotoxicity and diabetic kidney disease by targeting Rev-Erbα/FABP5 signaling
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Dandan Zhong, Jingshuo Chen, Ranran Qiao, Chang Song, Chang Hao, Yingying Zou, Mi Bai, Wen Su, Baoxue Yang, Dong Sun, Zhanjun Jia, and Ying Sun
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CP: Metabolism ,CP: Molecular biology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, and no specific drugs are clinically available. We have previously demonstrated that inhibiting microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 (mPGES-2) alleviated type 2 diabetes by enhancing β cell function and promoting insulin production. However, the involvement of mPGES-2 in DKD remains unclear. Here, we aimed to analyze the association of enhanced mPGES-2 expression with impaired metabolic homeostasis of renal lipids and subsequent renal damage. Notably, global knockout or pharmacological blockage of mPGES-2 attenuated diabetic podocyte injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, thereby ameliorating lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity. These findings were further confirmed in podocyte- or tubule-specific mPGES-2-deficient mice. Mechanistically, mPGES-2 and Rev-Erbα competed for heme binding to regulate fatty acid binding protein 5 expression and lipid metabolism in the diabetic kidney. Our findings suggest a potential strategy for treating DKD via mPGES-2 inhibition.
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- 2024
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30. Parathyroid hormone-related protein as a potential prostate cancer biomarker: Promoting prostate cancer progression through upregulation of c-Met expression
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Yan Zhao, Zhen-Yu Fu, Han-Yong Feng, Yu-Hao Peng, Zhi-Xiang Yin, Jing-Yi Cao, and Chang-Song Pei
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Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) ,mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) ,clinicopathological parameter ,prostate cancer ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) plays a significant role in various tumor types, including prostate cancer. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in prostate cancer remain unclear. This study investigates the role of PTHrP and its interaction with the c-Met in prostate cancer. PTHrP was overexpressed and knocked down in prostate cancer cell lines to determine its effect on cell functions. Xenograft tumor models were employed to assess the impact of PTHrP overexpression on tumor growth. To delve into the interaction between PTHrP and c-Met, rescue experiments were conducted. Clinical data and tissue samples from prostate cancer patients were gathered and analyzed for PTHrP and c-Met expression. PTHrP overexpression in prostate cancer cells upregulates c-Met expression and augments cell functions. In contrast, PTHrP-knockdown diminishes c-Met expression and inhibits cell functions. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that PTHrP overexpression promoted tumor growth in xenograft models.Moreover, modulating c-Met expression in rescue experiments led to concurrent alterations in prostate cancer cell functions. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples displayed a significant positive correlation between PTHrP and c-Met expression. Additionally, PTHrP expression correlated with clinical parameters like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, tumor stage, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and Gleason score. PTHrP plays a crucial role in prostate cancer progression by upregulating c-Met expression. These insights point to PTHrP as a promising potential biomarker for prostate cancer.
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- 2024
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31. Pathwise Blowup of space-time fractional SPDEs
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Deng, Chang-Song, Liu, Wei, and Nane, Erkan
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Mathematics - Probability ,60H15 - Abstract
The finite time blowup in the almost sure sense of a class of space-time fractional stochastic partial differential equations is discussed. Both the cases of white noise and colored noise are considered. The sufficient and necessary condition between the blowup and Osgood condition is obtained when the spatial domain is bounded. And the sufficient condition for the blowup is obtained when the spatial domain is the whole space. The results in this paper could be regarded as extensions to some results in Foondun and Nualart, 2021., Comment: 12 pages
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- 2022
32. Glucan polysaccharides isolated from Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka mushroom: Structural characterization and in vitro bioactivities
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Yang, Qiao, Chang, Song-Lin, Tian, Yi-Ming, Li, Wang, and Ren, Jia-Li
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- 2024
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33. Complete chloroplast genome of Adonis pseudoamurensis W.T.Wang (Ranunculaceae)
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Xiao-Yan Zhang, Zhao-Lei Zhang, Li-Qiu Zhang, Li-Fan Zhang, Jun-Yi Zhu, and Chang-Song Xue
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adonis pseudoamurensis ,complete chloroplast genome ,phylogenetic analysis ,ranunculaceae ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Adonis pseudoamurensis W.T. Wang 1980 is an important traditional medicinal plant used for the treatment of cardiac diseases. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Adonis pseudoamurensis is reported for the first time in this study. The circular cp genome is 156,917 bp in length, consisting of a large single-copy region (86,262 bp), a small single-copy region (18,067 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (26,294 bp). The genome encodes 129 genes, comprising 84 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that A. pseudoamurensis is closely related to A. amurensis.
