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20 results on '"Chase, B. M."'

1. Pollen-based climate reconstruction techniques for late Quaternary studies

Author

Chevalier, M. (Manuel), Davis, B. A. (Basil A.S.), Heiri, O. (Oliver), Seppä, H. (Heikki), Chase, B. M. (Brian M.), Gajewski, K. (Konrad), Lacourse, T. (Terri), Telford, R. J. (Richard J.), Finsinger, W. (Walter), Guiot, J. (Joël), Kühl, N. (Norbert), Maezumi, S. Y. (S. Yoshi), Tipton, J. R. (John R.), Carter, V. A. (Vachel A.), Brussel, T. (Thomas), Phelps, L. N. (Leanne N.), Dawson, A. (Andria), Zanon, M. (Marco), Vallé, F. (Francesca), Nolan, C. (Connor), Mauri, A. (Achille), de Vernal, A. (Anne), Izumi, K. (Kenji), Holmström, L. (Lasse), Marsicek, J. (Jeremiah), Goring, S. (Simon), Sommer, P. S. (Philipp S.), Chaput, M. (Michelle), Kupriyanov, D. (Dmitry), Chevalier, M. (Manuel), Davis, B. A. (Basil A.S.), Heiri, O. (Oliver), Seppä, H. (Heikki), Chase, B. M. (Brian M.), Gajewski, K. (Konrad), Lacourse, T. (Terri), Telford, R. J. (Richard J.), Finsinger, W. (Walter), Guiot, J. (Joël), Kühl, N. (Norbert), Maezumi, S. Y. (S. Yoshi), Tipton, J. R. (John R.), Carter, V. A. (Vachel A.), Brussel, T. (Thomas), Phelps, L. N. (Leanne N.), Dawson, A. (Andria), Zanon, M. (Marco), Vallé, F. (Francesca), Nolan, C. (Connor), Mauri, A. (Achille), de Vernal, A. (Anne), Izumi, K. (Kenji), Holmström, L. (Lasse), Marsicek, J. (Jeremiah), Goring, S. (Simon), Sommer, P. S. (Philipp S.), Chaput, M. (Michelle), and Kupriyanov, D. (Dmitry)

Abstract

Fossil pollen records are well-established indicators of past vegetation changes. The prevalence of pollen across environmental settings including lakes, wetlands, and marine sediments, has made palynology one of the most ubiquitous and valuable tools for studying past environmental and climatic change globally for decades. A complementary research focus has been the development of statistical techniques to derive quantitative estimates of climatic conditions from pollen assemblages. This paper reviews the most commonly used statistical techniques and their rationale and seeks to provide a resource to facilitate their inclusion in more palaeoclimatic research. To this end, we first address the fundamental aspects of fossil pollen data that should be considered when undertaking pollen-based climate reconstructions. We then introduce the range of techniques currently available, the history of their development, and the situations in which they can be best employed. We review the literature on how to define robust calibration datasets, produce high-quality reconstructions, and evaluate climate reconstructions, and suggest methods and products that could be developed to facilitate accessibility and global usability. To continue to foster the development and inclusion of pollen climate reconstruction methods, we promote the development of reporting standards. When established, such standards should 1) enable broader application of climate reconstruction techniques, especially in regions where such methods are currently underused, and 2) enable the evaluation and reproduction of individual reconstructions, structuring them for the evolving open-science era, and optimising the use of fossil pollen data as a vital means for the study of past environmental and climatic variability. We also strongly encourage developers and users of palaeoclimate reconstruction methodologies to make associated programming code publicly available, which will further help disseminate t

Published
2020

7. High-throughput sequencing of ancient plant and mammal DNA preserved in herbivore middens

Author

Murray, Daithi C, Pearson, Stuart G, Fullagar, Richard, Chase, B M, Houston, Jayne, Atchison, Jennifer, White, Nicole E., Bellgard, Matthew I, Clarke, Edward, Macphail, Michael, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Haile, James, Bunce, Michael, Murray, Daithi C, Pearson, Stuart G, Fullagar, Richard, Chase, B M, Houston, Jayne, Atchison, Jennifer, White, Nicole E., Bellgard, Matthew I, Clarke, Edward, Macphail, Michael, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Haile, James, and Bunce, Michael

