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The sustainability of agriculture became one of the key priorities for policy frameworks at global and European levels. The global initiative of the United Nations that defined the Sustainable Development Goals and the European Green Deal. Use of remote sensing to achieve sustainable practices in the entire agriculture value chain can significantly contribute to fulfil the set goals by the policy frameworks. This paper analyses the stakeholders involved in agriculture including the agri-food, public, financial and food security sectors, and their needs. In situ and virtual workshops with relevant stakeholders including an online survey served as a primary source of input for the user requirements analysis and as a platform for feedback and discussion. As a result, a set of key documents including a white paper, a policy roadmap and a strategic research agenda were published. Recommendations for future utilisation of remote sensing in agriculture are described in this paper.

The aim of tasks T2.1-T2.4 is to collect user requirements relevant to the EO4AGRI project based on the study of completed or running programs and evaluation of EO4AGRI's own experience of members. At the end of February 2020, the final version of document D2.2 Initial Workshop -User Requirements and Gap Analysis in Different Sectors Report was submitted and later on improved based on the comments of experts and an reviewers from the European Commission. This report is an update of deliverable D2.2, with new input collected from the planned activities concerning WP2. However, due to COVID-19 crisis, the project had to change the strategy. Thus, the Intermediate Workshop, which was planned for mid-March 2020 and co-organized with the support of the European GNSS Agency had to be cancelled. Instead, the project replaced it with a series of online webinars and virtual Hackathons. Complementary to this, the project had also some discussions with communities such as ISPA. In addition, discussions with OGC, GODAN, FAO and other organisations were continued. The project also updated and prepared additional questionnaires to collect opinions from different stakeholder groups. Responses of scientists, advisors, industries and others provided valuable information to update thelist of users’ requirements and help us identify new gaps.Besides, further new user requirements coming from others projects were analysed and fed into tasks 2.2 -T2.4.Finally, an important aspect, which influenced the content and ideas of this report update, was the publication by the European Commission during this period the Green Deal (GD) Strategy and European Data Strategy (EDS). These two strategies will strongly influence also all Earth Observation sectors and will bring new possibilities.The main findings from this period are:●Climatic changes will be one from key drivers for future agriculture. Therefore,it is necessary to provide more focused research in thearea of analysis of dependencies of climate data with EO data, including historical analysis●Users require data with higher resolution●Willingness of farming sector to pay for new services is not very high and this could be a limitation for introducing new services●There is a need for deep integration of Earth Observation research with agriculture research. The same data could bring different results on the basis of different strategies●Green deal can be a good start for new Precision Agriculture Services, due to the fact that Green Deal addresses the environmental issues broadly, including Farm to Fork strategy, Biodiversity strategy, CAP strategy, ClimateChange Strategy●European Data Strategy and Digital Twins ideas can open new possibilities for Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) for Agriculture Data. This should be also necessary to be reflected in the CAP reform●New intensive research in ICT like Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Data fusion, HPC will be needed●In Public sector there are requirements on new services, not only on monitoring. Planning, water management and adaptation to climatic changes are also an important topic for the future.●Integration of EO and navigation data isnecessary●Standardisation is key issue for building effective solutions for integration of Agriculture Data

WP2 of the EO4AGRI project deals with the gathering of User Requirements (URs) and Gap Analysis (GA) using a Foresight (FS) approach. In this case the goal is not so much to create new user requirements but to make sense of the great number of UR that has been created in the past via the efforts of projects funded by EU Framework Programs such as H2020, ESA or ad-hoc projects and programs funded by EU members states. This document explains the need for a Foresight approach and the methodology to be applied, how WP2 is related to WP3 and WP4, as well as how the application of a FS approach to the work of WP2 naturally extends to work carried out in WP5 and WP6.

