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Apocynum venetum is an eco-economic plant that exhibits high stress resistance. In the present paper, we carried out a whole-genome survey of A. venetum in order to provide a foundation for its whole-genome sequencing. High-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina NovaSep) was first used to measure the genome size of A. venetum, and bioinformatics methods were employed for the evaluation of the genome size, heterozygosity ratio, repeated sequences, and GC content in order to provide a foundation for subsequent whole-genome sequencing. The sequencing analysis results indicated that the preliminary estimated genome size of A. venetum was 254.40 Mbp, and its heterozygosity ratio and percentage of repeated sequences were 0.63 and 40.87%, respectively, indicating that it has a complex genome. We used k-mer = 41 to carry out a preliminary assembly and obtained contig N50, which was 3841 bp with a total length of 223949699 bp. We carried out further assembly to obtain scaffold N50, which was 6196 bp with a total length of 227322054 bp. We performed simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker prediction based on the A. venetum genome data and identified a total of 101918 SSRs. The differences between the different types of nucleotide repeats were large, with mononucleotide repeats being most numerous and hexanucleotide repeats being least numerous. We recommend the use of the ‘2+3’ (Illumina+PacBio) sequencing combination to supplement the Hi-C technique and resequencing technique in future whole-genome research in A. venetum.

Apocynum venetum is an eco-economic plant that exhibits high stress resistance. In the present paper, we carried out a whole-genome survey of A. venetum in order to provide a foundation for its whole-genome sequencing. High-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina NovaSep) was first used to measure the genome size of A. venetum, and bioinformatics methods were employed for the evaluation of the genome size, heterozygosity ratio, repeated sequences, and GC content in order to provide a foundation for subsequent whole-genome sequencing. The sequencing analysis results indicated that the preliminary estimated genome size of A. venetum was 254.40 Mbp, and its heterozygosity ratio and percentage of repeated sequences were 0.63 and 40.87%, respectively, indicating that it has a complex genome. We used k-mer = 41 to carry out a preliminary assembly and obtained contig N50, which was 3841 bp with a total length of 223949699 bp. We carried out further assembly to obtain scaffold N50, which was 6196 bp with a total length of 227322054 bp. We performed simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular marker prediction based on the A. venetum genome data and identified a total of 101918 SSRs. The differences between the different types of nucleotide repeats were large, with mononucleotide repeats being most numerous and hexanucleotide repeats being least numerous. We recommend the use of the ‘2+3’ (Illumina+PacBio) sequencing combination to supplement the Hi-C technique and resequencing technique in future whole-genome research in A. venetum.

The safety management system assessment (SMSA) model was built up on the basis of set-pair analysis (SPA) theory and its effectiveness was verified by practical application research. The assessment model of five-element identical-discrepant-antithetical connection number vector was formed in that the indicators were divided into five grades. The calculation of connection number component was simplified as rigorous rules were made for the grades division of indicators. The judging rule of grading safety management system (SMS) was established under the principal of confidence level. The applied research was conducted, which demonstrated that the SPA based assessment model could provide credible conclusion because the results highly agreed with those of BNWSS audition. In addition, this model can be applied to assess SMS of all levels and makes scientific judgment for future state of SMS.

One-piece flow is one of the effective tools of lean production. Many garment enterprises expect to implement it in their own enterprises, but a lot of difficulties exist in the implementation process. In this paper, it takes an example of a well-known processing enterprise and to study the one-piece flow implementation process of a pair of jeans pipeline. By nearly a year of tracking and research, the paper systematically summarizes the pre-production preparation and production maintenance in the implementation of the One-piece flow. It demonstrates in detail on how to achieve the improvement of the hardware, software and personnel in order to reach the requirement of one-piece flow. Then, it systematically discusses the wage system of one-piece flow and will provide a theoretical and practical basis for the implementation of a single-piece flow production.

The accurate first-principle method was used to calculate the electronic structures of the four boride superconductors. Their DOS (the density of states), band structures as well as their specific electronic structures were discovered. It was found that they all had a metallic band crossing the Fermi surface on the Γ point. These characters made their attribute of superconductivity and the interstics of NbB was the least which resulted in its higher Tc than the others.

The surface fractal behavior of polyaniline–dodecylbenzenesulfonate salt (PANI–DBSA) and polyaniline–chlorophyll (PANI–Chll) has been studied using a small-angle X-ray scattering technique. The measurements indicate that the surface of PANI–DBSA and PANI–Chll can be described by the fractal behavior. The scattering intensity, I , is shown to obey the I ( q )∝ q − α relation for values of the scattering vector q between the q -values of 0.14–1.41 nm −1 for PANI–DBSA and 0.12–1.27 nm −1 for PANI–Chll, respectively, with the α -values smaller than four, which is given by Porod’s law. The surface fractal dimension, D s , is found to be 2.46 and 2.15 in agreement with surface fractals.

PbSrCaCuO samples synthesized under high pressure have been found to exhibit superconductivity at about 115 K. The phases contained in the samples are investigated by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. It is observed that Pb-based layered cuprates have formed as the major phases. They are identified to be the members with n = 2 and 3 of a new homologous series which can be written as “Pb-12( n −1) n ”.