Abstract

The study of arid palaeoenvironments is often frustrated by the poor or non-existent preservation of plant and animal material, yet these environments are of considerable environmental importance. The analysis of pollen and macrofossils isolated from herbivore middens has been an invaluable source of information regarding past environments and the nature of ecological fluctuations within arid zones. The application of ancient DNA (aDNA) techniques to hot, arid zone middens remains unexplored. This paper attempts to retrieve and characterise aDNA from four Southern Hemisphere fossil middens; three located in hot, arid regions of Australia and one sample from South Africa's Western Cape province. The middens are dated to between 30,490 (±380) and 710 (±70) cal yr BP. The Brockman Ridge midden in this study is potentially the oldest sample from which aDNA has been successfully extracted in Australia. The application of high-throughput sequencing approaches to profile the biotic remains preserved in midden material has not been attempted to date and this study clearly demonstrates the potential of such a methodology. In addition to the taxa previously detected via macrofossil and palynological analyses, aDNA analysis identified unreported plant and animal taxa, some of which are locally extinct or endemic. The survival and preservation of DNA in hot, arid environments is a complex and poorly understood process that is both sporadic and rare, but the survival of DNA through desiccation may be important. Herbivore middens now present an important source of material for DNA metabarcoding studies of hot, arid palaeoenvironments and can potentially be used to analyse middens in these environments throughout Australia, Africa, the Americas and the Middle East.

Published
2012

8. Rock hyrax middens: A palaeoenvironmental archive for southern African drylands

Author

Chase, B. M., Scott, Louis, Meadows, M. E., Gil-Romera, Graciela, Boom, A., Carr, A. S., Reimer, P. J., Truc, L., Valsecchi, V., Quick, L. J., Chase, B. M., Scott, Louis, Meadows, M. E., Gil-Romera, Graciela, Boom, A., Carr, A. S., Reimer, P. J., Truc, L., Valsecchi, V., and Quick, L. J.

Abstract

[EN] Like many of the world's subtropical regions, southern Africa is highly sensitive to changes in the earth's climate system, but a dearth of reliable palaeoenvironmental records means that relatively little is known about how regional environments have been affected over centennial to multi-millennial timescales. To a large extent this sensitivity is a function of the position of these regions at the interface between temperate and tropical circulation systems. The resulting seasonality and irregularity of rainfall have limited the development of suitable archives, such as lakes and wetlands, for the preservation of palaeoenvironmental proxies. This paper reviews and evaluates the value of rock hyrax middens as novel palaeoenvironmental archives in southern Africa. Considered are (1) the contemporary taxonomy, distribution and ecology of hyraxes, (2) the mechanisms of hyrax midden development, their physical and chemical structure, rates of accumulation and age; and (3) the palaeoenvironmental proxies preserved within hyrax middens, including fossil pollen, stable isotopes and biomarkers. The interpretive constraints and opportunities offered by these various midden characteristics are assessed with a view to demonstrating the potential of these deposits, widespread as they are through arid and semi-arid southern Africa, in providing a more detailed and chronologically resolved view of late Quaternary palaeoenvironments across the subcontinent. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2012

14. Precipitation variability in the winter rainfall zone of South Africa during the last 1400 yr linked to the austral westerlies.

Author

Stager, J. C., Mayewski, P. A., White, J., Chase, B. M., Neumann, F. H., Meadows, M. E., King, C. D., and Dixon, D. A.

Abstract

The austral westerlies strongly influence precipitation and ocean circulation in the southern temperate zone, with important consequences for cultures and ecosystems. Global climate models anticipate poleward contraction of the austral westerlies with future warming, but the available paleoclimate records that might test these models have been largely limited to South America, are not fully consistent with each other, and may be complicated by influences from other climatic factors. Here we present the first fineinterval diatom and sedimentological records from the winter rainfall region of South Africa, representing precipitation during the last 1400 yr. Inferred rainfall increased ∼1400-1200 cal yr BP and most notably during the Little Ice Age with pulses centered on ∼600, 530, 470, 330, 200, and 90 cal yr BP. Synchronous fluctuations in Antarctic ice core chemistry strongly suggest that these variations are linked to changes in the westerlies. Partial inconsistencies among South African and South American records warn against the simplistic application of local-scale histories to the Southern Hemisphere as a whole. Nonetheless, these findings in general do support model projections of increasing aridity in austral winter rainfall zones with future warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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15. A record of rapid Holocene climate change preserved in hyrax middens from southwestern Africa.

