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The cytological features of undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver in a child are described in this report. It is important to be aware of this entity and its cytological features in order to avoid misdiagnosis with more common entities such as the hepatoblastoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Testicular mixed germ cell tumor is common in the post-pubertal age, less so in prepuberty. There are only 3 reports of prepubertal mixed teratoma and yolk sac tumor. Two of these cases had immature teratoma component and were in the neonatal age group. The third case in a toddler had a mature teratoma component. An 18-month-old boy presented with a testicular mass. Serum AFP was elevated (2200 ng/ml). The orchidectomy specimen contained a yolk-sac tumor and a small epidermoid cyst, indicating a mature teratomatous component. We report a testicular mixed teratoma and yolk sac tumor, prepubertal type along with summary of prior published cases. There is only one report describing this combination of mature teratoma with yolk sac tumor in the prepubertal testis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Kavita. Jain, Moumita. Sengupta, Priyanka. Maity, Uttara. Chatterjee, Shubhamitra. Chaudhuri, E. Rajyalakshmi, Chhanda. Datta, Subhashish. Ghosh, Sandip. Chatterjee Background: Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors have a different histological [...]

Giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN) is characterized by its large size and potential for transformation into melanoma. It can be associated with other neural cristopathies, including neurofibroma, however, it has not previously been described with a congenital neurofibroma. A newborn girl presented with a large congenital neurofibroma arising in a bathing trunk type of giant congenital melanocytic nevus. Congenital neurofibromas can be associated with (or a component of) a GCMN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytological diagnosis of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome can be challenging. The main features on cytology are the presence of abundant acellular, bright pink‐purple matrix within which groups of bland spindle cells are embedded. Cytological features of a case of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is described here along with the cytological differentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Bharat. Rekhi, Jayasree. Kattoor, Anne. Jennifer, Nandini. Govindarajan, Shantveer. Uppin, Nirmala. Jambhekar, Annie. Jojo, Uttara. Chatterjee, Devmalya. Banerjee, Pradyumn. Singh Soft tissue tumors, including sarcomas are complex and diagnostically [...]

Background: Extralobar pulmonary sequestration (ELS) is a malformation composed of bronchopulmonary tissue outside the lungs that is discontinuous from the main tracheobronchial tree. ELS can present as a suprarenal space occupying lesion. Case Report: A 1-day old girl presented with a right supra-adrenal mass, first detected in-utero at 34 weeks. The differential included congenital neuroblastoma, but the urinary VMA was normal. At resection, there was lung tissue composed of dilated and tortuous bronchioles lined by columnar epithelium present in a back- to- back arrangement along with thick-walled vessels, features of an ELS with congenital pulmonary airway malformation type II. Conclusion: ELS enters the differential diagnosis of neonatal suprarenal masses with normal urinary catecholamines, and can have the morphology of a type II congenital pulmonary airway malformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On histopathology alone, only 43% of cases of NF were correctly diagnosed at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, while 21% were misdiagnosed as sarcomas.[3] FNAC smears of NF can be extremely difficult to interpret correctly. Keywords: FNAC; nodular fasciitis; pseudo-sarcoma EN FNAC nodular fasciitis pseudo-sarcoma 161 164 4 02/07/23 20230301 NES 230301 Cytological diagnosis of nodular fasciitis can be challenging. Sections revealed a tumour composed of ovoid to spindled tumour cells arranged in loose fascicles with a tissue-culture-like appearance with extravasated erythrocytes, osteoclastic giant cells, and ganglion-cell like giant cells in a variably myxoid stroma. Though its characteristic chondromyxoid stroma might not help in ruling out NF, the lack of ganglion-cell-like giant cells and tissue-culture-like fragments are important distinguishing features.[6] Distinguishing NF from a pleomorphic sarcoma can be challenging. [Extracted from the article]