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Panchayat being local self-government, is a state matter and part of the list of States in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India. Article (3) of Article 243D of the Constitution ensures the participation of women in Panchayati Raj Institutions so that not less than one-third of the total seats filled through direct elections and the number of offices of the Chairperson of Panchayats are reserved for women. The 73rd amendment is the tool to reinsure women representation in the PRIs. There is a good relation between women and development of society. Again, development of women means advancement of the populace and the country. So there is a need to observe the actual status of the panchayat in relation to the women representation as per the mandate of the Constitution. An initiative has been taken to make known the actual impact of the amendment on women as well as society.

The stickiness phenomenon, one of the major operational problems, in the spray drying process is strongly related to changes in the powder particle surface. During the course of drying, powder particles with intermediate moisture pass through a very cohesive and adhesive 'plastic' phase. This phase has shown to be influenced by surface composition, moisture content, particle size, manufacturing method, surrounding air humidity and temperature. During spray drying, the powder particle experiences varied temperature and humidity conditions, which were replicated under controlled dynamic conditions to some extent in a 'Bench-top-scale Fluid Bed Rig' or in a 'Particle Gun Rig'. In these two set-ups, stickiness-end-point or deposition rates at a particular temperature and humidity combination were plotted to develop 'Stickiness Curves' after testing different dairy-based powders. Further improvements in the 'Particle Gun Rig' has been identified to minimise heat loss for future experimentation. It has been demonstrated that the stickiness property is a surface phenomenon. This is governed by the composition of a particular powder, manufacturing methods and the temperature / humidity conditions surrounding the powder particles. The low fat powders (<42%) tested followed a single step 'Lactose based stickincss model' and high fat powders (>42%) followed a combined 'Fat and lactose based stickiness model'. The 'lactose based model' followed the predicted glass transition (Tg) trend of amorphous lactose, shifted by some degree (X) upwards, depending on the product composition or the amount of amorphous lactose present - to be specific. These quick and easy methods to identify a safe and non-sticky operating window to minimise product adhesion to the equipment wall would be of huge benefit to the dairy industry in process optimization, as fore knowledge of likely difficulties and specified operating conditions will help efficient and economic operation. Attempts have been mad