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29 results on '"Chelis, I."'

1. Status and future development of Heating and Current Drive for the EU DEMO

Author

Tran, M.Q., Agostinetti, P., Aiello, G., Avramidis, K., Baiocchi, B., Barbisan, M., Bobkov, V., Briefi, S., Bruschi, A., Chavan, R., Chelis, I., Day, Ch., Delogu, R., Ell, B., Fanale, F., Fassina, A., Fantz, U., Faugel, H., Figini, L., Fiorucci, D., Friedl, R., Franke, Th., Gantenbein, G., Garavaglia, S., Granucci, G., Hanke, S., Hogge, J.-P., Hopf, C., Kostic, A., Illy, S., Ioannidis, Z., Jelonnek, J., Jin, J., Latsas, G., Louche, F., Maquet, V., Maggiora, R., Messiaen, A., Milanesio, D., Mimo, A., Moro, A., Ochoukov, R., Ongena, J., Pagonakis, I.G., Peponis, D., Pimazzoni, A., Ragona, R., Rispoli, N., Ruess, T., Rzesnicki, T., Scherer, T., Spaeh, P., Starnella, G., Strauss, D., Thumm, M., Tierens, W., Tigelis, I., Tsironis, C., Usoltceva, M., Van Eester, D., Veronese, F., Vincenzi, P., Wagner, F., Wu, C., Zeus, F., and Zhang, W.

Published
2022
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2. The ECRH-Power Upgrade at the Wendelstein 7-X Stellarator

Author

Laqua H. P., Avramidis K. A., Braune H., Chelis I., Gantenbein G., Illy S., Ioannidis Z., Jelonnek J., Jin J., Krier L., Lechte C., Leggieri A., Legrand F., Marsen S., Moseev D., Oosterbeek H., Rzesnicki T., Ruess T., Stange T., Thumm M., Tigelis I., and Wolf R. C.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The existing ECRH system at W7-X consists of 10 gyrotrons, with output power levels ranging from 0.6 MW up to 1.0 MW each at a frequency of 140 GHz, quasi-optical transmission lines and microwave launchers at the plasma vessel. Compared to other large fusion experiments, W7-X has a relatively low power-to-volume ratio. However high heating power is particularly necessary for achieving high plasma beta values, where the improved confinement of fast ions, one of the optimization criteria of W7-X, can be examined. It is therefore necessary to expand the ECRH systems in several consecutive steps. It is planned to increase the number of gyrotron positions from 10 to 12 and at the same time to evolve the gyrotron output power in several development steps from 1 MW to nominal 1.5 MW and, finally, up to 2 MW. At the same time, the transmission lines will also be upgraded for 2 MW operation. A special effort is also made to improve the reliability of the system by the fast control system.

Published
2023
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3. Tests and developments of a long-pulse high-power 170 GHz absorbing matched load

Author

Bin, W., Bruschi, A., Fanale, F., Francesca, M., Lucca, F., Albajar, F., Alberti, S., Carannante, G., Cavinato, M., Chelis, I., Dell'Era, F., Fasel, D., Gantenbein, G., Goodman, T., Granucci, G., Hogge, J.-P., Ikeda, R., Ioannidis, Z., Legrand, F., Mellera, V., Minelli, D., Nardone, A., Pagonakis, I., Rispoli, N., Rzesnicki, T., Sanchez, F., Spinicchia, N., Takahashi, K., Tigelis, I., and Viganò, F.

Published
2019
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4. Parasitic-modes free, high-performance operation of the European 1 MW, 170 GHz Short-Pulse Prototype Gyrotron for ITER

Author

Rzesnicki, T., primary, Avramidis, K. A., additional, Chelis, I., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Feuerstein, L., additional, Illy, S., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Jin, J., additional, Leggieri, A., additional, Legrand, F., additional, Lievin, C., additional, Marek, A., additional, Ruess, T., additional, Stanculovic, S., additional, and Thumm, M., additional

Published
2023
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5. Experimental confirmation of efficient island divertor operation and successful neoclassical transport optimization in Wendelstein 7-X