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- 2023
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34. Promoting ordering degree of intermetallic fuel cell catalysts by low-melting-point metal doping
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Ru-Yang Shao, Xiao-Chu Xu, Zhen-Hua Zhou, Wei-Jie Zeng, Tian-Wei Song, Peng Yin, Ang Li, Chang-Song Ma, Lei Tong, Yuan Kong, and Hai-Wei Liang
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract Carbon supported intermetallic compound nanoparticles with high activity and stability are promising cathodic catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. However, the synthesis of intermetallic catalysts suffers from large diffusion barrier for atom ordering, resulting in low ordering degree and limited performance. We demonstrate a low-melting-point metal doping strategy for the synthesis of highly ordered L10-type M-doped PtCo (M = Ga, Pb, Sb, Cu) intermetallic catalysts. We find that the ordering degree of the M-doped PtCo catalysts increases with the decrease of melting point of M. Theoretic studies reveal that the low-melting-point metal doping can decrease the energy barrier for atom diffusion. The prepared highly ordered Ga-doped PtCo catalyst exhibits a large mass activity of 1.07 A mgPt −1 at 0.9 V in H2-O2 fuel cells and a rated power density of 1.05 W cm−2 in H2-air fuel cells, with a Pt loading of 0.075 mgPt cm−2.
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- 2023
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35. Carbon blessing or carbon curse? The role of fiscal policy
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Lee, Chien-Chiang, Du, Lixia, and Wang, Chang-song
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- 2024
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36. A bibliometric analysis of the research status and trends in studies on polymyositis and dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease from 2000 to 2022 using Web of Science
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Xiao‐Na Ma, Wei Feng, Shu‐Lin Chen, Xiao‐Qin Zhong, Xue‐Xia Zheng, Chang‐Song Lin, and Qiang Xu
- Subjects
bibliometric analysis ,hotspots ,interstitial lung disease ,polymyositis/dermatomyositis ,research trend ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Abstract Background The main subtypes of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs)—polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM)—are often presented as interstitial lung disease (ILD) in clinical practice; therefore, many researchers have combined the three studies into PM/DM with ILD. Methods Using bibliometrics, the research status, progress, and hotspots of PM/DM with ILD between 2000 and 2022 were studied. Literature data on PM/DM with ILD were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database for the research period. Visualization software, including VOSviewer, Pajek, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica were used for bibliometric analysis. Results A total of 1555 relevant articles were obtained, and the overall research in this field showed an increasing trend. Regarding contributing countries and venues, Japan published the most articles while Rheumatology was the most prolific journal. Regarding authors, the most published article was by Wang Guochun from Changchun University of Technology in China. Keyword analysis and cocited literature cluster analysis showed that diagnosis, classification, autoantibodies, antibodies, prognosis, complications, and treatment of PM/DM with ILD have been hot topics in this field recently. Moreover, our study shows that anti‐mda5 antibody, mortality, gene 5 antibody, IIMs, double‐blind, and prognostic factors, among others, may be new hot topics. Conclusion This study found that research on PM/DM with ILD has increased over time, and scholars are paying more attention to this field. The development of new drugs for the management, treatment, and prevention of PM/DM with ILD is the primary task of researchers and a direction for future research in this field.