The Community building concept gives guidance to the different stakeholder groups and offers ideas on how-to connect the various communities within the EO4AGRI stakeholder groups. Creating continuity and sustainability of the many communities within agriculture is a challenge. A particular challenge is to create a space for communication across the stakeholder groups so that unnecessary overlaps can be avoided, and synergies made fruitful. The Community building concept document contains descriptions of the stakeholder groups, identifies their challenges and interests as well as describe the different actors within the stakeholder communities. Existing communities within the stakeholder groups typically have well established activities. The concept takes this information as a starting point in order to be relevant and to engage the right actor addressing the pain point and interests at the highest granularity. The INSPIRE hackathon concept is a useful already established strategy to ensure continuity and sustainability of the results made by the participants and organizers prior to a hackathon event, but also the results from each of the events. It can be said that the INSPIRE hackathon is not an event, it is a movement. In addition to this feature of the INSPIRE hackathon concept, the hackathons are particularly well suited for cross-disciplinary collaboration and exchange of information. This is true also for cross regional collaboration. Some stakeholder communities will not identify or thrive in a hackathon, and this Community building concept contains descriptions or suggestions for how to create interesting meetings or activities for these communities, with a view to expand their interaction with other stakeholder groups/sub communities. This document concludes with a simple guidance for hackathons, it contains information about the main challenges and the areas of interest for the stakeholder groups so that the chosen format of engagement is made relevant to address the concerns of the community. It is through engagement one builds communities. This document will be updated to include the learnt experiences along the way.

The public deliverable D4.4 describes the software components and processes (here called pipelines as the processes mostly consist of Big Data volumes streaming through successive processing steps) to be utilized by the DataBio Platform and pilots. The pilot services were tested through two phases, Trial 1 and Trial 2 of the project. Most of the components were used in both Trials with some updates in their features for Trial 2. In addition, this deliverable reports which components were deployed in each pilot and the development platform that the pilots tested their Big Data solutions on. The document aggregates information dispersed among various deliverables (namely [REF-01] - [REF-06]). The aim of this deliverable is to create a comprehensive overview of DataBio technical results. The objective of WP4 “DataBio Platform with Pilot Support” was to configure and adopt Big Data technologies for agriculture, forestry, and fishery. The work package together with WP5 “Earth Observation and Geospatial Data and Services”, established a platform for the development of bioeconomy applications. The software and dataset repository DataBio Hub is a central resource of the platform. In doing so, WP4 supported the DataBio pilots in their needs for Big Data technologies. This deliverable starts with an overview of DataBio building blocks such as platform architecture, software components, datasets, models that offer functionalities primarily for services in the domains of agriculture, forestry, and fishery. Then follows the exploitation for the identification of cross reusable (sub) pipelines (“design patterns”) that can be used across the pilots of the project and can be applied to other domains. The pipelines are one of the major exploitable assets of DataBio. The generic sections of the deliverable are concluded by Chapter 4 that explains the integration of different components into a pipeline and the services that are provided per pilot. The main results for the pilot services and the component updates, from a technological aspect, for both trials 1 and 2 are presented. The concluding chapter outlines the main findings, lessons learned and emerging examples of best practices. The deliverable comprises contributions from the following tasks: • T4.1: DataBio Architecture Requirements • T4.2: Advanced Visualization Services • T4.3: Predictive Analytics and Machine Learning • T4.4: Real-time Analytics and Stream Processing • T4.5: Big Data Variety Management, Storage, Linked Data and Queries • T4.6: Big Data Acquisition and Curation with Security/Privacy Support • T5.1: EO Subsystem and Components • T5.2: EO Data Discovery and Data Management & Acquisition Services • T5.3: EO Data Processing, Extraction, Conversion and Fusion Services • T5.5: Meteo Data Management

The aim of this document is to create a clear list of user requirements from all views of different interest groups and to define the conditions under which these requirements will be effectively met, both now and in the future. These requirements reflect not only the needs of the actors themselves in the food production process, but also the requirements for the new agricultural policies of the European Union. This document also includes an initial GAP analysis.