We have investigated the infrared active modes in undoped and Er 3+ doped trans-(CH) x . The characteristic infrared absorption bands are always observed at 875 cm −1 , 1000 cm −1 , 1125 cm −1 , 1275 cm −1 and 1375 cm −1 for Er 3+ doped trans-(CH) x . Our experiments have shown, for the first time, that the intensity of these absorption bands is obviously increased by the implantation of Er 3+ ions. The intensity of the absorption band at 1375 cm −1 which is associated with the number of charged centers increases with the dopant concentration. It is a charged soliton mode. The increase of other bands (for example at about 875 cm −1 , etc) is also caused by Er 3+ , but their increases are lower than that of band at 1375 cm −1 . The absorption band at 875cm −1 is attributed to the localized phonon mode around a soliton, and hence, we think it is doping induced infrared active mode.

Low frequency Raman scattering from fractal vibrational modes in polypyrrole is investigated. The polypyrrole was prepared by the chemical and electrochemical method, and the polypyrrole obtained was characterized by the infrared spectrum and X-ray diffraction. The experimental results show the broad band distribution between 30 and 140 cm −1 and the Raman peak at 65,77,116 cm −1 for exciting line with 5145 A were observed. According to the fractal theory, we point out for the first time that the low frequency Raman spectra may be from localized fractal vibrational mode in polypyrrole molecule chian with the intensity of the Raman light scattering expressed as a function of frequency shift, fractal and spectral dimensions. The fraction dimension is estimated according to the experimental data. The Raman spectra are well explained in terms of a fraction description of localized vibrations.

We investigated the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of undoped, FeCl3- and iodine-doped poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) prepared by the method of Kovacic. EPR measurements are used to characterize electronic states relevant for carrier transport in doped PPP. We found a novel dependence of room temperature linewidth (DELTAH(pp)) and spin density (N(spin)) on the dopant concentrations for iodine-doped PPP, namely, DELTAH(pp) first decreased and increased, and then decreased and increased again with increasing iodine concentration in the iodine-doped PPP. The corresponding value of N(spin) first increased and decreased, and then increased and decreased again with increasing iodine concentration in PPP. However, the changes in DELTAH(pp) and N(spin) with FeCl3 concentration in FeCl3-doped PPP differ from those of iodine-doped PPP. We explain the different EPR properties in FeCl3-doped and iodine-doped PPP.

In the title compound, C17H26O, the cyclohexyl ring adopts a chair conformation with the C-atom substituents in equatorial sites. The H atom of the O—H group is disordered over two positions of equal occupancy. In the crystal, O—H...O hydrogen bonds lead to [010] chains.

High pressure can significantly increase the densification. Further, during the high pressure assisted sintering, the nucleation rate is increased due to reduced energy barrier and the growth rate is suppressed due to the decreased diffusivity. Thus high pressure enables the specimen to be fabricated with relatively lower temperature and shorter sintering period that assures to obtain dense nanocrystalline ceramics. Dense nanocrystalline BaTiO3 ceramics with uniform grain sizes of 60 and 30 nm, respectively, were obtained by pressure assisted sintering. The crystal structure and phase transitions were investigated by Raman scattering at temperatures ranging from -190 to 200 degrees C. The Raman results indicated that the evolution of Raman spectrum with grain size is characterized by an intensity decrease, a broadening of the line width, a frequency shift, and the disappearance of the Raman mode. With increasing temperature, similar to 3 mm BaTiO3 normal ceramics, the successive phase transitions from rhombohedral to orthorhombic, orthorhombic to tetragonal, and tetragonal to cubic were also observed in nanocrystalline BaTiO3 ceramics. In addition, when particle size is reduced to the nanoscale, one will find some unusual physical properties in nanocrystalline ceramics, compared with those of coarse-grained BaTiO3 ceramics. The different coexistences of multiphase were found at different temperature. Especially, the ferroelectric tetragonal and orthorhombic phase can coexist at room temperature in nanocrystalline BaTiO3 ceramics. The phenomenon can be explained by the internal stress. The coexistences of different ferroelectric phases at room temperature indicate that the critical grain size for the disappearance of ferroelectricity in nanocrystalline BaTiO3 ceramics fabricated by pressure assisted sintering is below 30 nm.

We present an extended study of the resonance Raman scattering together with an investigation of the X-ray diffraction for various form of PAn

This paper reports the results of study devoted to the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in aqueous suspension TiO2 and polyaniline (PAn)/TiO2 powders under UV irradiation or sunshine. The results indicated that the comparison of photoactivity of PAn/TiO2 was better than the other and the efficiency is better. By surface photovaltaic spectroscopy(spv) technique and ESR, it is found that the surface state of TiO2 is changed when TiO2 is dopped by PAn.