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- 2024
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37. Historical context, process, and development trends of pediatric thyroid cancer research: a bibliometric analysis
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Chang Song, Jia-Yuan Luo, Yu-Yan Pang, Rong-Quan He, Xiao-Jiao Li, Gang Chen, Chun-Yan Zhao, Ning Qu, Yan-Mei Chen, Li Yang, Bi-Qi Li, and Lin Shi
- Subjects
childhood thyroid cancer ,bibliometrics ,radiation exposure ,genetic mutations ,molecular targets ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
ObjectiveAt present, the structure of knowledge in the field of childhood thyroid cancer is not clear enough, and scholars lack a sufficient understanding of the developing trends in this field, which has led to a shortage of forward-looking outputs. The purpose of this research is to help scholars construct a complete knowledge framework and identify current challenges, opportunities, and development trends.MethodsWe searched the literature in the Web of Science Core Collection database on August 7, 2023 and extracted key information from the top 100 most cited articles, such as the countries, institutions, authors, themes, and keywords. We used bibliometric tools such as bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace for a visualization analysis and Excel for statistical descriptions.ResultsThe top 100 most cited articles fluctuated over time, and the research was concentrated in European countries, the United States, and Japan, among which scientific research institutions and scholars from the United States made outstanding contributions. Keyword analysis revealed that research has shifted from simple treatment methods for pediatric thyroid cancer (total thyroidectomy) and inducing factors (the Chernobyl power station accident) to the clinical applications of genetic mutations (such as the BRAF and RET genes) and larger-scale genetic changes (mutation studies of the DICER1 gene). The thematic strategy analysis showed an increasing trend towards the popularity of fusion oncogenes, while the popularity of research on traditional treatments and diagnostics has gradually declined.ConclusionExtensive research has been conducted on the basic problems of pediatric thyroid cancer, and there has been significant outputs in the follow-up and cohort analysis of conventional diagnostic and treatment methods. However, these methods still have certain limitations. Therefore, scholars should focus on exploring fusion genes, the clinical applications of molecular targets, and novel treatment methods. This study provides a strong reference for scholars in this field.
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- 2024
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38. Metabolic improvements of novel microbial fermentation on black tea by Eurotium cristatum
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Xiu-ping Wang, Rui-yang Shan, Zhao-long Li, Xiang-rui Kong, Ruo-ting Hou, Hui-ni Wu, and Chang-song Chen
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Eurotium cristatum ,black tea ,fermentation ,microorganisms ,metabolites ,interactions ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Due to its traditional fermentation, there are obvious limits on the quality improvements in black tea. However, microbial fermentation can provide an abundance of metabolites and improve the flavor of tea. The “golden flower” fungi are widely used in the microbial fermentation of tea and has unique uses in healthcare. To further explore the improvements in black tea quality achieved via microbial fermentation, we used widely targeted metabolomics and metagenomics analyses to investigate the changes in and effects of metabolites and other microorganisms during the interaction between the “golden flower” fungi and black tea. Five key flavor metabolites were detected, the levels of catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin gallate were decreased by different degrees after the inoculation of the “golden flower” fungus, whereas the levels of caffeine and (+)-gallocatechin increased. Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes, Aspergillaceae, Trichocomaceae, and Lecanoromycetes play a positive role in the black tea fermentation process after inoculation with the “golden flower” fungi. D-Ribose can prevent hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cardiac cells, and it shows a strong correlation with Botryosphaeriaceae and Botryosphaeriales. The interaction between microorganisms and metabolites is manifested in tryptophan metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. In conclusion, the changes in metabolites observed during the fermentation of black tea by “golden flower” fungi are beneficial to human health. This conclusion extends the knowledge of the interaction between the “golden flower” fungi and black tea, and it provides important information for improving the quality of black tea.