Author

Chase, B. M., Meadows, M. E., Scott, L., Thomas, D. S. G., Marais, E., Sealy, J., and Reimer, P. J.

Subjects
*HOLOCENE stratigraphic geology, *CLIMATE change research, *NITROGEN isotopes, *CARBON isotopes
Abstract

The discovery of sensitive paleoenvironmental proxies contained within fossilized rock hyrax middens from the margin of the central Namib Desert, Africa, is providing unprecedented insight into the region's environmental history. High-resolution stable carbon and nitrogen isotope records spanning 0-11,700 cal (calibrated) yr B.P. indicate phases of relatively humid conditions from 8700-7500, 6900-6700, 5600-4900, and 4200-3500 cal yr B.P., with a period of marked aridity occurring from 3500 until ca. 300 cal yr B.P. Transitions between these phases appear to have occurred very rapidly, often within <200 years. Of particular importance are: (1) the observed relationship between regional aridification and the decline in Northern Hemisphere insolation across the Holocene, and (2) the significance of suborbital scale variations in climate that covary strongly with fluctuations in solar forcing. Together, these elements call for a fundamental reexamination of the role of orbital forcing on tropical African systems, and a reconsideration of what factors drive climate change in the region. The quality and resolution of these data far surpass any other evidence available from the region, and the continued development of this unique archive promises to revolutionize paleoenvironmental studies in southern Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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17. A global multiproxy database for temperature reconstructions of the Common Era

Author

Dmitry Divine, Dmitriy V. Ovchinnikov, Hugues Goosse, Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz, Anne Hormes, Narayan Prasad Gaire, Joelle Gergis, Katrine Husum, David J. Nash, Konrad Gajewski, Jens Zinke, Vladimir Mikhalenko, Darrell S. Kaufman, Eugene R. Wahl, Martin Grosjean, Nancy A. N. Bertler, Pierre Francus, Anastasia Gornostaeva, Diana Vladimirova, Kaustubh Thirumalai, Lucien von Gunten, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Michael Sigl, Ryu Uemura, Michael N. Evans, Hideaki Motoyama, Scott St. George, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Chris S. M. Turney, Johannes P. Werner, Robert Mulvaney, Jianghao Wang, Brian M. Chase, Mark A. J. Curran, Julien Emile-Geay, Takeshi Nakatsuka, David J. Sauchyn, Nerilie J. Abram, Bronwyn C. Dixon, Raphael Neukom, Cody C. Routson, Trevor J. Porter, Selvaraj Kandasamy, Mirko Severi, Massimo Frezzotti, Steven J. Phipps, Hans W. Linderholm, A. E. Viau, P. Graham Mortyn, Jessica E. Tierney, Eric J. Steig, Heidi A. Roop, K. Halimeda Kilbourne, Jason A. Addison, Jonathan J. Tyler, Mandy Freund, Daniel A. Dixon, Belen Martrat, Chenxi Xu, Krystyna M. Saunders, Min Te Chen, Xuemei Shao, Vasile Ersek, Philipp Munz, Hans Oerter, Masaki Sano, Zhixin Hao, Meloth Thamban, Alexey A. Ekaykin, Barbara Stenni, Kazuho Horiuchi, Ignacio A. Mundo, Zicheng Yu, Gregory T. Pederson, James W. C. White, Nalan Koc, Elisabeth Isaksson, Kathryn Allen, Rixt de Jong, Jeannine-Marie St. Jacques, Andrew Lorrey, Guillaume Leduc, Quansheng Ge, Kristine L. DeLong, Kenji Kawamura, Anais Orsi, Thomas Opel, Edward R. Cook, Kate E. Sinclair, Benjamin J. Henley, Nicholas P. McKay, Helen McGregor, Andrew D. Moy, Elizabeth R. Thomas, Jesper Björklund, Helena L. Filipsson, Udya Kuwar Thapa, Casey Saenger, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Australian National University (ANU), United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Spanish National Research Council [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Sydney] (BEES), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche [Trieste], Università degli studi di Trieste, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Climate Change Institute (CCI), University of Maine, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], Lund University [Lund], Centre Eau Terre Environnement - INRS (INRS-ETE), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Quaternary Geology, The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Norwegian Polar Institute, Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern], University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Laboratory, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Abteilung Klinische Sozialmedizin, Berufs- und Umweltdermatologie, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Tokyo, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Chemistry, University of Florence (UNIFI), Biogéochimie-Traceurs-Paléoclimat (BTP), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), University of the Ryukyus [Okinawa], Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), PAGES 2k, Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, University of Oxford, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Climate Change Institute [Orono] (CCI), Centre Eau Terre Environnement [Québec] (INRS - ETE), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE)-Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Emile-Geay, J., Mckay, N. P., Kaufman, D. S., Von Gunten, L., Wang, Junrong, Anchukaitis, K. J., Abram, N. J., Addison, J. A., Curran, M. A. J., Evans, M. N., Henley, B. J., Hao, Z., Martrat, B., Mcgregor, H. V., Neukom, R., Pederson, G. T., Stenni, B., Thirumalai, K., Werner, J. P., Xu, C., Divine, D. V., Dixon, B. C., Gergis, J., Mundo, I. A., Nakatsuka, T., Phipps, S. J., Routson, C. C., Steig, E. J., Tierney, J. E., Tyler, J. J., Allen, K. J., Bertler, N. A. N., Bjorklund, J., Chase, B. M., Chen, M. -T., Cook, E., De Jong, R., Delong, K. L., Dixon, D. A., Ekaykin, A. A., Ersek, V., Filipsson, H. L., Francus, P., Freund, M. B., Frezzotti, M., Gaire, N. P., Gajewski, K., Ge, Q., Goosse, H., Gornostaeva, A., Grosjean, M., Horiuchi, K., Hormes, A., Husum, K., Isaksson, E., Kandasamy, S., Kawamura, K., Kilbourne, K. H., Koc, N., Leduc, G., Linderholm, H. W., Lorrey, A. M., Mikhalenko, V., Mortyn, P. G., Motoyama, H., Moy, A. D., Mulvaney, R., Munz, P. M., Nash, D. J., Oerter, H., Opel, T., Orsi, A. J., Ovchinnikov, D. V., Porter, T. J., Roop, H. A., Saenger, C., Sano, M., Sauchyn, D., Saunders, K. M., Seidenkrantz, M. -S., Severi, M., Shao, X., Sicre, M. -A., Sigl, M., Sinclair, K., St George, S., St Jacques, J. -M., Thamban, M., Thapa, U. K., Thomas, E. R., Turney, C., Uemura, R., Viau, A. E., Vladimirova, D. O., Wahl, E. R., White, J. W. C., Yu, Z., Zinke, J., École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate

