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Two large-scale test fills were established on soft Swedish clay, one in 1945 and one in 1947, to investigate the long-time settlement characteristics of the subsoil. The gravel fills rest on 11.5 m of normally loaded clay overlying 2.5 m of preloaded varved clay. The clay is separated from the underlying bedrock by a thin layer of sand. Settlement reference points were established at various depths beneath the fills and have been observed periodically. Observations of pore pressures were made in the clay layer beneath the fills and in the natural clay beyond their influence; the undrained shear strength beneath and beyond the fills were measured by field vane tests; and the variation in natural water content throughout the clay deposit were measured at various times.