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- 2023
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39. The consensus guideline of perioperative antiviral therapy for AIDS patients in China based on clinical practice
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Rui Ma, Qiang Zhang, Chang song Zhao, Rugang Zhao, Yao Zhang, Yao shen Zhang, Yong Hai, Guo Wei, Yu Pu, Li qiang Hu, Yanzheng Song, Yu Zhang, Bo yong Hu, and Shijie Xin
- Subjects
human immunodeficiency virus ,perioperative period ,antiretroviral therapy regimen ,viral load ,expert consensus ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has emerged as a major public health concern in China. When patients with HIV infection undergo surgical treatment, there are two main challenges. Firstly, medical staff face a high risk of HIV infection due to occupational exposure. Secondly, the patient’s immune function is impaired, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections and postoperative complications. The surgical treatment of such patients is unique, and the risk of occupational exposure during the operation primarily depends upon the viral load of HIV/AIDS patients. Therefore, perioperative antiretroviral therapy is of paramount importance in order to standardize the perioperative antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS patients. The Surgery Group of the Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control, in collaboration with the Treatment Association, and Surgery Group of the Chinese Medical Association of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, has developed an expert consensus on perioperative antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS patients. This consensus encompasses various aspects, including surgical risk assessment, selection of perioperative antiretroviral therapy regimens, prevention of opportunistic infections, and the crucial focus on rapid preoperative viral load reduction and immune function reconstruction for HIV/AIDS patients.
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- 2023
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40. Enhancing androgen ablation response in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: the benefits of transurethral resection of the prostate
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Yan Zhao, Jie Liang, Qian Wang, Jing-Yi Cao, Zhi-Xiang Yin, Han-Yong Feng, Yu-Hao Peng, Nian-Xin Gai, and Chang-Song Pei
- Subjects
metastasis prostate cancer ,hormone sensitive ,transurethral resection of the prostate ,progression-free survival ,time to castration resistance ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Presently, there is limited data on the potential survival benefits of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPCa). In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of TURP on the survival of mHSPCa patients. Of the 59 patients diagnosed with mHSPCa included, 28 received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone, and the remaining received TURP plus ADT. Their time to biochemical progression (TBCP) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Our results showed that for a median follow-up time of 15 (range, 3–40) months and 21 (range, 6–39) months for the ADT group and the TURP group, respectively, the TURP group exhibited significantly longer TBCP than the ADT group (p = 0.020). In addition, patients in the TURP group had numerically longer PFS, although the difference between the two groups was not significantly different (p = 0.110). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that longer TBCP was independently associated with TURP (p = 0.032) and lower Gleason scores (p = 0.001). Altogether this study showed that TURP could prolong TBCP and potentially improve the PFS of mHSPCa patients. However, further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings.
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- 2023
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41. Test and damage assessment of shallow buried RC tunnel under explosion
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Zhou, Longyun, Li, Xiaojun, Yan, Qiushi, Li, Shutao, Chang, Song, and Ren, Pengcheng
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- 2024
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42. Leonurine alleviates rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the Hippo signaling pathway
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Ma, Xiao-Na, Feng, Wei, Li, Nan, Chen, Shu-Lin, Zhong, Xiao-Qin, Chen, Jia-Xu, Lin, Chang-Song, and Xu, Qiang
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- 2024
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43. Jasmonates Play an Important Role in Differential Accumulation of Key Oolong Tea Aromas in Two Tea Varieties (Camellia sinensis)
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Xin-Lei Li, Hui-Li Deng, Yu-Cheng Zheng, Xiang-Rui Kong, Qiu-Sheng Zhong, Xiao-Mei You, Rui-Yang Shan, Zheng-He Lin, Zhi-Hui Chen, and Chang-Song Chen
- Subjects
aroma metabolism ,different tea varieties ,jasmonates ,mechanical stress ,transcriptomics ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Aroma is an important factor in the measurement of the quality and market value of oolong tea. However, it is hard to develop an oolong tea with good aroma quality using unsuitable tea varieties. To explore the key factors of tea varieties in the formation of oolong tea aromas, the fresh leaves of the Chungui variety (CG, suitable for oolong tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and the Fuyun No. 6 variety (F6, unsuitable for oolong tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) were harvested and treated by withering and mechanical stress in order. Then, aroma, transcriptome, and jasmonate (JA) contents, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), of samples were investigated. The contents of characteristic oolong tea aromas, including indole, (E)-β-ocimene, (E)-nerolidol, α-farnesene, and jasmine lactone, were all accumulated in much higher quantities in the CG variety after withering and mechanical stress. Accordingly, the coding genes of aroma formation synthases TSB2, OCS, NES, AFS, and LOX1, and related genes in MVA, MEP, and ALA pathways, were all much more highly activated. These differential reactions are mainly caused by the higher accumulation of jasmonates, especially methyl jasmonate, a type of important plant signal chemical, in CG after mechanical stress. WGCNA analysis indicated 34 different transcription factors from different families are predicted to be involved in this jasmonate-responsive reaction.