Author

Pedersen, T, Abramovic, I, Agostinetti, P, Torres, M, Akaslompolo, S, Belloso, J, Aleynikov, P, Aleynikova, K, Alhashimi, M, Ali, A, Allen, N, Alonso, A, Anda, G, Andreeva, T, Angioni, C, Arkhipov, A, Arnold, A, Asad, W, Ascasibar, E, Aumeunier, M, Avramidis, K, Aymerich, E, Baek, S, Bahner, J, Baillod, A, Balden, M, Baldzuhn, J, Ballinger, S, Banduch, M, Bannmann, S, Navarro, A, Barbui, T, Beidler, C, Belafdil, C, Bencze, A, Benndorf, A, Beurskens, M, Biedermann, C, Biletskyi, O, Blackwell, B, Blatzheim, M, Bluhm, T, Bockenhoff, D, Bongiovi, G, Borchardt, M, Borodin, D, Boscary, J, Bosch, H, Bosmann, T, Boswirth, B, Bottger, L, Bottino, A, Bozhenkov, S, Brakel, R, Brandt, C, Brauer, T, Braune, H, Brezinsek, S, Brunner, K, Buller, S, Burhenn, R, Bussiahn, R, Buttenschon, B, Buzas, A, Bykov, V, Calvo, I, Mata, K, Caminal, I, Cannas, B, Cappa, A, Carls, A, Carovani, F, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carvalho, B, Casas, J, Castano-Bardawil, D, Castejon, F, Chaudhary, N, Chelis, I, Chomiczewska, A, Coenen, J, Cole, M, Cordella, F, Corre, Y, Crombe, K, Cseh, G, Csillag, B, Damm, H, Day, C, de Baar, M, De la Cal, E, Degenkolbe, S, Demby, A, Denk, S, Dhard, C, Di Siena, A, Dinklage, A, Dittmar, T, Dreval, M, Drevlak, M, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Dunai, D, Edlund, E, Effenberg, F, Ehrke, G, Endler, M, Ennis, D, Escoto, F, Estrada, T, Fable, E, Fahrenkamp, N, Fanni, A, Faustin, J, Fellinger, J, Feng, Y, Figacz, W, Flom, E, Ford, O, Fornal, T, Frerichs, H, Freundt, S, Fuchert, G, Fukuyama, M, Fullenbach, F, Gantenbein, G, Gao, Y, Garcia, K, Regana, J, Garcia-Cortes, I, Gaspar, J, Gates, D, Geiger, J, Geiger, B, Giudicotti, L, Gonzalez, A, Goriaev, A, Gradic, D, Grahl, M, Graves, J, Green, J, Grelier, E, Greuner, H, Gross, S, Grote, H, Groth, M, Gruca, M, Grulke, O, Grun, M, Arnaiz, J, Gunter, S, Haak, V, Haas, M, Hacker, P, Hakola, A, Hallenbert, A, Hammond, K, Han, X, Hansen, S, Harris, J, Hartfuss, H, Hartmann, D, Hathiramani, D, Hatzky, R, Hawke, J, Hegedus, S, Hein, B, Heinemann, B, Helander, P, Henneberg, S, Hergenhahn, U, Hidalgo, C, Hindenlang, F, Hirsch, M, Hofel, U, Hollfeld, K, Holtz, A, Hopf, D, Hoschen, D, Houry, M, Howard, J, Huang, X, Hubeny, M, Hudson, S, Ida, K, Igitkhanov, Y, Igochine, V, Illy, S, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C, Isobe, M, Jablczynska, M, Jablonski, S, Jagielski, B, Jakubowski, M, van Vuuren, A, Jelonnek, J, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Jenzsch, H, Junghanns, P, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallmeyer, J, Kamionka, U, Kandler, M, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kennedy, D, Kharwandikar, A, Khokhlov, M, Kiefer, C, Killer, C, Kirschner, A, Kleiber, R, Klinger, T, Klose, S, Knauer, J, Knieps, A, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kolesnichenko, Y, Konies, A, Konig, R, Kontula, J, Kornejew, P, Koschinsky, J, Kozulia, M, Kramer-Flecken, A, Krampitz, R, Krause, M, Krawczyk, N, Kremeyer, T, Krier, L, Kriete, D, Krychowiak, M, Ksiazek, I, Kubkowska, M, Kuczynski, M, Kuhner, G, Kumar, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Landreman, M, Lang, P, Langenberg, A, Laqua, H, Laube, R, Lazerson, S, Lewerentz, M, Li, C, Liang, Y, Linsmeier, C, Lion, J, Litnovsky, A, Liu, S, Lobsien, J, Loizu, J, Lore, J, Lorenz, A, Losada, U, Louche, F, Lunsford, R, Lutsenko, V, Machielsen, M, Mackel, F, Maisano-Brown, J, Maj, O, Makowski, D, Manduchi, G, Maragkoudakis, E, Marchuk, O, Marsen, S, Martines, E, Martinez-Fernandez, J, Marushchenko, M, Masuzaki, S, Maurer, D, Mayer, M, Mccarthy, K, Mccormack, O, Mcneely, P, Meister, H, Mendelevitch, B, Mendes, S, Merlo, A, Messian, A, Mielczarek, A, Mishchenko, O, Missal, B, Mitteau, R, Moiseenko, V, Mollen, A, Moncada, V, Monnich, T, Morisaki, T, Moseev, D, Motojima, G, Mulas, S, Mulsow, M, Nagel, M, Naujoks, D, Naulin, V, Neelis, T, Neilson, H, Neu, R, Neubauer, O, Neuner, U, Nicolai, D, Nielsen, S, Niemann, H, Nishiza, T, Nishizawa, T, Nuhrenberg, C, Ochoukov, R, Oelmann, J, Offermanns, G, Ogawa, K, Okamura, S, Olmanns, J, Ongena, J, Oosterbeek, J, Otte, M, Pablant, N, Alvarez, N, Pandey, A, Pasch, E, Pavlichenko, R, Pavone, A, Pawelec, E, Pechstein, G, Pelka, G, Perseo, V, Peterson, B, Pilopp, D, Pingel, S, Pisano, F, Plockl, B, Plunk, G, Poloskei, P, Pompe, B, Popov, A, Porkolab, M, Proll, J, Pueschel, M, Puiatti, M, Sitjes, A, Purps, F, Rahbarnia, K, Rasinski, M, Rasmussen, J, Reiman, A, Reimold, F, Reisner, M, Reiter, D, Richou, M, Riedl, R, Riemann, J, Risse, K, Roberg-Clark, G, Rohde, V, Romazanov, J, Rondeshagen, D, Rong, P, Rudischhauser, L, Rummel, T, Rummel, K, Runov, A, Rust, N, Ryc, L, Salembier, P, Salewski, M, Sanchez, E, Satake, S, Satheeswaran, G, Schacht, J, Scharff, E, Schauer, F, Schilling, J, Schlisio, G, Schmid, K, Schmitt, J, Schmitz, O, Schneider, W, Schneider, M, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schroder, T, Schroder, M, Schroeder, R, Schweer, B, Schworer, D, Scott, E, Shanahan, B, Sias, G, Sichta, P, Singer, M, Sinha, P, Siplia, S, Slaby, C, Sleczka, M, Smith, H, Smoniewski, J, Sonnendrucker, E, Spolaore, M, Spring, A, Stadler, R, Stanczak, D, Stange, T, Stepanov, I, Stephey, L, Stober, J, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suzuki, C, Suzuki, Y, Svensson, J, Szabolics, T, Szepesi, T, Szucs, M, Tabares, F, Tamura, N, Tancetti, A, Tantos, C, Terry, J, Thienpondt, H, Thomsen, H, Thumm, M, Travere, J, Traverso, P, Tretter, J, Trier, E, Mora, H, Tsujimura, T, Turkin, Y, Tykhyi, A, Unterberg, B, van Eeten, P, van Milligen, B, van Schoor, M, Vano, L, Varoutis, S, Vecsei, M, Vela, L, Velasco, J, Vervier, M, Vianello, N, Viebke, H, Vilbrandt, R, Vogel, G, Vogt, N, Volkhausen, C, von Stechow, A, Wagner, F, Wang, E, Wang, H, Warmer, F, Wauters, T, Wegener, L, Wegner, T, Weir, G, Wenzel, U, White, A, Wilde, F, Wilms, F, Windisch, T, Winkler, M, Winter, A, Winters, V, Wolf, R, Wright, A, Wurden, G, Xanthopoulos, P, Xu, S, Yamada, H, Yamaguchi, H, Yokoyama, M, Yoshinuma, M, Yu, Q, Zamanov, M, Zanini, M, Zarnstorff, M, Zhang, D, Zhou, S, Zhu, J, Zhu, C, Zilker, M, Zocco, A, Zohm, H, Zoletnik, S, Zsuga, L, Pedersen T. S., Abramovic I., Agostinetti P., Torres M. A., Akaslompolo S., Belloso J. A., Aleynikov P., Aleynikova K., Alhashimi M., Ali A., Allen N., Alonso A., Anda G., Andreeva T., Angioni C., Arkhipov A., Arnold A., Asad W., Ascasibar E., Aumeunier M. -H., Avramidis K., Aymerich E., Baek S. -G., Bahner J., Baillod A., Balden M., Baldzuhn J., Ballinger S., Banduch M., Bannmann S., Navarro A. B., Barbui T., Beidler C., Belafdil C., Bencze A., Benndorf A., Beurskens M., Biedermann C., Biletskyi O., Blackwell B., Blatzheim M., Bluhm T., Bockenhoff D., Bongiovi G., Borchardt M., Borodin D., Boscary J., Bosch H., Bosmann T., Boswirth B., Bottger L., Bottino A., Bozhenkov S., Brakel R., Brandt C., Brauer T., Braune H., Brezinsek S., Brunner K., Buller S., Burhenn R., Bussiahn R., Buttenschon B., Buzas A., Bykov V., Calvo I., Mata K. C., Caminal I., Cannas B., Cappa A., Carls A., Carovani F., Carr M., Carralero D., Carvalho B., Casas J., Castano-Bardawil D., Castejon F., Chaudhary N., Chelis I., Chomiczewska A., Coenen J. W., Cole M., Cordella F., Corre Y., Crombe K., Cseh G., Csillag B., Damm H., Day C., de Baar M., De la Cal E., Degenkolbe S., Demby A., Denk S., Dhard C., Di Siena A., Dinklage A., Dittmar T., Dreval M., Drevlak M., Drewelow P., Drews P., Dunai D., Edlund E., Effenberg F., Ehrke G., Endler M., Ennis D. A., Escoto F. J., Estrada T., Fable E., Fahrenkamp N., Fanni A., Faustin J., Fellinger J., Feng Y., Figacz W., Flom E., Ford O., Fornal T., Frerichs H., Freundt S., Fuchert G., Fukuyama M., Fullenbach F., Gantenbein G., Gao Y., Garcia K., Regana J. M. G., Garcia-Cortes I., Gaspar J., Gates D. A., Geiger J., Geiger B., Giudicotti L., Gonzalez A., Goriaev A., Gradic D., Grahl M., Graves J. P., Green J., Grelier E., Greuner H., Gross S., Grote H., Groth M., Gruca M., Grulke O., Grun M., Arnaiz J. G., Gunter S., Haak V., Haas M., Hacker P., Hakola A., Hallenbert A., Hammond K., Han X., Hansen S. K., Harris J. H., Hartfuss H., Hartmann D., Hathiramani D., Hatzky R., Hawke J., Hegedus S., Hein B., Heinemann B., Helander P., Henneberg S., Hergenhahn U., Hidalgo C., Hindenlang F., Hirsch M., Hofel U., Hollfeld K. P., Holtz A., Hopf D., Hoschen D., Houry M., Howard J., Huang X., Hubeny M., Hudson S., Ida K., Igitkhanov Y., Igochine V., Illy S., Ionita-Schrittwieser C., Isobe M., Jablczynska M., Jablonski S., Jagielski B., Jakubowski M., van Vuuren A. J., Jelonnek J., Jenko F., Jensen T., Jenzsch H., Junghanns P., Kaczmarczyk J., Kallmeyer J., Kamionka U., Kandler M., Kasilov S., Kazakov Y., Kennedy D., Kharwandikar A., Khokhlov M., Kiefer C., Killer C., Kirschner A., Kleiber R., Klinger T., Klose S., Knauer J., Knieps A., Kochl F., Kocsis G., Kolesnichenko Ya. I., Konies A., Konig R., Kontula J., Kornejew P., Koschinsky J., Kozulia M. M., Kramer-Flecken A., Krampitz R., Krause M., Krawczyk N., Kremeyer T., Krier L., Kriete D. M., Krychowiak M., Ksiazek I., Kubkowska M., Kuczynski M., Kuhner G., Kumar A., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwak S., Landreman M., Lang P. T., Langenberg A., Laqua H. P., Laqua H., Laube R., Lazerson S., Lewerentz M., Li C., Liang Y., Linsmeier Ch., Lion J., Litnovsky A., Liu S., Lobsien J., Loizu J., Lore J., Lorenz A., Losada U., Louche F., Lunsford R., Lutsenko V., Machielsen M., Mackel F., Maisano-Brown J., Maj O., Makowski D., Manduchi G., Maragkoudakis E., Marchuk O., Marsen S., Martines E., Martinez-Fernandez J., Marushchenko M., Masuzaki S., Maurer D., Mayer M., McCarthy K. J., McCormack O., McNeely P., Meister H., Mendelevitch B., Mendes S., Merlo A., Messian A., Mielczarek A., Mishchenko O., Missal B., Mitteau R., Moiseenko V. E., Mollen A., Moncada V., Monnich T., Morisaki T., Moseev D., Motojima G., Mulas S., Mulsow M., Nagel M., Naujoks D., Naulin V., Neelis T., Neilson H., Neu R., Neubauer O., Neuner U., Nicolai D., Nielsen S. K., Niemann H., Nishiza T., Nishizawa T., Nuhrenberg C., Ochoukov R., Oelmann J., Offermanns G., Ogawa K., Okamura S., Olmanns J., Ongena J., Oosterbeek J., Otte M., Pablant N., Alvarez N. P., Pandey A., Pasch E., Pavlichenko R., Pavone A., Pawelec E., Pechstein G., Pelka G., Perseo V., Peterson B., Pilopp D., Pingel S., Pisano F., Plockl B., Plunk G., Poloskei P., Pompe B., Popov A., Porkolab M., Proll J., Pueschel M. J., Puiatti M. -E., Sitjes A. P., Purps F., Rahbarnia K., Rasinski M., Rasmussen J., Reiman A., Reimold F., Reisner M., Reiter D., Richou M., Riedl R., Riemann J., Risse K., Roberg-Clark G., Rohde V., Romazanov J., Rondeshagen D., Rong P., Rudischhauser L., Rummel T., Rummel K., Runov A., Rust N., Ryc L., Salembier P., Salewski M., Sanchez E., Satake S., Satheeswaran G., Schacht J., Scharff E., Schauer F., Schilling J., Schlisio G., Schmid K., Schmitt J., Schmitz O., Schneider W., Schneider M., Schneider P., Schrittwieser R., Schroder T., Schroder M., Schroeder R., Schweer B., Schworer D., Scott E., Shanahan B., Sias G., Sichta P., Singer M., Sinha P., Siplia S., Slaby C., Sleczka M., Smith H., Smoniewski J., Sonnendrucker E., Spolaore M., Spring A., Stadler R., Stanczak D., Stange T., Stepanov I., Stephey L., Stober J., Stroth U., Strumberger E., Suzuki C., Suzuki Y., Svensson J., Szabolics T., Szepesi T., Szucs M., Tabares F. L., Tamura N., Tancetti A., Tantos C., Terry J., Thienpondt H., Thomsen H., Thumm M., Travere J. M., Traverso P., Tretter J., Trier E., Mora H. T., Tsujimura T., Turkin Y., Tykhyi A., Unterberg B., van Eeten P., van Milligen B. Ph., van Schoor M., Vano L., Varoutis S., Vecsei M., Vela L., Velasco J. L., Vervier M., Vianello N., Viebke H., Vilbrandt R., Vogel G., Vogt N., Volkhausen C., von Stechow A., Wagner F., Wang E., Wang H., Warmer F., Wauters T., Wegener L., Wegner T., Weir G., Wenzel U., White A., Wilde F., Wilms F., Windisch T., Winkler M., Winter A., Winters V., Wolf R., Wright A. M., Wurden G. A., Xanthopoulos P., Xu S., Yamada H., Yamaguchi H., Yokoyama M., Yoshinuma M., Yu Q., Zamanov M., Zanini M., Zarnstorff M., Zhang D., Zhou S., Zhu J., Zhu C., Zilker M., Zocco A., Zohm H., Zoletnik S., Zsuga L., Pedersen, T, Abramovic, I, Agostinetti, P, Torres, M, Akaslompolo, S, Belloso, J, Aleynikov, P, Aleynikova, K, Alhashimi, M, Ali, A, Allen, N, Alonso, A, Anda, G, Andreeva, T, Angioni, C, Arkhipov, A, Arnold, A, Asad, W, Ascasibar, E, Aumeunier, M, Avramidis, K, Aymerich, E, Baek, S, Bahner, J, Baillod, A, Balden, M, Baldzuhn, J, Ballinger, S, Banduch, M, Bannmann, S, Navarro, A, Barbui, T, Beidler, C, Belafdil, C, Bencze, A, Benndorf, A, Beurskens, M, Biedermann, C, Biletskyi, O, Blackwell, B, Blatzheim, M, Bluhm, T, Bockenhoff, D, Bongiovi, G, Borchardt, M, Borodin, D, Boscary, J, Bosch, H, Bosmann, T, Boswirth, B, Bottger, L, Bottino, A, Bozhenkov, S, Brakel, R, Brandt, C, Brauer, T, Braune, H, Brezinsek, S, Brunner, K, Buller, S, Burhenn, R, Bussiahn, R, Buttenschon, B, Buzas, A, Bykov, V, Calvo, I, Mata, K, Caminal, I, Cannas, B, Cappa, A, Carls, A, Carovani, F, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carvalho, B, Casas, J, Castano-Bardawil, D, Castejon, F, Chaudhary, N, Chelis, I, Chomiczewska, A, Coenen, J, Cole, M, Cordella, F, Corre, Y, Crombe, K, Cseh, G, Csillag, B, Damm, H, Day, C, de Baar, M, De la Cal, E, Degenkolbe, S, Demby, A, Denk, S, Dhard, C, Di Siena, A, Dinklage, A, Dittmar, T, Dreval, M, Drevlak, M, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Dunai, D, Edlund, E, Effenberg, F, Ehrke, G, Endler, M, Ennis, D, Escoto, F, Estrada, T, Fable, E, Fahrenkamp, N, Fanni, A, Faustin, J, Fellinger, J, Feng, Y, Figacz, W, Flom, E, Ford, O, Fornal, T, Frerichs, H, Freundt, S, Fuchert, G, Fukuyama, M, Fullenbach, F, Gantenbein, G, Gao, Y, Garcia, K, Regana, J, Garcia-Cortes, I, Gaspar, J, Gates, D, Geiger, J, Geiger, B, Giudicotti, L, Gonzalez, A, Goriaev, A, Gradic, D, Grahl, M, Graves, J, Green, J, Grelier, E, Greuner, H, Gross, S, Grote, H, Groth, M, Gruca, M, Grulke, O, Grun, M, Arnaiz, J, Gunter, S, Haak, V, Haas, M, Hacker, P, Hakola, A, Hallenbert, A, Hammond, K, Han, X, Hansen, S, Harris, J, Hartfuss, H, Hartmann, D, Hathiramani, D, Hatzky, R, Hawke, J, Hegedus, S, Hein, B, Heinemann, B, Helander, P, Henneberg, S, Hergenhahn, U, Hidalgo, C, Hindenlang, F, Hirsch, M, Hofel, U, Hollfeld, K, Holtz, A, Hopf, D, Hoschen, D, Houry, M, Howard, J, Huang, X, Hubeny, M, Hudson, S, Ida, K, Igitkhanov, Y, Igochine, V, Illy, S, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C, Isobe, M, Jablczynska, M, Jablonski, S, Jagielski, B, Jakubowski, M, van Vuuren, A, Jelonnek, J, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Jenzsch, H, Junghanns, P, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallmeyer, J, Kamionka, U, Kandler, M, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kennedy, D, Kharwandikar, A, Khokhlov, M, Kiefer, C, Killer, C, Kirschner, A, Kleiber, R, Klinger, T, Klose, S, Knauer, J, Knieps, A, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kolesnichenko, Y, Konies, A, Konig, R, Kontula, J, Kornejew, P, Koschinsky, J, Kozulia, M, Kramer-Flecken, A, Krampitz, R, Krause, M, Krawczyk, N, Kremeyer, T, Krier, L, Kriete, D, Krychowiak, M, Ksiazek, I, Kubkowska, M, Kuczynski, M, Kuhner, G, Kumar, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Landreman, M, Lang, P, Langenberg, A, Laqua, H, Laube, R, Lazerson, S, Lewerentz, M, Li, C, Liang, Y, Linsmeier, C, Lion, J, Litnovsky, A, Liu, S, Lobsien, J, Loizu, J, Lore, J, Lorenz, A, Losada, U, Louche, F, Lunsford, R, Lutsenko, V, Machielsen, M, Mackel, F, Maisano-Brown, J, Maj, O, Makowski, D, Manduchi, G, Maragkoudakis, E, Marchuk, O, Marsen, S, Martines, E, Martinez-Fernandez, J, Marushchenko, M, Masuzaki, S, Maurer, D, Mayer, M, Mccarthy, K, Mccormack, O, Mcneely, P, Meister, H, Mendelevitch, B, Mendes, S, Merlo, A, Messian, A, Mielczarek, A, Mishchenko, O, Missal, B, Mitteau, R, Moiseenko, V, Mollen, A, Moncada, V, Monnich, T, Morisaki, T, Moseev, D, Motojima, G, Mulas, S, Mulsow, M, Nagel, M, Naujoks, D, Naulin, V, Neelis, T, Neilson, H, Neu, R, Neubauer, O, Neuner, U, Nicolai, D, Nielsen, S, Niemann, H, Nishiza, T, Nishizawa, T, 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Abstract

We present recent highlights from the most recent operation phases of Wendelstein 7-X, the most advanced stellarator in the world. Stable detachment with good particle exhaust, low impurity content, and energy confinement times exceeding 100 ms, have been maintained for tens of seconds. Pellet fueling allows for plasma phases with reduced ion-temperature-gradient turbulence, and during such phases, the overall confinement is so good (energy confinement times often exceeding 200 ms) that the attained density and temperature profiles would not have been possible in less optimized devices, since they would have had neoclassical transport losses exceeding the heating applied in W7-X. This provides proof that the reduction of neoclassical transport through magnetic field optimization is successful. W7-X plasmas generally show good impurity screening and high plasma purity, but there is evidence of longer impurity confinement times during turbulence-suppressed phases.

Published
2022

6. The ECRH-Power Upgrade at the Wendelstein 7-X Stellarator

Author

Laqua, H., Avramidis, K., Braune, H., Chelis, I., Gantenbein, G., Illy, S., Ioannidis, Z., Jelonnek, J., Jin, J., Krier, L., Lechte, C., Leggieri, A., Legrand, F., Marsen, S., Moseev, D., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-8565, Oosterbeek, J., Rzesnicki, T., Ruess, T., Stange, T., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-1455, Thumm, M., Tigelis, I., Wolf, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-5289, and W7-X Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society

Published
2023

7. The ECRH-Power Upgrade at the Wendelstein 7-X Stellarator

Author

W7-X Team, Laqua, H. P., Avramidis, K. A., Braune, H., Chelis, I., Gantenbein, G., Illy, S., Ioannidis, Z., Jelonnek, J., Jin, J., Krier, L., Lechte, C., Leggieri, A., Legrand, F., Marsen, S., Moseev, D., Oosterbeek, H., Rzesnicki, T., Ruess, T., Stange, T., Thumm, M., Tigelis, I., Wolf, R. C., Poli, E., Liu, Y., and Udintsev, V.