Subjects
Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Mathematics: 410::Statistics: 412, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Matematikk: 410::Statistikk: 412, F800, computer.software_genre, Palaeoclimate, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), CECI [CISM], calcification, data integration objective, Climate change, trace metal analysis, 910 Geography & travel, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, G500, data acquisition system, temperature of environmental material, Computer Science Applications, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Temperature reconstruction, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Tree ring, Geology, wood, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, glacial ice, radiance, 010506 paleontology, observation design, Library and Information Sciences, archaeal metabolite, Education, time series design, stable isotope analysis, Dendrochronology, 550 Earth sciences & geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Global temperature, Glacier, 15. Life on land, Sea surface temperature, sediment, 13. Climate action, North Atlantic oscillation, Oceanic basin, computer
Abstract

Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key to placing industrial-era warming into the context of natural climatic variability. Here we present a community-sourced database of temperature-sensitive proxy records from the PAGES2k initiative. The database gathers 692 records from 648 locations, including all continental regions and major ocean basins. The records are from trees, ice, sediment, corals, speleothems, documentary evidence, and other archives. They range in length from 50 to 2000 years, with a median of 547 years, while temporal resolution ranges from biweekly to centennial. Nearly half of the proxy time series are significantly correlated with HadCRUT4.2 surface temperature over the period 1850-2014. Global temperature composites show a remarkable degree of coherence between high- and low-resolution archives, with broadly similar patterns across archive types, terrestrial versus marine locations, and screening criteria. The database is suited to investigations of global and regional temperature variability over the Common Era, and is shared in the Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format, including serializations in Matlab, R and Python., PAGES, a core project of Future Earth, is supported by the U.S. and Swiss National Science Foundations. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Some of this work was conducted as part of the North America 2k Working Group supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the U.S. Geological Survey. B. Bauer, W. Gross, and E. Gille (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information) are gratefully acknowledged for helping assemble the data citations and creating the NCEI versions of the PAGES 2k data records. We thank all the investigators whose commitment to data sharing enables the open science ethos embodied by this project.

Published
2017

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