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- 2024
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44. HBV and HCV Co-Infection in Chinese Newly Diagnosed HIV+ Subjects in 2015 and 2023: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Fangyuan Li, Yi Feng, Xiu Liu, Jingjing Hao, Dong Wang, Hongping Hu, Chang Song, Jing Hu, Quanbi Zhao, Hua Liang, Lingjie Liao, Yuhua Ruan, and Hui Xing
- Subjects
HIV ,HBV ,HCV ,infection route ,co-infection ,Medicine - Abstract
With shared routes of transmission, HBV and HCV co-infection are estimated to occur more in subjects with HIV. This study aimed to characterize and describe the prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infections in a cohort of newly diagnosed HIV+ subjects living in China. We conducted a cross-sectional study among newly diagnosed HIV+ subjects aged 18–100 who participated in surveys on the national HIV molecular epidemiology in 2015 and 2023. (The epidemiological table survey is located in the national database alongside serologic testing). The chi-square test was used to identify changes in infections between the studying populations in 2015 and 2023, and conditional logistic regression models were fit to identify risk factors for each co-infection. Among the 11,024 newly diagnosed HIV+ subjects who were surveyed (n = 4501 in 2015; n = 6523 in 2023), the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV in 2023 was lower than that in 2015, respectively. No decrease was observed in HCV co-infection in men who had sex with men (MSM) in North China, Northeast China, and East China. Increasing recognition among those at high risk of heterosexual transmission and those with low educational backgrounds is paramount to the prevention and control of HIV/HBV/HCV infections.
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- 2024
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45. CoMnOx Nanoflower-Based Smartphone Sensing Platform and Virtual Reality Display for Colorimetric Detection of Ziram and Cu2+
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Chang Song, Fangfang Wang, Xin Zhang, Yuanxia Ma, Yangyu Wu, Mingxia He, Xiangheng Niu, and Mengmeng Sun
- Subjects
cobalt manganese oxide ,oxidase-like activity ,ziram ,Cu2+ ,intelligent detection ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Transition metal doping is an ideal strategy to construct multifunctional and efficient nanozymes for biosensing. In this work, a metal-doped CoMnOx nanozyme was designed and synthesized by hydrothermal reaction and high-temperature calcination. Based on its oxidase activity, an “on-off-on” smartphone sensing platform was established to detect ziram and Cu2+. The obtained flower-shaped CoMnOx could exhibit oxidase-, catalase-, and laccase-like activities. The oxidase activity mechanism of CoMnOx was deeply explored. O2 molecules adsorbed on the surface of CoMnOx were activated to produce a large amount of O2·-, and then, O2·- could extract acidic hydrogen from TMB to produce blue oxTMB. Meanwhile, TMB was oxidized directly to the blue product oxTMB via the high redox ability of Co species. According to the excellent oxidase-like activity of CoMnOx, a versatile colorimetric detection platform for ziram and Cu2+ was successfully constructed. The linear detection ranges for ziram and Cu2+ were 5~280 μM and 80~360 μM, and the detection limits were 1.475 μM and 3.906 μM, respectively. In addition, a portable smartphone platform for ziram and Cu2+ sensing was established for instant analysis, showing great application promise in the detection of real samples including environmental soil and water.