Subjects
Technology, ddc:600, W7-X, ECRH
Abstract

The existing ECRH system at W7-X consists of 10 gyrotrons, with output power levels ranging from 0.6 MW up to 1.0 MW each at a frequency of 140 GHz, quasi-optical transmission lines and microwave launchers at the plasma vessel. Compared to other large fusion experiments, W7-X has a relatively low power-to-volume ratio. However high heating power is particularly necessary for achieving high plasma beta values, where the improved confinement of fast ions, one of the optimization criteria of W7-X, can be examined. It is therefore necessary to expand the ECRH systems in several consecutive steps. It is planned to increase the number of gyrotron positions from 10 to 12 and at the same time to evolve the gyrotron output power in several development steps from 1 MW to nominal 1.5 MW and, finally, up to 2 MW. At the same time, the transmission lines will also be upgraded for 2 MW operation. A special effort is also made to improve the reliability of the system by the fast control system.

Published
2023

9. European 1 MW, 170 GHz CW Gyrotron Prototype for ITER - long-pulse operation at KIT -

Author

Rzesnicki, T., primary, Albajar, F., additional, Avramidis, K. A., additional, Chelis, I., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Hogge, J.-P., additional, Illy, S., additional, Ioannidis, Z. C., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Jin, J., additional, Leggieri, A., additional, Legrand, F., additional, Pagonakis, I. Gr., additional, Sanchez, F., additional, and Thumm, M, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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10. Experimental confirmation of efficient island divertor operation and successful neoclassical transport optimization in Wendelstein 7-X

Author

Pedersen, Thomas Sunn, Abramovic, I., Agostinetti, P., Torres, M. Agredano, Äkäslompolo, S., Belloso, J. Alcuson, Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Alhashimi, M., Ali, A., Allen, N., Alonso, A., Anda, G., Andreeva, T., Angioni, C., Arkhipov, A., Arnold, A., Asad, W., Ascasibar, E., Aumeunier, M. H., Avramidis, K., Aymerich, E., Baek, S. G., Bähner, J., Baillod, A., Balden, M., Baldzuhn, J., Ballinger, S., Banduch, M., Bannmann, S., Navarro, A. Bañón, Barbui, T., Beidler, C., Belafdil, C., Bencze, A., Benndorf, A., Beurskens, M., Biedermann, C., Biletskyi, O., Blackwell, B., Blatzheim, M., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Bongiovi, G., Borchardt, M., Borodin, D., Boscary, J., Bosch, H., Bosmann, T., Böswirth, B., Böttger, L., Bottino, A., Bozhenkov, S., Brakel, R., Brandt, C., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K., Buller, S., Burhenn, R., Bussiahn, R., Buttenschön, B., Buzás, A., Bykov, V., Calvo, I., Mata, K. Camacho, Caminal, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carovani, F., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carvalho, B., Casas, J., Castano-Bardawil, D., Castejon, F., Chaudhary, N., Chelis, I., Chomiczewska, A., Coenen, J. W., Cole, M., Cordella, F., Corre, Y., Crombe, K., Cseh, G., Csillag, B., Damm, H., Day, C., de Baar, M., De la Cal, E., Degenkolbe, S., Demby, A., Denk, S., Dhard, C., Di Siena, A., Dinklage, A., Dittmar, T., Dreval, M., Drevlak, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Dunai, D., Edlund, E., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Endler, M., Ennis, D. A., Escoto, F. J., Estrada, T., Fable, E., Fahrenkamp, N., Fanni, A., Faustin, J., Fellinger, J., Feng, Y., Figacz, W., Flom, E., Ford, O., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freundt, S., Fuchert, G., Fukuyama, M., Füllenbach, F., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., Garcia, K., Regaña, J. M.García, García-Cortés, I., Gaspar, J., Gates, D. A., Geiger, J., Geiger, B., Giudicotti, L., González, A., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Graves, J. P., Green, J., Grelier, E., Greuner, H., Groß, S., Grote, H., Groth, M., Gruca, M., Grulke, O., Grün, M., Arnaiz, J. Guerrero, Günter, S., Haak, V., Haas, M., Hacker, P., Hakola, A., Hallenbert, A., Hammond, K., Han, X., Hansen, S. K., Harris, J. H., Hartfuß, H., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hatzky, R., Hawke, J., Hegedus, S., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Helander, P., Henneberg, S., Hergenhahn, U., Hidalgo, C., Hindenlang, F., Hirsch, M., Höfel, U., Hollfeld, K. P., Holtz, A., Hopf, D., Höschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Hubeny, M., Hudson, S., Ida, K., Igitkhanov, Y., Igochine, V., Illy, S., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isobe, M., Jabłczynska, M., Jablonski, S., Jagielski, B., Jakubowski, M., van Vuuren, A. Jansen, Jelonnek, J., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Jenzsch, H., Junghanns, P., Kaczmarczyk, J., Kallmeyer, J., Kamionka, U., Kandler, M., Kasilov, S., Kazakov, Y., Kennedy, D., Kharwandikar, A., Khokhlov, M., Kiefer, C., Killer, C., Kirschner, A., Kleiber, R., Klinger, T., Klose, S., Knauer, J., Knieps, A., Köchl, F., Kocsis, G., Kolesnichenko, Ya I., Könies, A., König, R., Kontula, J., Kornejew, P., Koschinsky, J., Kozulia, M. M., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krampitz, R., Krause, M., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krier, L., Kriete, D. M., Krychowiak, M., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kuczynski, M., Kühner, G., Kumar, A., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwak, S., Landreman, M., Lang, P. T., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lazerson, S., Lewerentz, M., Li, C., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, Ch, Lion, J., Litnovsky, A., Liu, S., Lobsien, J., Loizu, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losada, U., Louche, F., Lunsford, R., Lutsenko, V., Machielsen, M., Mackel, F., Maisano-Brown, J., Maj, O., Makowski, D., Manduchi, G., Maragkoudakis, E., Marchuk, O., Marsen, S., Martines, E., Martinez-Fernandez, J., Marushchenko, M., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., Mayer, M., McCarthy, K. J., McCormack, O., McNeely, P., Meister, H., Mendelevitch, B., Mendes, S., Merlo, A., Messian, A., Mielczarek, A., Mishchenko, O., Missal, B., Mitteau, R., Moiseenko, V. E., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Mönnich, T., Morisaki, T., Moseev, D., Motojima, G., Mulas, S., Mulsow, M., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Naulin, V., Neelis, T., Neilson, H., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Neuner, U., Nicolai, D., Nielsen, S. K., Niemann, H., Nishiza, T., Nishizawa, T., Nührenberg, C., Ochoukov, R., Oelmann, J., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., Okamura, S., Ölmanns, J., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J., Otte, M., Pablant, N., Alvarez, N. Panadero, Pandey, A., Pasch, E., Pavlichenko, R., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Pechstein, G., Pelka, G., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plöckl, B., Plunk, G., Pölöskei, P., Pompe, B., Popov, A., Porkolab, M., Proll, J., Pueschel, M. J., Puiatti, M. E., Sitjes, A. Puig, Purps, F., Rahbarnia, K., Rasinski, M., Rasmussen, J., Reiman, A., Reimold, F., Reisner, M., Reiter, D., Richou, M., Riedl, R., Riemann, J., Riße, K., Roberg-Clark, G., Rohde, V., Romazanov, J., Rondeshagen, D., Rong, P., Rudischhauser, L., Rummel, T., Rummel, K., Runov, A., Rust, N., Ryc, L., Salembier, P., Salewski, M., Sanchez, E., Satake, S., Satheeswaran, G., Schacht, J., Scharff, E., Schauer, F., Schilling, J., Schlisio, G., Schmid, K., Schmitt, J., Schmitz, O., Schneider, W., Schneider, M., Schneider, P., Schrittwieser, R., Schröder, T., Schröder, M., Schroeder, R., Schweer, B., Schwörer, D., Scott, E., Shanahan, B., Sias, G., Sichta, P., Singer, M., Sinha, P., Sipliä, S., Slaby, C., Sleczka, M., Smith, H., Smoniewski, J., Sonnendrücker, E., Spolaore, M., Spring, A., Stadler, R., Stanczak, D., Stange, T., Stepanov, I., Stephey, L., Stober, J., Stroth, U., Strumberger, E., Suzuki, C., Suzuki, Y., Svensson, J., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, T., Szücs, M., Tabarés, F. L., Tamura, N., Tancetti, A., Tantos, C., Terry, J., Thienpondt, H., Thomsen, H., Thumm, M., Travere, J. M., Traverso, P., Tretter, J., Trier, E., Mora, H. Trimino, Tsujimura, T., Turkin, Y., Tykhyi, A., Unterberg, B., van Eeten, P., van Milligen, B. Ph, van Schoor, M., Vano, L., Varoutis, S., Vecsei, M., Vela, L., Velasco, J. L., Vervier, M., Vianello, N., Viebke, H., Vilbrandt, R., Vogel, G., Vogt, N., Volkhausen, C., von Stechow, A., Wagner, F., Wang, E., Wang, H., Warmer, F., Wauters, T., Wegener, L., Wegner, T., Weir, G., Wenzel, U., White, A., Wilde, F., Wilms, F., Windisch, T., Winkler, M., Winter, A., Winters, V., Wolf, R., Wright, A. M., Wurden, G. A., Xanthopoulos, P., Xu, S., Yamada, H., Yamaguchi, H., Yokoyama, M., Yoshinuma, M., Yu, Q., Zamanov, M., Zanini, M., Zarnstorff, M., Zhang, D., Zhou, S., Zhu, J., Zhu, C., Zilker, M., Zocco, A., Zohm, H., Zoletnik, S., Zsuga, L., Pedersen, Thomas Sunn, Abramovic, I., Agostinetti, P., Torres, M. Agredano, Äkäslompolo, S., Belloso, J. Alcuson, Aleynikov, P., Aleynikova, K., Alhashimi, M., Ali, A., Allen, N., Alonso, A., Anda, G., Andreeva, T., Angioni, C., Arkhipov, A., Arnold, A., Asad, W., Ascasibar, E., Aumeunier, M. H., Avramidis, K., Aymerich, E., Baek, S. G., Bähner, J., Baillod, A., Balden, M., Baldzuhn, J., Ballinger, S., Banduch, M., Bannmann, S., Navarro, A. Bañón, Barbui, T., Beidler, C., Belafdil, C., Bencze, A., Benndorf, A., Beurskens, M., Biedermann, C., Biletskyi, O., Blackwell, B., Blatzheim, M., Bluhm, T., Böckenhoff, D., Bongiovi, G., Borchardt, M., Borodin, D., Boscary, J., Bosch, H., Bosmann, T., Böswirth, B., Böttger, L., Bottino, A., Bozhenkov, S., Brakel, R., Brandt, C., Bräuer, T., Braune, H., Brezinsek, S., Brunner, K., Buller, S., Burhenn, R., Bussiahn, R., Buttenschön, B., Buzás, A., Bykov, V., Calvo, I., Mata, K. Camacho, Caminal, I., Cannas, B., Cappa, A., Carls, A., Carovani, F., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carvalho, B., Casas, J., Castano-Bardawil, D., Castejon, F., Chaudhary, N., Chelis, I., Chomiczewska, A., Coenen, J. W., Cole, M., Cordella, F., Corre, Y., Crombe, K., Cseh, G., Csillag, B., Damm, H., Day, C., de Baar, M., De la Cal, E., Degenkolbe, S., Demby, A., Denk, S., Dhard, C., Di Siena, A., Dinklage, A., Dittmar, T., Dreval, M., Drevlak, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Dunai, D., Edlund, E., Effenberg, F., Ehrke, G., Endler, M., Ennis, D. A., Escoto, F. J., Estrada, T., Fable, E., Fahrenkamp, N., Fanni, A., Faustin, J., Fellinger, J., Feng, Y., Figacz, W., Flom, E., Ford, O., Fornal, T., Frerichs, H., Freundt, S., Fuchert, G., Fukuyama, M., Füllenbach, F., Gantenbein, G., Gao, Y., Garcia, K., Regaña, J. M.García, García-Cortés, I., Gaspar, J., Gates, D. A., Geiger, J., Geiger, B., Giudicotti, L., González, A., Goriaev, A., Gradic, D., Grahl, M., Graves, J. P., Green, J., Grelier, E., Greuner, H., Groß, S., Grote, H., Groth, M., Gruca, M., Grulke, O., Grün, M., Arnaiz, J. Guerrero, Günter, S., Haak, V., Haas, M., Hacker, P., Hakola, A., Hallenbert, A., Hammond, K., Han, X., Hansen, S. K., Harris, J. H., Hartfuß, H., Hartmann, D., Hathiramani, D., Hatzky, R., Hawke, J., Hegedus, S., Hein, B., Heinemann, B., Helander, P., Henneberg, S., Hergenhahn, U., Hidalgo, C., Hindenlang, F., Hirsch, M., Höfel, U., Hollfeld, K. P., Holtz, A., Hopf, D., Höschen, D., Houry, M., Howard, J., Huang, X., Hubeny, M., Hudson, S., Ida, K., Igitkhanov, Y., Igochine, V., Illy, S., Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., Isobe, M., Jabłczynska, M., Jablonski, S., Jagielski, B., Jakubowski, M., van Vuuren, A. Jansen, Jelonnek, J., Jenko, F., Jensen, T., Jenzsch, H., Junghanns, P., Kaczmarczyk, J., Kallmeyer, J., Kamionka, U., Kandler, M., Kasilov, S., Kazakov, Y., Kennedy, D., Kharwandikar, A., Khokhlov, M., Kiefer, C., Killer, C., Kirschner, A., Kleiber, R., Klinger, T., Klose, S., Knauer, J., Knieps, A., Köchl, F., Kocsis, G., Kolesnichenko, Ya I., Könies, A., König, R., Kontula, J., Kornejew, P., Koschinsky, J., Kozulia, M. M., Krämer-Flecken, A., Krampitz, R., Krause, M., Krawczyk, N., Kremeyer, T., Krier, L., Kriete, D. M., Krychowiak, M., Ksiazek, I., Kubkowska, M., Kuczynski, M., Kühner, G., Kumar, A., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwak, S., Landreman, M., Lang, P. T., Langenberg, A., Laqua, H., Laube, R., Lazerson, S., Lewerentz, M., Li, C., Liang, Y., Linsmeier, Ch, Lion, J., Litnovsky, A., Liu, S., Lobsien, J., Loizu, J., Lore, J., Lorenz, A., Losada, U., Louche, F., Lunsford, R., Lutsenko, V., Machielsen, M., Mackel, F., Maisano-Brown, J., Maj, O., Makowski, D., Manduchi, G., Maragkoudakis, E., Marchuk, O., Marsen, S., Martines, E., Martinez-Fernandez, J., Marushchenko, M., Masuzaki, S., Maurer, D., Mayer, M., McCarthy, K. J., McCormack, O., McNeely, P., Meister, H., Mendelevitch, B., Mendes, S., Merlo, A., Messian, A., Mielczarek, A., Mishchenko, O., Missal, B., Mitteau, R., Moiseenko, V. E., Mollen, A., Moncada, V., Mönnich, T., Morisaki, T., Moseev, D., Motojima, G., Mulas, S., Mulsow, M., Nagel, M., Naujoks, D., Naulin, V., Neelis, T., Neilson, H., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Neuner, U., Nicolai, D., Nielsen, S. K., Niemann, H., Nishiza, T., Nishizawa, T., Nührenberg, C., Ochoukov, R., Oelmann, J., Offermanns, G., Ogawa, K., Okamura, S., Ölmanns, J., Ongena, J., Oosterbeek, J., Otte, M., Pablant, N., Alvarez, N. Panadero, Pandey, A., Pasch, E., Pavlichenko, R., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Pechstein, G., Pelka, G., Perseo, V., Peterson, B., Pilopp, D., Pingel, S., Pisano, F., Plöckl, B., Plunk, G., Pölöskei, P., Pompe, B., Popov, A., Porkolab, M., Proll, J., Pueschel, M. J., Puiatti, M. E., Sitjes, A. 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Abstract