The photoinduced luminescence spectra of poly(paraphenylene) (PPP) are impurity quenching studies in Er 3+ -implanted PPP were investigated. We have measured the transient luminescence spectrum distributions from PPP and the lifetimes of the luminescence in the nanosecond time regime. The experimental results show that the transient luminescence spectra with sharp luminescence bands centred at 4340, 4332 and 4318 A are well resolved; Fe 3+ quenches intensely the luminescence from Er 3+ -implanted PPP. We have also discussed luminescence mechanism with the polaron model and the theory of lattice relaxation.

We have observed ferromagnetic-like transitions for R-Cu-O (R=Tm and Y) samples heat-treated at 1000 °C under a high pressure of 5 GPa. The transition occurs at ~30 K for both Tm-Cu-O and Y-Cu-O. Nearly single-phase samples were prepared for a cation ratio of Tm/Cu=1.0/1.8 by adding KClO4 as an oxidizing agent. This phase has monoclinic I2/a symmetry with the lattice parameters a = 5.660(1)A, b = 9.544(2)A, c = 5.582(2)A and β = 92.52(1)°.

A halo-oxocuprate superconductor doped with monovalent potassium ions was synthesized using a high pressure, high temperature technique. The samples prepared from Ca2CuO2Cl2 by adding KC1O4 exhibited a superconductivity below ~24 K and a large Meissner volume. From compositional analyses, we confirmed that the potassium ions are incorporated in the superconducting grains and the Cl/Cu atomic ratio is approximately two. It is likely that the potassium substitution for calcium is the dominant hole-doping process in this superconductor.

form of the BaCuO2+x phase has been observed after synthesis at 5GPa and 1000°C using a cubic anvil type apparatus. The fundamental structure is very similar to the hexagonal high temperature form of BaMnO3. However the electron diffraction observation lead us to adopt a larger orthorhombic cell with the parameters a=9.827(1)A, b=5.6783(7)A, c=9.5252(4)A and the space group P2221. We believe that this larger periodicity is due to some new rearrangement occurring when we replace Mn by Cu due to the difference of charge of this two cations. The network consists of BaO3−δ layers, alternating with copper atoms. The copper atoms are coordinated in an octahedron which shares one face with an other giving a framework of isolated Cu2O9−x polyhedron. No copper/oxygen plane appear in this arrangement, thus neither the resistivity nor the magnetization measurement suggested superconductivity.

form of the BaCuO2+x phase has been observed after synthesis at 5GPa and 1000°C using a cubic anvil type apparatus. The fundamental structure is very similar to the hexagonal high temperature form of BaMnO3. However the electron diffraction observation lead us to adopt a larger orthorhombic cell with the parameters a=9.827(1)A, b=5.6783(7)A, c=9.5252(4)A and the space group P2221. We believe that this larger periodicity is due to some new rearrangement occurring when we replace Mn by Cu due to the difference of charge of this two cations. The network consists of BaO3−δ layers, alternating with copper atoms. The copper atoms are coordinated in an octahedron which shares one face with an other giving a framework of isolated Cu2O9−x polyhedron. No copper/oxygen plane appear in this arrangement, thus neither the resistivity nor the magnetization measurement suggested superconductivity.

Summary form only given. With cis-(CH)x films at 300K implantation fluences of 5x10/sup 13/ -5x10/sup 14/ erbium ions/cm/sup 2/ at an ion flux of 0.2 micro A/cm/sup 2/ and a beam energy of 8OKev were used. We found the strong luminescence peaked at 1.34ev(excitation line 6328/spl Aring/) and 1.38ev(excitation line 5145/spl Aring/) near the interband absorption edge. We showed the effect of ion-implanted Er/sup 3+/ on luminescence at room temperature. There is the relatively broad photoluminescence band peaked at 2.19ev and the multiple overtone Raman structure from cis-(CH)x obtained at 300K using 5145/spl Aring/ laser line excitation. The characteristics of Er/sup 3+/ luminescence around 2.20ev appear. We have estimated the time of intersoliton hopping in lightly erbium-doped (CH)x on the basis of phonon-assisted intersoliton hopping mechanism. This hopping time has the order of 10/sup -13/ - 10/sup -14/ sec at least. The results indicate that the assistance from the vibrational motion of the dopant along the axis between two (CH)x chains can decrease the intersoliton hopping time.

Summary form only given. Polypyrrole(PPy) made by chemical polymarization is not perfectly surface smooth. The PPy thin layer was studied in terms of fractal dimension geometry to understand the properties of surface of the PPy. Measurement of the fractal dimension, Ds , of PPy is reported using small-angle X-ray scattering up to Porod's region. Preliminary results indicate that the scattering intensity I is power-law decay, I(q) /spl tilde/ q/sup -/spl prop//, for values of the scattering vector q between 0.03 and 0.58 /spl Aring//sup -1/. The exponent /spl prop/ is smaller than four given by Porod,s law. Ds is found to be 3.67 in agreement with surface fractals, and conditions compatible with the formation of electrochemical polymarization of low fractal dimension resulted in relatively smooth films, while condition that yielded high fractal dimension resulted in rougher layers. This technique is therefore applicable to the optimisation of PPy thin layer.