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Objective To deposit degradable amino-hybrid mesoporous silica (AHMS) in situ on the surface of titanium nanotube (TNT) and explore its protective effect on nanomorphology and osteogenesis. Methods TNT and TNT@AHMS were sequentially prepared via an anodizing method: the oil-water two-phase method (experimental group) and the acid-etched titanium method [control group (Ti)]. The parameters for synthesis were explored by changing the silicon source dosage ratio (3∶1, 1∶1, 1∶3); the surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM), hydrophilicity was detected by Water Contact Angle Tester, elemental composition was detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); nanoindentation test and ultrasonic oscillator were used to observe the morphological holding effect as mechanical strength of TNT@AHMS in vitro; simulated immersion experiments in vitro was used to observe the degradation behavior of the material. the MC3T3-E1 cell line was used to observe the effect of cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation on the material; and an SD rat femoral implant model and micro-CT were used to verify the protective effect and osseointegration effect of AHMS on TNT morphology. Results The morphologies of TNT and TNT@AHMS were successfully prepared, and the silicon source ratio was 1:3. SEM showed that the titanium nanotubes were uniformly covered with AHMS coating, and the mesoporous pore size was about 4 nm. After AHMS was incorporated, the surface of the material was hydrophilic (12.78°), the presence of amino groups (NH2-) was detected, the material was completely degraded within 12 h in vitro, and the active morphology of the TNT was re-exposed with a cumulative silicon release of 10 ppm. Nanoindentation test showed that TNT@AHMS exhibited more ideal surface mechanical strength. SEM revealed that TNT maintains its own morphology under the protection of AHMS, and the TNT group suffered severe exfoliation. In addition, the early adhesion and proliferation rates, ALP activity, and bone volume fraction of cells on the TNT@AHMS surface 4 weeks after implantation were significantly higher than those in the TNT group. Conclusion By depositing AHMS on the surface of TNT, the nanotopography can be protected. It not only prevents the active base topography from exerting subsequent biological effects but also further endows the material with the ability to promote bone regeneration, laying a foundation for the future development of nanotopography-modified titanium implants.

Background: Patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) often experience persistent pain and functional impairment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which presents challenges for pain management. Accurate preoperative assessment of pain characteristics is crucial for tailoring individualized treatment plans. The PainDETECT Questionnaire has been widely used to identify neuropathic components in chronic pain and has been validated for its reliability and validity across various cultural contexts. However, a culturally adapted version tailored to Chinese patients is currently lacking. This study aims to translate and culturally adapt PainDETECT for Chinese patients and evaluate its validity in TKA patients in China. Methods: This study followed international guidelines to translate and adapt the PainDETECT Questionnaire (PDQ) into Chinese (PDQ-CV). A cohort of 241 knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients completed the PDQ-CV, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5 L), and Central Sensitization Inventory Chinese Version (CSI-CV). We assessed internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct and structural validity were evaluated through Pearson correlations and factor analyses. Results: The PDQ-CV demonstrated good acceptability among KOA patients, with no floor or ceiling effects observed. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = 0.896), and test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.994; 95% CI: 0.943–1.045). The PDQ-CV total score showed significant positive correlations with WOMAC (r = 0.589, P < 0.01), EQ-5D-5 L (r = 0.533, P < 0.01), and CSI-CV (r = 0.776, P < 0.01). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) extracted two primary factors, corresponding to the sensory dimension (52.1% variance) and the affective dimension (16.3% variance), explaining a total variance of 68.4%. Conclusion: The PDQ-CV demonstrated good feasibility, reliability, and validity in Chinese KOA patients, supporting its use in clinical practice and providing a foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study evaluated the accuracy of implant placement using a robotic system (Remebot) compared to freehand surgery and explored factors influencing accuracy. Methods: This retrospective study included 95 implants placed in 65 patients, divided into robot-assisted (50 implants) and freehand (45 implants) groups. Platform, apical, and angular deviations were measured by superimposing preoperative plans and the postoperative CBCT images. Mean deviations between groups were compared, and regression analysis assessed the impact of implant dimensions and positioning on accuracy. Results: The robot-assisted group exhibited significantly lower mean deviations in platform (0.44 ± 0.17 mm), apical (0.46 ± 0.17 mm), and angular deviations (0.85 ± 0.47°) compared to the freehand group (1.38 ± 0.77 mm, 1.77 ± 0.82 mm, and 6.63 ± 3.90°, respectively; p < 0.001). Regression analysis indicated no significant impact of implant location, jaw type, or implant dimensions on the robotic system's accuracy, unlike the freehand placement where these factors influenced deviations. Conclusions: Robot-assisted implant surgery significantly enhances accuracy and clinical safety compared to freehand techniques. Despite limitations, robotic surgery presents a promising advancement in implant dentistry by reducing human error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Vegetation interception and soil water-holding capacity were analyzed in order to provied a scientific basis for systematically evaluating the soil and water conservation functions of semi-arid shrub-encroached grasslands. [Methods] Characteristics of vegetation interception (including canopy and litter layer), soil water-holding capacity of the primary grassland and shrub-encroached grassland (including grass patch, sub-shrub patch, and shrub patch) were measured on the Loess Plateau. [Results] ① The capacity of canopy interception in shrub patches was increased by 0.3 mm with the increasing of aboveground biomass, while the capacity of litter interception was decreased by 0.5 mm through reduction in the litter biomass. ② During shrub encroachment, only shrub patches significantly improved soil water-holding capacity. Moreover, there were significant differences in soil water-holding capacity between sub-shrub and shrub patches. Compared with sub-shrub patches, the capacity of shrub patches was enhanced by 12.8 mm, and the increase mainly occurred in the surface soil (0—20 cm). [Conclusion] Shrub encroachment did not reduce the potential soil water-holding capacity. However, if shrubs continue to expand in area coverage, the interception ability of grassland ecosystem by canopy and litter layer might be weaken.

With the gradual improvement and implementation of unconventional wells drilling and environmental regulations, there is an urgent need for high-performance and more environmentally friendly lubricants for water-based drilling fluids (WD). Developing green oilfield chemicals from natural products is a shortcut. In this work, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench/okra has been studied as the lubricant in WD. The green drilling fluid lubricant developed demonstrates excellent lubrication performance, as well as good filtration loss reduction and inhibition of bentonite hydration expansion. The results show that with the addition of 2.5% okra slurry to water-based drilling fluid, the coefficient of friction decreased by 51.68%, the apparent viscosity (AV) increased by 51.32%, the plastic viscosity (PV) increased by 42.99%, and the fluid loss decreased by 39.88%. Moreover, through TGA, SEM, FT-IR, particle distribution tests, and contact angle tests, the lubrication mechanism of okra slurry was discussed. Finally, the economic feasibility of using okra as an environmentally friendly lubricant for drilling fluids was analyzed. This work combines agricultural products with industrial production, which not only solves industrial problems but also enhances the added value of agricultural products, providing a reference for the coordinated development of industry and agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]