We present recent highlights from the most recent operation phases of Wendelstein 7-X, the most advanced stellarator in the world. Stable detachment with good particle exhaust, low impurity content, and energy confinement times exceeding 100 ms, have been maintained for tens of seconds. Pellet fueling allows for plasma phases with reduced ion-temperature-gradient turbulence, and during such phases, the overall confinement is so good (energy confinement times often exceeding 200 ms) that the attained density and temperature profiles would not have been possible in less optimized devices, since they would have had neoclassical transport losses exceeding the heating applied in W7-X. This provides proof that the reduction of neoclassical transport through magnetic field optimization is successful. W7-X plasmas generally show good impurity screening and high plasma purity, but there is evidence of longer impurity confinement times during turbulence-suppressed phases.

Published
2022

11. Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron—Long Pulse Operation

Author

Rzesnicki, T., primary, Ioannidis, Z. C., additional, Avramidis, K. A., additional, Chelis, I., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Hogge, J.-P., additional, Illy, S., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Jin, J., additional, Leggieri, A., additional, Legrand, F., additional, Pagonakis, I. Gr., additional, Sanchez, F., additional, and Thumm, M., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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12. Experimental confirmation of efficient island divertor operation and successful neoclassical transport optimization in Wendelstein 7-X

Author

Sunn Pedersen, Thomas, primary, Abramovic, I., additional, Agostinetti, P., additional, Agredano Torres, M., additional, Äkäslompolo, S., additional, Alcuson Belloso, J., additional, Aleynikov, P., additional, Aleynikova, K., additional, Alhashimi, M., additional, Ali, A., additional, Allen, N., additional, Alonso, A., additional, Anda, G., additional, Andreeva, T., additional, Angioni, C., additional, Arkhipov, A., additional, Arnold, A., additional, Asad, W., additional, Ascasibar, E., additional, Aumeunier, M.-H., additional, Avramidis, K., additional, Aymerich, E., additional, Baek, S.-G., additional, Bähner, J., additional, Baillod, A., additional, Balden, M., additional, Baldzuhn, J., additional, Ballinger, S., additional, Banduch, M., additional, Bannmann, S., additional, Banon Navarro, A., additional, Bañón Navarro, A., additional, Barbui, T., additional, Beidler, C., additional, Belafdil, C., additional, Bencze, A., additional, Benndorf, A., additional, Beurskens, M., additional, Biedermann, C., additional, Biletskyi, O., additional, Blackwell, B., additional, Blatzheim, M., additional, Bluhm, T., additional, Böckenhoff, D., additional, Bongiovi, G., additional, Borchardt, M., additional, Borodin, D., additional, Boscary, J., additional, Bosch, H., additional, Bosmann, T., additional, Böswirth, B., additional, Böttger, L., additional, Bottino, A., additional, Bozhenkov, S., additional, Brakel, R., additional, Brandt, C., additional, Bräuer, T., additional, Braune, H., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brunner, K., additional, Buller, S., additional, Burhenn, R., additional, Bussiahn, R., additional, Buttenschön, B., additional, Buzás, A., additional, Bykov, V., additional, Calvo, I., additional, Camacho Mata, K., additional, Caminal, I., additional, Cannas, B., additional, Cappa, A., additional, Carls, A., additional, Carovani, F., additional, Carr, M., additional, Carralero, D., additional, Carvalho, B., additional, Casas, J., additional, Castano-Bardawil, D., additional, Castejon, F., additional, Chaudhary, N., additional, Chelis, I., additional, Chomiczewska, A., additional, Coenen, J.W., additional, Cole, M., additional, Cordella, F., additional, Corre, Y., additional, Crombe, K., additional, Cseh, G., additional, Csillag, B., additional, Damm, H., additional, Day, C., additional, de Baar, M., additional, De la Cal, E., additional, Degenkolbe, S., additional, Demby, A., additional, Denk, S., additional, Dhard, C., additional, Di Siena, A., additional, Dinklage, A., additional, Dittmar, T., additional, Dreval, M., additional, Drevlak, M., additional, Drewelow, P., additional, Drews, P., additional, Dunai, D., additional, Edlund, E., additional, Effenberg, F., additional, Ehrke, G., additional, Endler, M., additional, Ennis, D.A., additional, Escoto, F.J., additional, Estrada, T., additional, Fable, E., additional, Fahrenkamp, N., additional, Fanni, A., additional, Faustin, J., additional, Fellinger, J., additional, Feng, Y., additional, Figacz, W., additional, Flom, E., additional, Ford, O., additional, Fornal, T., additional, Frerichs, H., additional, Freundt, S., additional, Fuchert, G., additional, Fukuyama, M., additional, Füllenbach, F., additional, Gantenbein, G., additional, Gao, Y., additional, Garcia, K., additional, García Regaña, J.M., additional, García-Cortés, I., additional, Gaspar, J., additional, Gates, D.A., additional, Geiger, J., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Giudicotti, L., additional, González, A., additional, Goriaev, A., additional, Gradic, D., additional, Grahl, M., additional, Graves, J.P., additional, Green, J., additional, Grelier, E., additional, Greuner, H., additional, Groß, S., additional, Grote, H., additional, Groth, M., additional, Gruca, M., additional, Grulke, O., additional, Grün, M., additional, Guerrero Arnaiz, J., additional, Günter, S., additional, Haak, V., additional, Haas, M., additional, Hacker, P., additional, Hakola, A., additional, Hallenbert, A., additional, Hammond, K., additional, Han, X., additional, Hansen, S.K., additional, Harris, J.H., additional, Hartfuß, H., additional, Hartmann, D., additional, Hathiramani, D., additional, Hatzky, R., additional, Hawke, J., additional, Hegedus, S., additional, Hein, B., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Helander, P., additional, Henneberg, S., additional, Hergenhahn, U., additional, Hidalgo, C., additional, Hindenlang, F., additional, Hirsch, M., additional, Höfel, U., additional, Hollfeld, K.P., additional, Holtz, A., additional, Hopf, D., additional, Höschen, D., additional, Houry, M., additional, Howard, J., additional, Huang, X., additional, Hubeny, M., additional, Hudson, S., additional, Ida, K., additional, Igitkhanov, Y., additional, Igochine, V., additional, Illy, S., additional, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., additional, Isobe, M., additional, Jabłczyńska, M., additional, Jablonski, S., additional, Jagielski, B., additional, Jakubowski, M., additional, Jansen van Vuuren, A., additional, Jelonnek, J., additional, Jenko, F., additional, Jensen, T., additional, Jenzsch, H., additional, Junghanns, P., additional, Kaczmarczyk, J., additional, Kallmeyer, J., additional, Kamionka, U., additional, Kandler, M., additional, Kasilov, S., additional, Kazakov, Y., additional, Kennedy, D., additional, Kharwandikar, A., additional, Khokhlov, M., additional, Kiefer, C., additional, Killer, C., additional, Kirschner, A., additional, Kleiber, R., additional, Klinger, T., additional, Klose, S., additional, Knauer, J., additional, Knieps, A., additional, Köchl, F., additional, Kocsis, G., additional, Kolesnichenko, Ya.I., additional, Könies, A., additional, König, R., additional, Kontula, J., additional, Kornejew, P., additional, Koschinsky, J., additional, Kozulia, M.M., additional, Krämer-Flecken, A., additional, Krampitz, R., additional, Krause, M., additional, Krawczyk, N., additional, Kremeyer, T., additional, Krier, L., additional, Kriete, D.M., additional, Krychowiak, M., additional, Ksiazek, I., additional, Kubkowska, M., additional, Kuczynski, M., additional, Kühner, G., additional, Kumar, A., additional, Kurki-Suonio, T., additional, Kwak, S., additional, Landreman, M., additional, Lang, P.T., additional, Langenberg, A., additional, Laqua, H.P., additional, Laqua, H., additional, Laube, R., additional, Lazerson, S., additional, Lewerentz, M., additional, Li, C., additional, Liang, Y., additional, Linsmeier, Ch., additional, Lion, J., additional, Litnovsky, A., additional, Liu, S., additional, Lobsien, J., additional, Loizu, J., additional, Lore, J., additional, Lorenz, A., additional, Losada, U., additional, Louche, F., additional, Lunsford, R., additional, Lutsenko, V., additional, Machielsen, M., additional, Mackel, F., additional, Maisano-Brown, J., additional, Maj, O., additional, Makowski, D., additional, Manduchi, G., additional, Maragkoudakis, E., additional, Marchuk, O., additional, Marsen, S., additional, Martines, E., additional, Martinez-Fernandez, J., additional, Marushchenko, M., additional, Masuzaki, S., additional, Maurer, D., additional, Mayer, M., additional, McCarthy, K.J., additional, Mccormack, O., additional, McNeely, P., additional, Meister, H., additional, Mendelevitch, B., additional, Mendes, S., additional, Merlo, A., additional, Messian, A., additional, Mielczarek, A., additional, Mishchenko, O., additional, Missal, B., additional, Mitteau, R., additional, Moiseenko, V.E., additional, Mollen, A., additional, Moncada, V., additional, Mönnich, T., additional, Morisaki, T., additional, Moseev, D., additional, Motojima, G., additional, Mulas, S., additional, Mulsow, M., additional, Nagel, M., additional, Naujoks, D., additional, Naulin, V., additional, Neelis, T., additional, Neilson, H., additional, Neu, R., additional, Neubauer, O., additional, Neuner, U., additional, Nicolai, D., additional, Nielsen, S.K., additional, Niemann, H., additional, Nishiza, T., additional, Nishizawa, T., additional, Nührenberg, C., additional, Ochoukov, R., additional, Oelmann, J., additional, Offermanns, G., additional, Ogawa, K., additional, Okamura, S., additional, Ölmanns, J., additional, Ongena, J., additional, Oosterbeek, J., additional, Otte, M., additional, Pablant, N., additional, Panadero Alvarez, N., additional, Pandey, A., additional, Pasch, E., additional, Pavlichenko, R., additional, Pavone, A., additional, Pawelec, E., additional, Pechstein, G., additional, Pelka, G., additional, Perseo, V., additional, Peterson, B., additional, Pilopp, D., additional, Pingel, S., additional, Pisano, F., additional, Plöckl, B., additional, Plunk, G., additional, Pölöskei, P., additional, Pompe, B., additional, Popov, A., additional, Porkolab, M., additional, Proll, J., additional, Pueschel, M.J., additional, Puiatti, M.-E., additional, Puig Sitjes, A., additional, Purps, F., additional, Rahbarnia, K., additional, Rasiński, M., additional, Rasmussen, J., additional, Reiman, A., additional, Reimold, F., additional, Reisner, M., additional, Reiter, D., additional, Richou, M., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Riemann, J., additional, Riße, K., additional, Roberg-Clark, G., additional, Rohde, V., additional, Romazanov, J., additional, Rondeshagen, D., additional, Rong, P., additional, Rudischhauser, L., additional, Rummel, T., additional, Rummel, K., additional, Runov, A., additional, Rust, N., additional, Ryc, L., additional, Salembier, P., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Sanchez, E., additional, Satake, S., additional, Satheeswaran, G., additional, Schacht, J., additional, Scharff, E., additional, Schauer, F., additional, Schilling, J., additional, Schlisio, G., additional, Schmid, K., additional, Schmitt, J., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Schneider, W., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schneider, P., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Schröder, T., additional, Schröder, M., additional, Schroeder, R., additional, Schweer, B., additional, Schwörer, D., additional, Scott, E., additional, Shanahan, B., additional, Sias, G., additional, Sichta, P., additional, Singer, M., additional, Sinha, P., additional, Sipliä, S., additional, Slaby, C., additional, Sleczka, M., additional, Smith, H., additional, Smoniewski, J., additional, Sonnendrücker, E., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Spring, A., additional, Stadler, R., additional, Stańczak, D., additional, Stange, T., additional, Stepanov, I., additional, Stephey, L., additional, Stober, J., additional, Stroth, U., additional, Strumberger, E., additional, Suzuki, C., additional, Suzuki, Y., additional, Svensson, J., additional, Szabolics, T., additional, Szepesi, T., additional, Szücs, M., additional, Tabarés, F.L., additional, Tamura, N., additional, Tancetti, A., additional, Tantos, C., additional, Terry, J., additional, Thienpondt, H., additional, Thomsen, H., additional, Thumm, M., additional, Travere, J.M., additional, Traverso, P., additional, Tretter, J., additional, Trier, E., additional, Trimino Mora, H., additional, Tsujimura, T., additional, Turkin, Y., additional, Tykhyi, A., additional, Unterberg, B., additional, van Eeten, P., additional, van Milligen, B.Ph., additional, van Schoor, M., additional, Vano, L., additional, Varoutis, S., additional, Vecsei, M., additional, Vela, L., additional, Velasco, J.L., additional, Vervier, M., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Viebke, H., additional, Vilbrandt, R., additional, Vogel, G., additional, Vogt, N., additional, Volkhausen, C., additional, von Stechow, A., additional, Wagner, F., additional, Wang, E., additional, Wang, H., additional, Warmer, F., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Wegener, L., additional, Wegner, T., additional, Weir, G., additional, Wenzel, U., additional, White, A., additional, Wilde, F., additional, Wilms, F., additional, Windisch, T., additional, Winkler, M., additional, Winter, A., additional, Winters, V., additional, Wolf, R., additional, Wright, A.M., additional, Wurden, G.A., additional, Xanthopoulos, P., additional, Xu, S., additional, Yamada, H., additional, Yamaguchi, H., additional, Yokoyama, M., additional, Yoshinuma, M., additional, Yu, Q., additional, Zamanov, M., additional, Zanini, M., additional, Zarnstorff, M., additional, Zhang, D., additional, Zhou, S., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Zhu, C., additional, Zilker, M., additional, Zocco, A., additional, Zohm, H., additional, Zoletnik, S., additional, and Zsuga, L., additional