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- 2024
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46. How does green finance affect energy efficiency? The role of green technology innovation and energy structure
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Lee, Chien-Chiang, Wang, Chang-song, He, Zhiwen, Xing, Wen-wu, and Wang, Keying
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- 2023
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47. Multi-Dimension Fusion Network for Light Field Spatial Super-Resolution using Dynamic Filters
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Sun, Qingyan, Zhang, Shuo, Chang, Song, Zhu, Lixi, and Lin, Youfang
- Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Light field cameras have been proved to be powerful tools for 3D reconstruction and virtual reality applications. However, the limited resolution of light field images brings a lot of difficulties for further information display and extraction. In this paper, we introduce a novel learning-based framework to improve the spatial resolution of light fields. First, features from different dimensions are parallelly extracted and fused together in our multi-dimension fusion architecture. These features are then used to generate dynamic filters, which extract subpixel information from micro-lens images and also implicitly consider the disparity information. Finally, more high-frequency details learned in the residual branch are added to the upsampled images and the final super-resolved light fields are obtained. Experimental results show that the proposed method uses fewer parameters but achieves better performances than other state-of-the-art methods in various kinds of datasets. Our reconstructed images also show sharp details and distinct lines in both sub-aperture images and epipolar plane images.
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- 2020
48. Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance and the Molecular Transmission Network Among HIV-Positive Individuals in China in 2022: Multicenter Observational Study
- Author
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Hongli Chen, Jingjing Hao, Jing Hu, Chang Song, Yesheng Zhou, Miaomiao Li, Jin Chen, Xiu Liu, Dong Wang, Xiaoshan Xu, Peixian Xin, Jiaxin Zhang, Lingjie Liao, Yi Feng, Dan Li, Stephen W Pan, Yiming Shao, Yuhua Ruan, and Hui Xing
- Subjects
Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundEmerging HIV drug resistance caused by increased usage of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) could jeopardize the success of standardized HIV management protocols in resource-limited settings. ObjectiveWe aimed to characterize pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) among HIV-positive individuals and risk factors in China in 2022. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using 2-stage systematic sampling according to the World Health Organization’s surveillance guidelines in 8 provincial-level administrative divisions in 2022. Demographic information and plasma samples were obtained from study participants. PDR was analyzed using the Stanford HIV drug resistance database, and the Tamura-Nei 93 model in HIV-TRACE was used to calculate pairwise matches with a genetic distance of 0.01 substitutions per site. Logistic regression was used to identify and estimate factors associated with PDR. ResultsPDR testing was conducted on 2568 participants in 2022. Of the participants, 34.8% (n=893) were aged 30-49 years, 81.4% (n=2091) were male, and 3.2% (n=81) had prior ARV exposure. The prevalence of PDR to protease and reverse transcriptase regions, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors were 7.4% (n=190), 6.3% (n=163), 1.2% (n=32), and 0.2% (n=5), respectively. Yunnan, Jilin, and Zhejiang had much higher PDR incidence than did Sichuan. The prevalence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–related drug resistance was 6.1% (n=157) for efavirenz and 6.3% (n=163) for nevirapine. Multivariable logistic regression models indicated that participants who had prior ARV exposure (odds ratio [OR] 7.45, 95% CI 4.50-12.34) and the CRF55_01B HIV subtype (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.41-4.83) were significantly associated with PDR. Among 618 (24.2%) sequences (nodes) associated with 253 molecular transmission clusters (size range 2-13), drug resistance mutation sites included K103, E138, V179, P225, V106, V108, L210, T215, P225, K238, and A98. ConclusionsThe overall prevalence of PDR in China in 2022 was modest. Targeted genotypic PDR testing and medication compliance interventions must be urgently expanded to address PDR among newly diagnosed people living with HIV in China.
