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Ocean development is crucial for modern states, and the importance of safeguarding and developing ocean rights and interests is becoming increasingly apparent. Economic development relies on the ocean, as does national sovereignty, security, and interests. In addition, national political and military development also depends on the ocean. China has long been committed to safeguarding its own ocean rights and interests, while also actively promoting the development of the international legal order for the ocean. In terms of international legislation, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea provides a legal basis for safeguarding ocean rights and interests and plays a regulatory role in the maintenance of maritime rights and interests for all states. In terms of domestic legislation, many ocean laws in China play an important role in safeguarding China's maritime security and ocean rights and interests. As an important part of the legal system for safeguarding ocean rights and interests, maritime law enforcement has practical significance in the application of national jurisdiction at sea. China's maritime law enforcement, centered on safeguarding ocean rights and interests, is carried out by the reorganized China Coast Guard, guided by domestic and international legal norms, and strictly combats illegal and criminal activities at sea through international cooperation to protect the sustainable development of marine resources and environment and to safeguard international maritime public security and order while guaranteeing ocean rights and interests. In terms of judicial practice, China has already used legal means to effectively safeguard ocean rights and interests in the areas of marine environmental protection, maritime rights protection, fisheries law enforcement, and maritime traffic safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses the regulatory framework for protecting cetaceans and migratory marine species from the impacts of anthropogenic underwater noise. It examines the applicability of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and its associated agreements (CMS Family) and other related instruments, including the CMS Family Guidelines on Environmental Impact Assessment for Marine Noise-generating Activities (EIA Guidelines). Although the EIA Guidelines are not binding, the general concept of EIA are widely recognised as a critical instrument to prevent, reduce, and control environmental harm, including anthropogenic underwater noise. In the absence of specific regulations to address this issue, the study suggests applying the EIA Guidelines as a best environmental practice and best available techniques to address the issue. Collaboration among the CMS Family and other relevant legal instruments will enhance the implementation of the EIA Guidelines and improve conservation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]