Published
2022
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13. Operations with spherical calorimetric loads in different configurations at gyrotron test stands at EPFL and QST

Author

Bin, W., Bruschi, A., Fanale, F., Lucca, F., Alberti, S., Carannante, G., Cavinato, M., Goodman, T., J.-P., Hogge, Legrand, F., Sanchez, F., Koji, Takahashi, Albajar, F., Chelis, I., F., Dell'Era, Fasel, D., Gantenbein, G., Granucci, G., Ryosuke, Ikeda, Illy, S., Ioannidis, Z., Jelonnek, J., Meller, V., Minelli, Nardone, A., Yasuhisa, Oda, Pagonakis, I., Rispoli, N., Rzesnicki, T., Sartori, Silva, M., Simonetto, A., Thumm, M., and Tigelis, I.

Abstract

A research activity in the Institute for Plasma Science and Technology of National Research Council (ISTP-CNR, Italy, former IFP-CNR) and in L.T. Calcoli (LTC, Italy) is aimed at the design and construction of calorimetric loads for absorption and measurement of high power millimeter-waves in the electron cyclotron frequency range. Recently, two CW 170 GHz loads, one for the European ITER gyrotron test facility and the other for the FALCON test- bed, have been installed at the Swiss Plasma Center (SPC, Switzerland). One short pulse (2 s) load for 1 MW, designed and optimised to operate at two different frequencies (84 GHz and 126 GHz), was provided for testing and conditioning two new dual-frequency gyrotrons for the Tokamak à Configuration Variable (TCV, Switzerland). Two additional CW loads, designed for absorbing powers higher than 1 MW, have been delivered to the National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST, Japan) and exploited for the acceptance tests and the conditioning of the prototype of the Japanese ITER gyrotron. The present status and the most recent experimental results achieved in the framework of this development activity are reported in the paper.

Published
2020

14. Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron – Long Pulse Operation

Author

Rzesnicki, T. Ioannidis, Z.C. Avramidis, K.A. Chelis, I. Gantenbein, G. Hogge, J. Illy, S. Jelonnek, J. Jin, J. Leggieri, A. Legrand, F. Pagonakis, I.G. Sanchez, F. Thumm, M.

Abstract

The upgraded European 1-MW, 170-GHz continuous wave (CW) industrial prototype gyrotron (TH1509U) for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive in ITER was tested at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). In this work, we report on the major achievements during the experimental campaigns that took place intermittently between October 2020 and July 2021. The upgraded gyrotron clearly surpassed the performance of the previous TH1509 tube. In particular, TH1509U delivered (i) 0.9 MW in 180 s pulses (maximum possible pulse length with the KIT test stand) and (ii) more than 1 MW at a pulse length limited to 40 s, due to an unforeseen problem with the test stand cooling circuit at that time. In addition, it was possible to also demonstrate gyrotron operation at (iii) 0.5 MW in 1600 s pulses. The experiments will be continued at the FALCON test stand at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). IEEE

Published
2022

16. Generation of 1.5 MW-140 GHz Pulses with the Modular Pre-Prototype Gyrotron for W7-X

Author

Ioannidis, Z.C. Avramidis, K.A. Rzesnicki, T. Chelis, I. Gantenbein, G. Illy, S. Jin, J. Pagonakis, I.G. Thumm, M. Jelonnek, J.

Abstract

In anticipation of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating system upgrade for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, a 1.5 MW - 140 GHz continuous-wave gyrotron is under development. In order to provide a first experimental verification of the scientific RF and electron beam optics design of the gyrotron with ms pulses, the Karlsruhe Intitule of Technology has developed a short-pulse pre-prototype gyrotron. In this work, we present details regarding the construction of the pre-prototype as well as measurements from the first experimental campaign delivering up to 1.6 MW in short pulses. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

Published
2021

17. Towards a 1.5 MW, 140 GHz gyrotron for the upgraded ECRH system at W7-X

Author

Avramidis, K.A. Ioannidis, Z.C. Aiello, G. Bénin, P. Chelis, I. Dinklage, A. Gantenbein, G. Illy, S. Jelonnek, J. Jin, J. Laqua, H.P. Leggieri, A. Legrand, F. Marek, A. Marsen, S. Pagonakis, I.G. Ruess, T. Rzesnicki, T. Scherer, T. Strauss, D. Thumm, M. Tigelis, I. Wagner, D. Weggen, J. Wolf, R.C. the Wendelstein 7-X Team

Abstract

For the required upgrades of the Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating system at the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, the development of a 1.5 MW 140 GHz Continuous Wave (CW) prototype gyrotron has started. KIT has been responsible to deliver the scientific design of the tube (i.e. the electron optics design and the RF design), with contributions from NKUA and IPP. The prototype gyrotron has been ordered at the industrial partner, Thales, France, and is expected to be delivered in 2021. In parallel, a short-pulse pre-prototype gyrotron has been developed at KIT, to provide the means for a first experimental validation of the scientific design in ms pulses, prior to the construction of the CW prototype. This paper reports on the status of the 1.5 MW CW gyrotron development, focusing on the scientific design and its numerical and experimental validation. © 2021 Konstantinos A. Avramidis, Zisis C. Ioannidis, Gaetano Aiello, Patrick Bénin, Ioannis Chelis, Andreas Dinklage, Gerd Gantenbein, Stefan Illy, John Jelonnek, Jianbo Jin, Heinrich P. Laqua, Alberto Leggieri, François Legrand, Alexander Marek, Stefan Marsen, Ioannis Gr. Pagonakis, Tobias Ruess, Tomasz Rzesnicki, Theo Scherer, Dirk Strauss, Manfred Thumm, Ioannis Tigelis, Dietmar Wagner, Jörg Weggen, Robert C. Wolf, the Wendelstein 7-X Team

Published
2021

18. Research on Gyrotron Components and Control for Advanced EC Heating, Plasma Control and Diagnostics

Author

Jelonnek J., Aiello G., Alberti S., Avramidis K., Braune H., Bruschi A., Chelis I., Ell B., Franke T., Gantenbein G., Hogge J.P., Illy S., Ioannidis Z., Jin J., Laqua H., Latsas G., Marek A., Marsen S., Moseev D., Oosterbeek J.W., Peponis D., Krier L., Ruess T., Rzesnicki T., Savoldi L., Scherer T., Spaeh P., Stanculovic S., Stange T., Strauss D., Thumm M., Tigelis I., Tran M.Q., Wolf R., and Wu C.

Subjects
Plasma Control and Diagnostics, Gyrotron Components, Control for Advanced EC Heating
Abstract

Research on Gyrotron Components and Control for Advanced EC Heating, Plasma Control and Diagnostics.

Published
2021

19. Operations with Spherical Calorimetric Loads in Different Configurations at Gyrotron Test Stands at EPFL and QST

Author

Bin, W. Bruschi, A. Fanale, F. Lucca, F. Alberti, S. and Carannante, G. Cavinato, M. Goodman, T. Hogge, J-P and Legrand, F. Sanchez, F. Takahashi, K. Albajar, F. and Chelis, I Dell'Era, F. Fasel, D. Gantenbein, G. and Granucci, G. Ikeda, R. Illy, S. Ioannidis, Z. Jelonnek, J. Mellera, V Minelli Nardone, A. Oda, Y. Pagonakis, I Rispoli, N. Rzesnicki, T. Sartori Silva, M. and Simonetto, A. Thumm, M. Tigelis, I

Abstract

A research activity in the Institute for Plasma Science and Technology of National Research Council (ISTP-CNR, Italy, former IFP-CNR) and in L.T. Calcoli (LTC, Italy) is aimed at the design and construction of calorimetric loads for absorption and measurement of high power millimeter-waves in the electron cyclotron frequency range. Recently, two CW 170 GHz loads, one for the European ITER gyrotron test facility and the other for the FALCON test- bed, have been installed at the Swiss Plasma Center (SPC, Switzerland). One short pulse (2 s) load for 1 MW, designed and optimised to operate at two different frequencies (84 GHz and 126 GHz), was provided for testing and conditioning two new dual-frequency gyrotrons for the Tokamak a Configuration Variable (TCV, Switzerland). Two additional CW loads, designed for absorbing powers higher than 1 MW, have been delivered to the National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST, Japan) and exploited for the acceptance tests and the conditioning of the prototype of the Japanese ITER gyrotron. The present status and the most recent experimental results achieved in the framework of this development activity are reported in the paper.

Published
2020

20. Experimental Classification and Enhanced Suppression of Parasitic Oscillations in Gyrotron Beam Tunnels

Author

Ioannidis, Z.C. Chelis, I. Gantenbein, G. Rzesnicki, T. Jelonnek, J.

Abstract

High-power gyrotrons may suffer from parasitic oscillations that are excited in the electron-beam compression zone. Different damping structures are proposed in the literature that reduce the possibility of parasitic excitation by increasing the starting currents of the modes. In this work, we focus on a dielectric-loaded (stacked) beam tunnel. Based on our previous theoretical studies, we make targeted modifications to the beam tunnel in order to classify the parasitic signals and localize the areas where they are excited. After two successive modifications, the beam tunnel exhibits improved behavior with higher starting currents of the parasitic modes. The experiments are performed by using a modular 170-GHz, 1-MW short-pulse gyrotron, which due to its flanged construction gives the possibility to modify the beam tunnel without affecting the rest of the tube. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

Published
2020

21. Tests and developments of a long-pulse high-power 170 GHz absorbing matched load

Author

Bin, W., Bruschi, A., Fanale, F., Francesca, M., Lucca, F., Albajar, F., Alberti, S., Carannante, G., Cavinato, M., Chelis, I., F., Dell'Era, Fasel, D., Gantenbein, G., Goodman, T., Granucci, G., J.-P., Hogge, Ikeda, R., Ioannidis, Z., Legrand, F., Mellera, V., Minelli, D., Nardone, A., Pagonakis, I., Rispoli, N., Rzesnicki, T., Sanchez, F., Spinicchia, N., Takahashi, K., Tigelis, I., F., Viganò, Ikeda, Ryosuke, and Takahashi, Koji

Abstract

The future EC systems will consist of several gyrotron sources providing MW-level millimeter wave power at a frequency around or above 170 GHz. The development of matched loads is necessary to test the new sources, the components for the transmission lines and the launchers, and must ensure high qualification for compatibility with the nuclear environment. The development at IFP-CNR and LTC of several compact high-power prototypes during the last decade led to a refinement of the overall design, resulting in the present low-reflectivity vacuum-compatible loads. The activity on loads is supported by F4E in view of the development of the EU gyrotron for ITER and required high-power tests at QST (Naka, Japan). Qualification is now supported by new tests at SPC (Lausanne, Switzerland) using the FALCON test-bed designed to test components and the EU gyrotron prototype for the EC system of ITER. These high-power tests, performed on the first CW prototype load (provided with 16 + 16 cooling channels in parallel) and shown in this paper, highlighted the need to improve the mechanical, vacuum and hydraulic design to reach the final goal of 1000s at ∼1 MW.

Published
2018

22. Tests and developments of a long-pulse high-power 170 GHz absorbing matched load

Author

Bin, W. Bruschi, A. Fanale, F. Francesca, M. Lucca, F. Albajar, F. Alberti, S. Carannante, G. Cavinato, M. Chelis, I. Dell'Era, F. Fasel, D. Gantenbein, G. Goodman, T. Granucci, G. Hogge, J.-P. Ikeda, R. Ioannidis, Z. Legrand, F. Mellera, V. Minelli, D. Nardone, A. Pagonakis, I. Rispoli, N. Rzesnicki, T. Sanchez, F. Spinicchia, N. Takahashi, K. Tigelis, I. Viganò, F.

Abstract

The future EC systems will consist of several gyrotron sources providing MW-level millimeter wave power at a frequency around or above 170 GHz. The development of matched loads is necessary to test the new sources, the components for the transmission lines and the launchers, and must ensure high qualification for compatibility with the nuclear environment. The development at IFP-CNR and LTC of several compact high-power prototypes during the last decade led to a refinement of the overall design, resulting in the present low-reflectivity vacuum-compatible loads. The activity on loads is supported by F4E in view of the development of the EU gyrotron for ITER and required high-power tests at QST (Naka, Japan). Qualification is now supported by new tests at SPC (Lausanne, Switzerland) using the FALCON test-bed designed to test components and the EU gyrotron prototype for the EC system of ITER. These high-power tests, performed on the first CW prototype load (provided with 16 + 16 cooling channels in parallel) and shown in this paper, highlighted the need to improve the mechanical, vacuum and hydraulic design to reach the final goal of 1000s at ∼1 MW. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2019

23. Overview of recent gyrotron R&D towards DEMO within EUROfusion Work Package Heating and Current Drive

Author

Avramidis, K.A. Aiello, G. Alberti, S. Brücker, P.T. Bruschi, A. Chelis, I. Franke, T. Gantenbein, G. Garavaglia, S. Genoud, J. George, M. Granucci, G. Grossetti, G. Hogge, J.-P. Illy, S. Ioannidis, Z.C. Jelonnek, J. Jin, J. Kalaria, P.C. Latsas, G.P. Marek, A. Pagonakis, I.G. Peponis, D.V. Ruess, S. Ruess, T. Rzesnicki, T. Scherer, T. Schmid, M. Strauss, D. Thumm, M. Tigelis, I. Wu, C. Zein, A. Zisis, A. Tran, M.Q.

