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Down syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause of disability associated with development. The lack of normative values for these children, hinders an early assessment and monitoring of the clinical course. The objective was to describe the evolutionary profile of these children during the first three years of life. A prospective cohort study was performed, for 9 years, in which 156 children under 37 months were included. They had 528 evaluations by "Abbreviated Scale Development" (EAD -1), a valid and reliable standardized test in Colombia to assess the developmental level in children under 6 years. We obtained quarterly developmental quotients, percentile values, variations between the areas assessed, the evolutionary curve in each area studied and the most critical periods in different semesters. These values will enable monitoring the clinical course of these children, early identification of areas of greatest vulnerability and need for intervention, assessment of the impact of therapeutic interventions or programs of stimulation and guidance to parents and related health and social agents to development and survival of the boy and the girl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: MANA is a food complementary program provided to children in Envigado, Antioquia-Colombia. However, there is not information related with the actual food and nutrients intakes of MANA beneficiaries. Objective: To compare food and nutrient intakes between exposed and unexposed of MANA. Objective: To compare food and nutrient intakes between exposed and unexposed of MANA. Methods: Cross sectional study which included 49 exposed and 35 of MANA. Food and nutrient intakes were evaluated by 24 h recall. Results: Complementary food intake was not different between groups (32.5% in exposed and 22.9% in unexposed; p=0.462), general food, energy and nutrients intakes were not different between groups (2.177 kcal/d MANA exposed and 2.037 kcal/d unexposed, p=0.627; 60.2 g protein/d MANA exposed 60.7 g/d unexposed; p=0.640). Macronutrient distribution was balanced in both groups; however, simple carbohydrates (15.5% MANA exposed and 12.7% unexposed; p=0.264), and saturated fatty acid intakes (12.8% MANA exposed and 12.9% unexposed; p=0.608) were higher than the recommended dietary intakes. MANA did not provide micronutrient goals. Conclusion: The achievements of MANA Program were limited, due to a low consumption of food provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the relevance of theorization about language and consciousness, this study took up 86 research articles about these processes; published between the years 2000 and 2010. For the articles' analysis of evidence, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) was used. This made possible to identify the levels of evidence and categories of recommendations of the articles. In this study it was found that most of the researches reach a correlation-descriptive level. There were few studies that reach an explicative level. For the language studies, a transversal method is consistently used; meanwhile experimental designs are more recurrent in consciousness research. Articles about consciousness have higher levels of evidence and categories of recommendations compared to language studies. This fact unveils how the interest in the study of this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research examines the formation of flashbulb memories in a sample of Colombians. Flashbulb Memories (FBM) are autobiographical memories related to the context of receiving shocking public news. A sample of 380 respondents (171 men and 209 women) aged from 20 to 89 years old (M = 37.05; SD = 13.36) conducted a test between 4-19 days after worldwide breaking news. Factor analysis, descriptive analysis and structural equation models were applied. Four models described by the literature on flashbulb memories were tested. Results show that models proposed by Finkenauer et al. (1998) and Er (2003) predict the formation of flashbulb memories through an indirect path. The models proposed by Brown and Kulik (1977) and Conway et al. (1994) do not predict the formation of flashbulb memories in news related to international terrorism. However, goodness of fit indexes were better for Brown and Kulik's model than for the other three models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]