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- 2023
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49. PD-1 blockade and radiotherapy combination for advanced Epstein-Barr virus-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and literature review
- Author
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Chun-Xu Liao, Chang-Song Deng, Xia Liang, Jian-Chuan Yang, Zhi-Zhong Chen, Xiao-Ying Lin, Cai-Feng Lin, Shen Chen, and Song-Song Wu
- Subjects
Epstein-Barr virus ,intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma ,immunotherapy ,radiotherapy ,complete remission ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare malignant tumor of biliary epithelial cells, known for its extremely unfavorable prognosis. In the absence of intervention, patients typically survive for less than 5 months. Current guidelines from the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommend chemotherapy-based systemic therapy as the standard treatment for advanced ICC. However, the first-line regimen, consisting of gemcitabine in combination with cisplatin, generally results in a median survival of approximately one year, which is considered suboptimal. Significant progress has been made in radiotherapy techniques, molecular diagnostics, and tumor immune microenvironments. The integration of immune and radiation therapies has revolutionized treatment strategies for cholangiocarcinoma. Moreover, combined therapeutic regimens have shown promising results in improving survival rates among patients with advanced ICC. In this study, we present a case report of a 70-year-old male patient diagnosed with stage IV ICC, featuring metastases to the retroperitoneal, left adrenal, and left supraclavicular lymph nodes. The patient exhibited a high tumor mutational load, significant microsatellite instability, and hyper-expression of PD-L1 (90%), along with positive Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER). Pembrolizumab, a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, was administered in conjunction with radiotherapy. As a result, considerable shrinkage and inactivation of the primary foci were observed, accompanied by the disappearance of metastases. Ultimately, the patient achieved complete remission and maintained progression-free survival for 41 months following the initial treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the longest case of complete remission using a combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy as a first-line regimen for the high tumor mutational load, microsatellite instability, and PD-L1 expression (90%) subtype of Epstein-Barr virus-associated ICC (EBVaICC). These findings suggest that the combination of PD-1 inhibitors with radiotherapy may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating this particular cancer subtype.
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- 2023
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50. Effect of 5 MeV Au3+ ions irradiation damage on surface blistering and deuterium retention behaviors in W and W-ZrC alloy
- Author
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Xue-Xi Zhang, Li Qiao, Hong Zhang, En-Gang Fu, Peng Wang, and Chang-Song Liu
- Subjects
W-ZrC alloy ,Heavy ions irradiation ,D plasma ,Surface blistering ,D retention ,Nuclear engineering. Atomic power ,TK9001-9401 - Abstract
The effects of 5 MeV Au3+ ions irradiation damage on surface blistering and deuterium (D) retention behaviors in tungsten (W) and W-0.5 wt% ZrC alloy (WZC) have been studied after exposure to a low energy (38 eV D-1) D plasma under the fluence of ∼1 × 1025 D m−2 at about 400 K. It is found that Au3+ ions irradiation significantly reduces the surface density of blisters for both W and WZC. However, the size of blisters becomes larger due to Au3+ ions irradiation. With increasing dpa, the surface density and average size of blisters on the surface of the WZC noticeably decrease. In the case of the W, the average size of blisters also decreases with dpa, but the surface density of blisters changes less. Most of the D (>60%) are trapped at the depth less than ∼3.5 µm and the D concentration increases with dpa for both WZC and W. Compared to W, the D concentration in the sub-surface region of WZC is higher at the same damage level. For both W and WZC, a new high-temperature desorption peak appears at ∼800 K, which is ascribed to the D trapping at vacancy-type defects induced by Au3+ ions irradiation. The D retention in both samples increases with dpa and saturates at a damage level between ∼0.4–1.7 dpa. The growth rate of D retention caused by ion irradiation damage in WZC is less than that in W, while the D retention in WZC is slightly higher than that in W.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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