Abstract

Gyrotron R&D within the EUROfusion Work Package Heating and Current Drive (WPHCD) is addressing the challenging requirements posed on gyrotrons by the European concept for a demonstration fusion power plant (EU DEMO). These requirements, as specified within WPHCD, ask for highly reliable and robust long-pulse operation of the gyrotron, delivering 2 MW of microwave power at frequencies above 200 GHz with a high overall efficiency above 60% and the option for fast frequency step-tunability. To meet these targets, which are clearly beyond today's state-of-the-art, the R&D activities within WPHCD are organized in five main branches: these are the experimental verification of the advanced coaxial gyrotron technology at long pulses, the development of a coaxial gyrotron meeting the EU DEMO requirements, the development of multi-stage depressed collectors for enhanced energy recovery, the development of large broadband diamond windows to allow fast frequency tunability of the gyrotron, and the studies on further innovations and improvement of critical gyrotron components, in view of optimization of performance, reliability, and industrialization. The paper presents the progress made on these activities, the recent results, and the near-term planning. The major recent achievements include (i) the experimental validation of the fabrication of the new, water-cooled components for the longer-pulse coaxial gyrotron at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, by demonstrating 2.2 MW at 170 GHz with 33% efficiency without depressed collector, (ii) the design of key components for a 2 MW, 170/204 GHz dual-frequency coaxial gyrotron, (iii) the design of a two-stage depressed collector with 77% efficiency, (iv) the first-ever production, in an industrial plasma reactor, of large chemical vapor deposition diamond wafers of 180 mm diameter, (v) the procurement of an advanced electron gun with coated emitter edges, and (vi) advances in the theoretical and numerical modelling for investigating improved concepts for the gyrotron beam tunnel and cavity. © EURATOM 2019.

Published
2019

24. Long-pulse high-power 170 GHz absorbing matched load tests and developments

Author

Bin, W., Bruschi, A., Fanale, F., Francesca, M., Lucca, F., Albajar, F., Alberti, S., Carannante, G., Cavinato, M., Chelis, I., Dell'Era, F., Gantenbein, Gerd, Goodman, T., Granucci, G., Hogge, J. P., Ikeda, R., Ioannidis, Z., Legrand, F., Mellera, V., Minelli, D., Nardone, A., Pagonakis, I., Rispoli, N., Rzesnicki, T., Sanchez, F., Spinicchia, N., Takahashi, K., Tigelis, I., and Vigano, F.

Subjects
Technology, ddc:600
Published
2018

26. Experiments with the EU 1 MW, 170 GHz industrial prototype gyrotron for ITER at KIT

Author

Ioannidis, ZC (Ioannidis, Zisis C.)[ 1 ], Rzesnicki, T (Rzesnicki, Tomasz)[ 1 ], Albajar, F (Albajar, F.)[ 7 ], Alberti, S (Alberti, S.)[ 2 ], Avramidis, KA (Avramidis, Konstantinos A.)[ 1 ], Bin, W (Bin, William)[ 5 ], Bonicelli, T (Bonicelli, T.)[ 7 ], Bruschi, A (Bruschi, Alessandro)[ 5 ], Chelis, I (Chelis, Ioannis)[ 4 ], Frigot, PE (Frigot, P. -E.)[ 7 ], Gantenbein, G (Gantenbein, Gerd)[ 1 ], Hermann, V (Hermann, V.)[ 6 ], Hogge, JP (Hogge, J. -P.)[ 2 ], Illy, S (Illy, Stefan)[ 1 ], Jin, J (Jin, Jianbo)[ 1 ], Jelonnek, J (Jelonnek, John)[ 1 ], Kasparek, W (Kasparek, W.)[ 3 ], Latsas, G (Latsas, G.)[ 4 ], Lechte, C (Lechte, C.)[ 3 ], Legrand, F (Legrand, F.)[ 6 ], Kobarg, T (Kobarg, Thorsten)[ 1 ], Pagonakis, IG (Pagonakis, Ioannis Gr.)[ 1 ], Rozier, Y (Rozier, Y.)[ 6 ], Schlatter, C (Schlatter, C.)[ 2 ], Schmid, M (Schmid, Martin)[ 1 ], Tigelis, IG (Tigelis, Ioannis G.)[ 4 ], Thumm, M (Thumm, Manfred)[ 1 ], Tran, MQ (Tran, M. Q.)[ 2 ], Zein, A (Zein, Andy)[ 1 ], and Zisis, A (Zisis, A.)[ 4 ]

Subjects
Electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive (ECRH&CD); gyrotron, international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER)
Abstract

The European 1-MW, 170-GHz continuous wave industrial prototype gyrotron for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive on international thermonuclear experimental reactor was during 2016 under test at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) test facility. In order to optimize the gyrotron operation, the tube was at first thoroughly tested in the short-pulse regime, with pulses that did not exceed 10 ms, for a wide range of operational parameters. Then, and after proper conditioning of the tube, the operation was extended to longer pulses with duration up to 180 s, which is the maximum pulselength possible at the KIT test facility. In this paper, we present in detail the achievements of the long-pulse experimental campaign.

Published
2017

27. CW Experiments with the EU 1-MW, 170-GHz Industrial Prototype Gyrotron for ITER at KIT

Author

Ioannidis, Z.C. Rzesnicki, T. Albajar, F. Alberti, S. Avramidis, K.A. Bin, W. Bonicelli, T. Bruschi, A. Chelis, I. Frigot, P.-E. Gantenbein, G. Hermann, V. Hogge, J.-P. Illy, S. Jin, J. Jelonnek, J. Kasparek, W. Latsas, G. Lechte, C. Legrand, F. Kobarg, T. Pagonakis, I.G. Rozier, Y. Schlatter, C. Schmid, M. Tigelis, I.G. Thumm, M. Tran, M.Q. Zein, A. Zisis, A.

Abstract

The European 1-MW, 170-GHz continuous wave industrial prototype gyrotron for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive on international thermonuclear experimental reactor was during 2016 under test at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) test facility. In order to optimize the gyrotron operation, the tube was at first thoroughly tested in the short-pulse regime, with pulses that did not exceed 10 ms, for a wide range of operational parameters. Then, and after proper conditioning of the tube, the operation was extended to longer pulses with duration up to 180 s, which is the maximum pulselength possible at the KIT test facility. In this paper, we present in detail the achievements of the long-pulse experimental campaign. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

Published
2017

28. Status of the development of the EU 170 GHz/1 MW/CW gyrotron

Author

Pagonakis, I.G. Albajar, F. Alberti, S. Avramidis, K. Bonicelli, T. Braunmueller, F. Bruschi, A. Chelis, I. Cismondi, F. Gantenbein, G. Hermann, V. Hesch, K. Hogge, J.-P. Jelonnek, J. Jin, J. Illy, S. Ioannidis, Z.C. Kobarg, T. Latsas, G.P. Legrand, F. Lontano, M. Piosczyk, B. Rozier, Y. Rzesnicki, T. Samartsev, A. Schlatter, C. Thumm, M. Tigelis, I.G. Tran, M.-Q. Tran, T.-M. Weggen, J. Vomvoridis, J.L.

Abstract

The progress in the development of the European 170 GHz, 1 MW/CW gyrotron for electron cyclotron heating & current drive (ECH&CD) on ITER is reported. A continuous wave (CW) prototype is being manufactured by Thales Electron Devices (TED), France, while a short-pulse (SP) prototype gyrotron is in parallel under manufacture at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), with the purpose of validating the design of the CW industrial prototype components. The fabrication of most of the sub-assemblies of the SP prototype has been completed. In a first step, an existing magnetron injection gun (MIG) available at KIT was used. Despite this non-ideal configuration, the experiments provided a validation of the design, substantiated by an excellent agreement with numerical simulations. The tube, operated without a depressed collector, is able to produce more than 1 MW of output power with efficiency in excess of 30%, as expected, and compatible with the ITER requirements. © 2015 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

Published
2015

29. Experimental confirmation of efficient island divertor operation and successful neoclassical transport optimization in Wendelstein 7-X

