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The comparison of output powers between self-Raman Nd:YVO4 lasers and Nd:YVO4/KGW Raman lasers operating at lime and orange wavelengths is presented. We exploit the LBO crystal with cutting angle θ = 90° and φ = 8° for the lime wavelengths, and then we change the angle to θ = 90° and φ = 3.9° for the orange wavelengths. In self-Raman Nd:YVO4 lasers, experimental results reveal that thermal loading can impact on the output performances, especially at the high pump power. However, by using a KGW crystal as Raman medium can remarkably share the thermal loading from gain medium. Besides, the designed coating for high reflectively at the Stokes field on the surface of KGW also improved the beam quality and reduced the lasing threshold. For self-Raman Nd:YVO4 lasers, we have achieved the output powers of 6.54 W and 5.12 W at 559 nm and 588 nm, respectively. For Nd:YVO4/KGW Raman lasers, the output powers at 559 nm and 589 nm have been increased to 9.1 W and 7.54 W, respectively. All lasers operate at a quasi-CW regime with the repetition rate 50 Hz and the duty cycle 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The administration of an intra-articular injection (IAI) of tranexamic acid (TXA) has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing both blood loss and transfusion rate during total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, few studies have reported the efficiency of a peri-articular injection (PAI) of TXA. We studied the efficiency of a PAI of TXA in reducing blood loss during TKA.Methods: Fifty patients undergoing primary simultaneous bilateral TKA were enrolled in this retrospective study. The right knee received a PAI of 1 g of TXA (Group I), and the left knee received an IAI of 1 g of TXA (Group II). The clinical outcome measures were a change in blood loss from Hemovac drains and surgical time.Results: The decrease in blood loss from the Hemovac was significantly lower in Group I (460.1 ± 36.79 vs. 576.0 ± 34.01, P < 0.001) than in Group II, and no significant difference in surgical times was observed. The blood transfusion rate in the present study was 16 %.Conclusions: A PAI of TXA may reduce blood loss more efficiently than an IAI of TXA during TKA without increased complications such as surgical site infection, poor wound healing, skin necrosis, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cementation of a highly cross‐linked polyethylene liner into a well‐fixed acetabular shell provided a good durability for liner wear. However, its efficacy in treating recurrent instability due to malposition cup is less reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of this surgical technique to treat hip instability. From 2009 to 2019, we have identified 38 patients who had been surgically treated for recurrent instability, including cementation liner (N = 20) and revision cup (N = 18) procedures. Patients were followed for a mean of 45.66 months. We have recorded and analyzed all causes of implant failure including recurrent instability. Clinical outcomes were assessed including complication and Harris Hip Score (HHS) preoperatively and at the latest follow‐up. Revision‐free survivorship for any cause was 95.0% at 1 year, and 84.4% at 5 years in cementation liner group and 88.9% at 1 year and 5 years in revision cup group. Mean Harris hip score improved from 48.3 points preoperatively to 79.5 points at the last follow‐up in cementation liner group and mean HHS improved from 43.3 points preoperatively to 77.2 points in revision cup group. There were two implant failures in each group, including one is due to persistent hip instability and the other is due to periprosthetic joint infection in the cementation liner group and two implant failure are due to persistent hip instability in the revision cup group. Functional scores and implant survival were similar in both groups. We demonstrated that orientation correction via the cementation of the polyethylene liner into well‐fixed acetabular shell is a promising option to treat and prevent instability. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]