Author

Thomas Sunn Pedersen, I. Abramovic, P. Agostinetti, M. Agredano Torres, S. Äkäslompolo, J. Alcuson Belloso, P. Aleynikov, K. Aleynikova, M. Alhashimi, A. Ali, N. Allen, A. Alonso, G. Anda, T. Andreeva, C. Angioni, A. Arkhipov, A. Arnold, W. Asad, E. Ascasibar, M.-H. Aumeunier, K. Avramidis, E. Aymerich, S.-G. Baek, J. Bähner, A. Baillod, M. Balden, J. Baldzuhn, S. Ballinger, M. Banduch, S. Bannmann, A. Banon Navarro, A. Bañón Navarro, T. Barbui, C. Beidler, C. Belafdil, A. Bencze, A. Benndorf, M. Beurskens, C. Biedermann, O. Biletskyi, B. Blackwell, M. Blatzheim, T. Bluhm, D. Böckenhoff, G. Bongiovi, M. Borchardt, D. Borodin, J. Boscary, H. Bosch, T. Bosmann, B. Böswirth, L. Böttger, A. Bottino, S. Bozhenkov, R. Brakel, C. Brandt, T. Bräuer, H. Braune, S. Brezinsek, K. Brunner, S. Buller, R. Burhenn, R. Bussiahn, B. Buttenschön, A. Buzás, V. Bykov, I. Calvo, K. Camacho Mata, I. Caminal, B. Cannas, A. Cappa, A. Carls, F. Carovani, M. Carr, D. Carralero, B. Carvalho, J. Casas, D. Castano-Bardawil, F. Castejon, N. Chaudhary, I. Chelis, A. Chomiczewska, J.W. Coenen, M. Cole, F. Cordella, Y. Corre, K. Crombe, G. Cseh, B. Csillag, H. Damm, C. Day, M. de Baar, E. De la Cal, S. Degenkolbe, A. Demby, S. Denk, C. Dhard, A. Di Siena, A. Dinklage, T. Dittmar, M. Dreval, M. Drevlak, P. Drewelow, P. Drews, D. Dunai, E. Edlund, F. Effenberg, G. Ehrke, M. Endler, D.A. Ennis, F.J. Escoto, T. Estrada, E. Fable, N. Fahrenkamp, A. Fanni, J. Faustin, J. Fellinger, Y. Feng, W. Figacz, E. Flom, O. Ford, T. Fornal, H. Frerichs, S. Freundt, G. Fuchert, M. Fukuyama, F. Füllenbach, G. Gantenbein, Y. Gao, K. Garcia, J.M. García Regaña, I. García-Cortés, J. Gaspar, D.A. Gates, J. Geiger, B. Geiger, L. Giudicotti, A. González, A. Goriaev, D. Gradic, M. Grahl, J.P. Graves, J. Green, E. Grelier, H. Greuner, S. Groß, H. Grote, M. Groth, M. Gruca, O. Grulke, M. Grün, J. Guerrero Arnaiz, S. Günter, V. Haak, M. Haas, P. Hacker, A. Hakola, A. Hallenbert, K. Hammond, X. Han, S.K. Hansen, J.H. Harris, H. Hartfuß, D. Hartmann, D. Hathiramani, R. Hatzky, J. Hawke, S. Hegedus, B. Hein, B. Heinemann, P. Helander, S. Henneberg, U. Hergenhahn, C. Hidalgo, F. Hindenlang, M. Hirsch, U. Höfel, K.P. Hollfeld, A. Holtz, D. Hopf, D. Höschen, M. Houry, J. Howard, X. Huang, M. Hubeny, S. Hudson, K. Ida, Y. Igitkhanov, V. Igochine, S. Illy, C. Ionita-Schrittwieser, M. Isobe, M. Jabłczyńska, S. Jablonski, B. Jagielski, M. Jakubowski, A. Jansen van Vuuren, J. Jelonnek, F. Jenko, T. Jensen, H. Jenzsch, P. Junghanns, J. Kaczmarczyk, J. Kallmeyer, U. Kamionka, M. Kandler, S. Kasilov, Y. Kazakov, D. Kennedy, A. Kharwandikar, M. Khokhlov, C. Kiefer, C. Killer, A. Kirschner, R. Kleiber, T. Klinger, S. Klose, J. Knauer, A. Knieps, F. Köchl, G. Kocsis, Ya.I. Kolesnichenko, A. Könies, R. König, J. Kontula, P. Kornejew, J. Koschinsky, M.M. Kozulia, A. Krämer-Flecken, R. Krampitz, M. Krause, N. Krawczyk, T. Kremeyer, L. Krier, D.M. Kriete, M. Krychowiak, I. Ksiazek, M. Kubkowska, M. Kuczynski, G. Kühner, A. Kumar, T. Kurki-Suonio, S. Kwak, M. Landreman, P.T. Lang, A. Langenberg, H.P. Laqua, H. Laqua, R. Laube, S. Lazerson, M. Lewerentz, C. Li, Y. Liang, Ch. Linsmeier, J. Lion, A. Litnovsky, S. Liu, J. Lobsien, J. Loizu, J. Lore, A. Lorenz, U. Losada, F. Louche, R. Lunsford, V. Lutsenko, M. Machielsen, F. Mackel, J. Maisano-Brown, O. Maj, D. Makowski, G. Manduchi, E. Maragkoudakis, O. Marchuk, S. Marsen, E. Martines, J. Martinez-Fernandez, M. Marushchenko, S. Masuzaki, D. Maurer, M. Mayer, K.J. McCarthy, O. Mccormack, P. McNeely, H. Meister, B. Mendelevitch, S. Mendes, A. Merlo, A. Messian, A. Mielczarek, O. Mishchenko, B. Missal, R. Mitteau, V.E. Moiseenko, A. Mollen, V. Moncada, T. Mönnich, T. Morisaki, D. Moseev, G. Motojima, S. Mulas, M. Mulsow, M. Nagel, D. Naujoks, V. Naulin, T. Neelis, H. Neilson, R. Neu, O. Neubauer, U. Neuner, D. Nicolai, S.K. Nielsen, H. Niemann, T. Nishiza, T. Nishizawa, C. Nührenberg, R. Ochoukov, J. Oelmann, G. Offermanns, K. Ogawa, S. Okamura, J. Ölmanns, J. Ongena, J. Oosterbeek, M. Otte, N. Pablant, N. Panadero Alvarez, A. Pandey, E. Pasch, R. Pavlichenko, A. Pavone, E. Pawelec, G. Pechstein, G. Pelka, V. Perseo, B. Peterson, D. Pilopp, S. Pingel, F. Pisano, B. Plöckl, G. Plunk, P. Pölöskei, B. Pompe, A. Popov, M. Porkolab, J. Proll, M.J. Pueschel, M.-E. Puiatti, A. Puig Sitjes, F. Purps, K. Rahbarnia, M. Rasiński, J. Rasmussen, A. Reiman, F. Reimold, M. Reisner, D. Reiter, M. Richou, R. Riedl, J. Riemann, K. Riße, G. Roberg-Clark, V. Rohde, J. Romazanov, D. Rondeshagen, P. Rong, L. Rudischhauser, T. Rummel, K. Rummel, A. Runov, N. Rust, L. Ryc, P. Salembier, M. Salewski, E. Sanchez, S. Satake, G. Satheeswaran, J. Schacht, E. Scharff, F. Schauer, J. Schilling, G. Schlisio, K. Schmid, J. Schmitt, O. Schmitz, W. Schneider, M. Schneider, P. Schneider, R. Schrittwieser, T. Schröder, M. Schröder, R. Schroeder, B. Schweer, D. Schwörer, E. Scott, B. Shanahan, G. Sias, P. Sichta, M. Singer, P. Sinha, S. Sipliä, C. Slaby, M. Sleczka, H. Smith, J. Smoniewski, E. Sonnendrücker, M. Spolaore, A. Spring, R. Stadler, D. Stańczak, T. Stange, I. Stepanov, L. Stephey, J. Stober, U. Stroth, E. Strumberger, C. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, J. Svensson, T. Szabolics, T. Szepesi, M. Szücs, F.L. Tabarés, N. Tamura, A. Tancetti, C. Tantos, J. Terry, H. Thienpondt, H. Thomsen, M. Thumm, J.M. Travere, P. Traverso, J. Tretter, E. Trier, H. Trimino Mora, T. Tsujimura, Y. Turkin, A. Tykhyi, B. Unterberg, P. van Eeten, B.Ph. van Milligen, M. van Schoor, L. Vano, S. Varoutis, M. Vecsei, L. Vela, J.L. Velasco, M. Vervier, N. Vianello, H. Viebke, R. Vilbrandt, G. Vogel, N. Vogt, C. Volkhausen, A. von Stechow, F. Wagner, E. Wang, H. Wang, F. Warmer, T. Wauters, L. Wegener, T. Wegner, G. Weir, U. Wenzel, A. White, F. Wilde, F. Wilms, T. Windisch, M. Winkler, A. Winter, V. Winters, R. Wolf, A.M. Wright, G.A. Wurden, P. Xanthopoulos, S. Xu, H. Yamada, H. Yamaguchi, M. Yokoyama, M. Yoshinuma, Q. Yu, M. Zamanov, M. Zanini, M. Zarnstorff, D. Zhang, S. Zhou, J. Zhu, C. Zhu, M. Zilker, A. Zocco, H. Zohm, S. Zoletnik, L. Zsuga, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GPI - Grup de Processament d'Imatge i Vídeo, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GREO - Grup de Recerca en Enginyeria Òptica, Pedersen, T, Abramovic, I, Agostinetti, P, Torres, M, Akaslompolo, S, Belloso, J, Aleynikov, P, Aleynikova, K, Alhashimi, M, Ali, A, Allen, N, Alonso, A, Anda, G, Andreeva, T, Angioni, C, Arkhipov, A, Arnold, A, Asad, W, Ascasibar, E, Aumeunier, M, Avramidis, K, Aymerich, E, Baek, S, Bahner, J, Baillod, A, Balden, M, Baldzuhn, J, Ballinger, S, Banduch, M, Bannmann, S, Navarro, A, Barbui, T, Beidler, C, Belafdil, C, Bencze, A, Benndorf, A, Beurskens, M, Biedermann, C, Biletskyi, O, Blackwell, B, Blatzheim, M, Bluhm, T, Bockenhoff, D, Bongiovi, G, Borchardt, M, Borodin, D, Boscary, J, Bosch, H, Bosmann, T, Boswirth, B, Bottger, L, Bottino, A, Bozhenkov, S, Brakel, R, Brandt, C, Brauer, T, Braune, H, Brezinsek, S, Brunner, K, Buller, S, Burhenn, R, Bussiahn, R, Buttenschon, B, Buzas, A, Bykov, V, Calvo, I, Mata, K, Caminal, I, Cannas, B, Cappa, A, Carls, A, Carovani, F, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carvalho, B, Casas, J, Castano-Bardawil, D, Castejon, F, Chaudhary, N, Chelis, I, Chomiczewska, A, Coenen, J, Cole, M, Cordella, F, Corre, Y, Crombe, K, Cseh, G, Csillag, B, Damm, H, Day, C, de Baar, M, De la Cal, E, Degenkolbe, S, Demby, A, Denk, S, Dhard, C, Di Siena, A, Dinklage, A, Dittmar, T, Dreval, M, Drevlak, M, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Dunai, D, Edlund, E, Effenberg, F, Ehrke, G, Endler, M, Ennis, D, Escoto, F, Estrada, T, Fable, E, Fahrenkamp, N, Fanni, A, Faustin, J, Fellinger, J, Feng, Y, Figacz, W, Flom, E, Ford, O, Fornal, T, Frerichs, H, Freundt, S, Fuchert, G, Fukuyama, M, Fullenbach, F, Gantenbein, G, Gao, Y, Garcia, K, Regana, J, Garcia-Cortes, I, Gaspar, J, Gates, D, Geiger, J, Geiger, B, Giudicotti, L, Gonzalez, A, Goriaev, A, Gradic, D, Grahl, M, Graves, J, Green, J, Grelier, E, Greuner, H, Gross, S, Grote, H, Groth, M, Gruca, M, Grulke, O, Grun, M, Arnaiz, J, Gunter, S, Haak, V, Haas, M, Hacker, P, Hakola, A, Hallenbert, A, Hammond, K, Han, X, Hansen, S, Harris, J, Hartfuss, H, Hartmann, D, Hathiramani, D, Hatzky, R, Hawke, J, Hegedus, S, Hein, B, Heinemann, B, Helander, P, Henneberg, S, Hergenhahn, U, Hidalgo, C, Hindenlang, F, Hirsch, M, Hofel, U, Hollfeld, K, Holtz, A, Hopf, D, Hoschen, D, Houry, M, Howard, J, Huang, X, Hubeny, M, Hudson, S, Ida, K, Igitkhanov, Y, Igochine, V, Illy, S, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C, Isobe, M, Jablczynska, M, Jablonski, S, Jagielski, B, Jakubowski, M, van Vuuren, A, Jelonnek, J, Jenko, F, Jensen, T, Jenzsch, H, Junghanns, P, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallmeyer, J, Kamionka, U, Kandler, M, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kennedy, D, Kharwandikar, A, Khokhlov, M, Kiefer, C, Killer, C, Kirschner, A, Kleiber, R, Klinger, T, Klose, S, Knauer, J, Knieps, A, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kolesnichenko, Y, Konies, A, Konig, R, Kontula, J, Kornejew, P, Koschinsky, J, Kozulia, M, Kramer-Flecken, A, Krampitz, R, Krause, M, Krawczyk, N, Kremeyer, T, Krier, L, Kriete, D, Krychowiak, M, Ksiazek, I, Kubkowska, M, Kuczynski, M, Kuhner, G, Kumar, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Landreman, M, Lang, P, Langenberg, A, Laqua, H, Laube, R, Lazerson, S, Lewerentz, M, Li, C, Liang, Y, Linsmeier, C, Lion, J, Litnovsky, A, Liu, S, Lobsien, J, Loizu, J, Lore, J, Lorenz, A, Losada, U, Louche, F, Lunsford, R, Lutsenko, V, Machielsen, M, Mackel, F, Maisano-Brown, J, Maj, O, Makowski, D, Manduchi, G, Maragkoudakis, E, Marchuk, O, Marsen, S, Martines, E, Martinez-Fernandez, J, Marushchenko, M, Masuzaki, S, Maurer, D, Mayer, M, Mccarthy, K, Mccormack, O, Mcneely, P, Meister, H, Mendelevitch, B, Mendes, S, Merlo, A, Messian, A, Mielczarek, A, Mishchenko, O, Missal, B, Mitteau, R, Moiseenko, V, Mollen, A, Moncada, V, Monnich, T, Morisaki, T, Moseev, D, Motojima, G, Mulas, S, Mulsow, M, Nagel, M, Naujoks, D, Naulin, V, Neelis, T, Neilson, H, Neu, R, Neubauer, O, Neuner, U, Nicolai, D, Nielsen, S, Niemann, H, Nishiza, T, Nishizawa, T, Nuhrenberg, C, Ochoukov, R, Oelmann, J, Offermanns, G, Ogawa, K, Okamura, S, Olmanns, J, Ongena, J, Oosterbeek, J, Otte, M, Pablant, N, Alvarez, N, Pandey, A, Pasch, E, Pavlichenko, R, Pavone, A, Pawelec, E, Pechstein, G, Pelka, G, Perseo, V, Peterson, B, Pilopp, D, Pingel, S, Pisano, F, Plockl, B, Plunk, G, Poloskei, P, Pompe, B, Popov, A, Porkolab, M, Proll, J, Pueschel, M, Puiatti, M, Sitjes, A, Purps, F, Rahbarnia, K, Rasinski, M, Rasmussen, J, Reiman, A, Reimold, F, Reisner, M, Reiter, D, Richou, M, Riedl, R, Riemann, J, Risse, K, Roberg-Clark, G, Rohde, V, Romazanov, J, Rondeshagen, D, Rong, P, Rudischhauser, L, Rummel, T, Rummel, K, Runov, A, Rust, N, Ryc, L, Salembier, P, Salewski, M, Sanchez, E, Satake, S, Satheeswaran, G, Schacht, J, Scharff, E, Schauer, F, Schilling, J, Schlisio, G, Schmid, K, Schmitt, J, Schmitz, O, Schneider, W, Schneider, M, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schroder, T, Schroder, M, Schroeder, R, Schweer, B, Schworer, D, Scott, E, Shanahan, B, Sias, G, Sichta, P, Singer, M, Sinha, P, Siplia, S, Slaby, C, Sleczka, M, Smith, H, Smoniewski, J, Sonnendrucker, E, Spolaore, M, Spring, A, Stadler, R, Stanczak, D, Stange, T, Stepanov, I, Stephey, L, Stober, J, Stroth, U, Strumberger, E, Suzuki, C, Suzuki, Y, Svensson, J, Szabolics, T, Szepesi, T, Szucs, M, Tabares, F, Tamura, N, Tancetti, A, Tantos, C, Terry, J, Thienpondt, H, Thomsen, H, Thumm, M, Travere, J, Traverso, P, Tretter, J, Trier, E, Mora, H, Tsujimura, T, Turkin, Y, Tykhyi, A, Unterberg, B, van Eeten, P, van Milligen, B, van Schoor, M, Vano, L, Varoutis, S, Vecsei, M, Vela, L, Velasco, J, Vervier, M, Vianello, N, Viebke, H, Vilbrandt, R, Vogel, G, Vogt, N, Volkhausen, C, von Stechow, A, Wagner, F, Wang, E, Wang, H, Warmer, F, Wauters, T, Wegener, L, Wegner, T, Weir, G, Wenzel, U, White, A, Wilde, F, Wilms, F, Windisch, T, Winkler, M, Winter, A, Winters, V, Wolf, R, Wright, A, Wurden, G, Xanthopoulos, P, Xu, S, Yamada, H, Yamaguchi, H, Yokoyama, M, Yoshinuma, M, Yu, Q, Zamanov, M, Zanini, M, Zarnstorff, M, Zhang, D, Zhou, S, Zhu, J, Zhu, C, Zilker, M, Zocco, A, Zohm, H, Zoletnik, S, Zsuga, L, Fusion and Plasma Physics, Department of Applied Physics, National Institute for Fusion Science, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, Group Heemels, Control Systems Technology, and Turbulence in Fusion Plasmas

Subjects
Magnetic confinement, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Technology, Materials science, Detachment, Nuclear engineering, Física::Física de partícules [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Imatges -- Processament, stellarator, Divertor, Image processing, Physics::Plasma Physics, divertor, Wendelstein 7-X, ddc:530, FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA, Neoclassical optimization, Stellarators, Reactors de fusió, magnetic confinement, Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Processament del senyal::Processament de la imatge i del senyal vídeo [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Condensed Matter Physics, ddc, Fusion reactors, Physics and Astronomy, detachment, neoclassical optimization, ddc:620, ddc:600, Paper, FEC 2020 Summaries and Overviews
Abstract

We present recent highlights from the most recent operation phases of Wendelstein 7-X, the most advanced stellarator in the world. Stable detachment with good particle exhaust, low impurity content, and energy confinement times exceeding 100 ms, have been maintained for tens of seconds. Pellet fueling allows for plasma phases with reduced ion-temperature-gradient turbulence, and during such phases, the overall confinement is so good (energy confinement times often exceeding 200 ms) that the attained density and temperature profiles would not have been possible in less optimized devices, since they would have had neoclassical transport losses exceeding the heating applied in W7-X. This provides proof that the reduction of neoclassical transport through magnetic field optimization is successful. W7-X plasmas generally show good impurity screening and high plasma purity, but there is evidence of longer impurity confinement times during turbulence-suppressed phases. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under Grant Agreement No. 633053. Peer Reviewed Article signat per 497 autors/es: Thomas Sunn Pedersen1,2,∗ , I. Abramovic3, P. Agostinetti4, M. Agredano Torres1, S. Äkäslompolo1, J. Alcuson Belloso1, P. Aleynikov1, K. Aleynikova1, M. Alhashimi1, A. Ali1, N. Allen5, A. Alonso6, G. Anda7, T. Andreeva1, C. Angioni8, A. Arkhipov8, A. Arnold1, W. Asad8, E. Ascasibar6, M.-H. Aumeunier9, K. Avramidis10, E. Aymerich11, S.-G. Baek3, J. Bähner1, A. Baillod12, M. Balden1, M. Balden8, J. Baldzuhn1, S. Ballinger3, M. Banduch1, S. Bannmann1, A. Banon Navarro8, A. Bañon Navarro ´ 1, T. Barbui13, C. Beidler1, C. Belafdil9, A. Bencze7, A. Benndorf1, M. Beurskens1, C. Biedermann1, O. Biletskyi14, B. Blackwell15, M. Blatzheim1, T. Bluhm1, D. Böckenhoff1, G. Bongiovi16, M. Borchardt1, D. Borodin17, J. Boscary8, H. Bosch1,18, T. Bosmann19, B. Böswirth8, L. Böttger1, A. Bottino8, S. Bozhenkov1, R. Brakel1, C. Brandt1, T. Bräuer1, H. Braune1, S. Brezinsek17, K. Brunner1, S. Buller1, R. Burhenn1, R. Bussiahn1, B. Buttenschön1, A. Buzás7, V. Bykov1, I. Calvo6, K. Camacho Mata1, I. Caminal20, B. Cannas11, A. Cappa6, A. Carls1, F. Carovani1, M. Carr21, D. Carralero6, B. Carvalho22, J. Casas20, D. Castano-Bardawil17, F. Castejon6, N. Chaudhary1, I. Chelis23, A. Chomiczewska24, J.W. Coenen13,17, M. Cole1, F. Cordella25, Y. Corre9, K. Crombe26, G. Cseh7, B. Csillag7, H. Damm1, C. Day10, M. de Baar27, E. De la Cal6, S. Degenkolbe1, A. Demby13, S. Denk3, C. Dhard1, A. Di Siena8,28, A. Dinklage12, T. Dittmar17, M. Dreval14, M. Drevlak1, P. Drewelow1, P. Drews17, D. Dunai7, E. Edlund3, F. Effenberg29, G. Ehrke1, M. Endler1, D.A. Ennis5, F.J. Escoto6, T. Estrada6, E. Fable8, N. Fahrenkamp1, A. Fanni11, J. Faustin1, J. Fellinger1, Y. Feng1, W. Figacz4, E. Flom13, O. Ford1, T. Fornal24, H. Frerichs13, S. Freundt1, G. Fuchert1, M. Fukuyama30, F. Füllenbach1, G. Gantenbein10, Y. Gao1, K. Garcia13, J.M. García Regaña6, I. García-Cortés6, J. Gaspar31, D.A. Gates29, J. Geiger1, B. Geiger13, L. Giudicotti32, A. González6, A. Goriaev26,33, D. Gradic1, M. Grahl1, J.P. Graves12, J. Green13, E. Grelier9, H. Greuner8, S. Groß1, H. Grote1, M. Groth34, M. Gruca24, O. Grulke1,35, M. Grün1, J. Guerrero Arnaiz1, S. Günter8, V. Haak1, M. Haas1, P. Hacker1, A. Hakola36, A. Hallenbert1, K. Hammond29, X. Han17,37, S.K. Hansen3, J.H. Harris38, H. Hartfuß1, D. Hartmann1, D. Hathiramani1, R. Hatzky8, J. Hawke39, S. Hegedus7, B. Hein8, B. Heinemann8, P. Helander12, S. Henneberg1, U. Hergenhahn8,40, C. Hidalgo6, F. Hindenlang8, M. Hirsch1, U. Höfel1, K.P. Hollfeld17, A. Holtz1, D. Hopf8, D. Höschen17, M. Houry9, J. Howard19, X. Huang41, M. Hubeny17, S. Hudson29, K. Ida9, Y. Igitkhanov10, V. Igochine8, S. Illy10, C. Ionita-Schrittwieser42, M. Isobe39, M. Jabłczynska ´ 24, S. Jablonski24, B. Jagielski1, M. Jakubowski1, A. Jansen van Vuuren1, J. Jelonnek10, F. Jenko8, F. Jenko8, T. Jensen35, H. Jenzsch1, P. Junghanns8, J. Kaczmarczyk24, J. Kallmeyer1, U. Kamionka1, M. Kandler8, S. Kasilov43, Y. Kazakov26, D. Kennedy1, A. Kharwandikar1, M. Khokhlov1, C. Kiefer8, C. Killer1, A. Kirschner17, R. Kleiber1, T. Klinger12, S. Klose1, J. Knauer1, A. Knieps17, F. Köchl44, G. Kocsis7, Ya.I. Kolesnichenko45, A. Könies1, R. König1, J. Kontula34, P. Kornejew1, J. Koschinsky, M.M. Kozulia14, A. Krämer-Flecken17, R. Krampitz1, M. Krause1, N. Krawczyk24, T. Kremeyer1, L. Krier10, D.M. Kriete5, M. Krychowiak1, I. Ksiazek46, M. Kubkowska24, M. Kuczynski1, G. Kühner1, A. Kumar15, T. Kurki-Suonio34, S. Kwak1, M. Landreman47, P.T. Lang8, A. Langenberg1, H.P. Laqua12, H. Laqua1, R. Laube1, S. Lazerson1, M. Lewerentz1, C. Li17, Y. Liang17, Ch. Linsmeier17, J. Lion1, A. Litnovsky17,48, S. Liu37, J. Lobsien1, J. Loizu12, J. Lore38, A. Lorenz1, U. Losada6, F. Louche26, R. Lunsford29, V. Lutsenko45, M. Machielsen12, F. Mackel8, J. Maisano-Brown3, O. Maj8, D. Makowski49, G. Manduchi50, E. Maragkoudakis6, O. Marchuk17, S. Marsen1, E. Martines4, J. Martinez-Fernandez6, M. Marushchenko1, S. Masuzaki41, D. Maurer5, M. Mayer8, K.J. McCarthy6, O. Mccormack4, P. McNeely1, H. Meister8, B. Mendelevitch8, S. Mendes1, A. Merlo1, A. Messian26, A. Mielczarek49, O. Mishchenko1, B. Missal1, R. Mitteau9, V.E. Moiseenko14, A. Mollen1, V. Moncada9, T. Mönnich1, T. Morisaki41, D. Moseev1, G. Motojima41, S. Mulas6, M. Mulsow1, M. Nagel1, D. Naujoks1, V. Naulin35, T. Neelis19, H. Neilson29, R. Neu8, O. Neubauer17, U. Neuner1, D. Nicolai17, S.K. Nielsen35, H. Niemann1, T. Nishiza1, T. Nishizawa1, T. Nishizawa8, C. Nührenberg1, R. Ochoukov8, J. Oelmann17, G. Offermanns17 K. Ogawa41, S. Okamura41, J. Ölmanns17, J. Ongena26, J. Oosterbeek1, M. Otte1, N. Pablant29, N. Panadero Alvarez6, N. Panadero Alvarez6, A. Pandey1, E. Pasch1, R. Pavlichenko14, A. Pavone1, E. Pawelec46, G. Pechstein1, G. Pelka24, V. Perseo1, B. Peterson41, D. Pilopp1, S. Pingel1, F. Pisano11, B. Plöckl8, G. Plunk1, P. Pölöskei1, B. Pompe2, A. Popov51, M. Porkolab3, J. Proll19, M.J. Pueschel19,27, M.-E. Puiatti52, A. Puig Sitjes1, F. Purps1, K. Rahbarnia1, M. Rasinski ´ 17, J. Rasmussen35, A. Reiman29, F. Reimold1, M. Reisner8, D. Reiter17, M. Richou9, R. Riedl8, J. Riemann1, K. Riße1, G. Roberg-Clark1, V. Rohde8, J. Romazanov17, D. Rondeshagen1, P. Rong1, L. Rudischhauser1, T. Rummel1, K. Rummel1, A. Runov1, N. Rust1, L. Ryc24, P. Salembier20, M. Salewski35, E. Sanchez6, S. Satake41, G. Satheeswaran17, J. Schacht1, E. Scharff1, F. Schauer8, J. Schilling1, G. Schlisio1, K. Schmid8, J. Schmitt5, O. Schmitz13, W. Schneider1, M. Schneider1, P. Schneider8, R. Schrittwieser42, T. Schröder1, M. Schröder1, R. Schroeder1, B. Schweer26, D. Schwörer1, E. Scott1, E. Scott8, B. Shanahan1, G. Sias11, P. Sichta29, M. Singer1, P. Sinha29, S. Sipliä34, C. Slaby1, M. Sleczka53, H. Smith1, J. Smoniewski54, E. Sonnendrücker8, M. Spolaore4, A. Spring1, R. Stadler8, D. Stanczak24, T. Stange1, I. Stepanov26, L. Stephey13, J. Stober8, U. Stroth8,55, E. Strumberger8, C. Suzuki41, Y. Suzuki41, J. Svensson1, T. Szabolics7, T. Szepesi7, M. Szücs7, F.L. Tabares6, N. Tamura41, A. Tancetti35, C. Tantos10, J. Terry3, H. Thienpondt6, H. Thomsen1, M. Thumm10, J.M. Travere9, P. Traverso5, J. Tretter8, E. Trier8, H. Trimino Mora1, T. Tsujimura41, Y. Turkin1, A. Tykhyi45, B. Unterberg17, P. van Eeten1, B.Ph. van Milligen6, M. van Schoor26, L. Vano1, S. Varoutis10, M. Vecsei7, L. Vela56, J.L. Velasco6, M. Vervier17, N. Vianello50, H. Viebke1, R. Vilbrandt1, G. Vogel8, N. Vogt1, C. Volkhausen1, A. von Stechow1, F. Wagner1, E. Wang17, H. Wang57, F. Warmer1, T. Wauters26, L. Wegener1, T. Wegner1, G. Weir1, U. Wenzel1, A. White3, F. Wilde1, F. Wilms1, T. Windisch1, M. Winkler1, A. Winter1, V. Winters1, R. Wolf118, A.M. Wright29, G.A. Wurden39, P. Xanthopoulos1, S. Xu17, H. Yamada58, H. Yamaguchi41, M. Yokoyama41, M. Yoshinuma41, Q. Yu8, M. Zamanov14, M. Zanini1, M. Zarnstorff29, D. Zhang1, S. Zhou17, J. Zhu1, C. Zhu29, M. Zilker8, A. Zocco1, H. Zohm8, S. Zoletnik7 and L. Zsuga7 // 1 Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching and Greifswald, Germany: 2 University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; 3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America; 4 Consorzio RFX, Corso Stati Uniti, 4-35127 Padova, Italy; 5 Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States of America; 6 CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain; 7 Center for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thegeut 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; 8 Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstraße 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany; 9 CEA Cadarache, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France; 10 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; 11 University of Cagliari, Via Universita, 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; 12 École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Swiss Plasma Center, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; 13 University of Wisconsin–Madison, Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, United States of America; 14 Institute of Plasma Physics, National Science Center ‘Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology’, Kharkiv, Ukraine; 15 The Australian National University, Acton ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia; 16 Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, Palermo, 90128, Italy; 17 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung—Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany; 18 Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; 19 Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands; 20 Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. BarcelonaTech, C. Jordi Girona, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; 21 Culham Center for Fusion Energy, Abingdon OX14 3EB, United Kingdom; 22 Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; 23 Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; 24 Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, 23 Hery Str., 01-497 Warsaw, Poland; 25 ENEA—Centro Ricerche Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi, 45, 00044 Frascati RM, Italy; 26 Laboratory for Plasma Physics, LPP-ERM/KMS, TEC Partner, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium; 27 Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, PO Box 6336, 5600 HH Eindhoven, Netherlands; 28 University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States of America; 29 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States of America; 30 Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; 31 Aix-Marseille University, Jardin du Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles Livon, 13007, Marseille, France; 32 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Padova University, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; 33 Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; 34 Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland; 35 Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark; 36 VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd., PO Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland; 37 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China; 38 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, United States of America; 39 Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, United States of America; 40 Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany; 41 National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu Prefecture 509-5292, Japan; 42 Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; 43 Graz University of Technology, Rechbauerstraße 12, 8010 GRAZ, Austria; 44 Austrian Academy of Science, Doktor-Ignaz-Seipel-Platz 2, 1010 Wien, Austria; 45 Institute for Nuclear Research, prospekt Nauky 47, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine; 46 University of Opole, plac Kopernika 11a, 45-001 Opole, Poland; 47 University of Maryland, Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MA 20742, United States of America; 48 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russian Federation; 49 Department of Microelectronics and Computer Science, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 221/223, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; 50 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 7, 00185 Roma, Italy; 51 Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, St Petersburg 194021, Russian Federation; 52 Istituto di Fisica del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Via Roberto Cozzi, 53, 20125 Milano, Italy; 53 University of Szczecin, 70-453, aleja Papieza Jana Pawła II 22A, Szczecin, Poland; 54 Lawrence University, 711 E Boldt Way, Appleton, WI 54911, United States of America; 55 Physik-Department E28, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany; 56 Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Av. de la Universidad, 30 Madrid, Spain; 57 Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States of America; 58 University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chhiab 277-0882, Japan Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminant Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminant::7.a - Per a 2030, augmentar la cooperació internacional per tal de facilitar l’accés a la investigació i a les tecnolo­gies energètiques no contaminants, incloses les fonts d’energia renovables, l’eficiència energètica i les tecnologies de combustibles fòssils avançades i menys contaminants, i promoure la inversió en infraestructures energètiques i tecnologies d’energia no contaminant

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2022
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