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Background: In the treatment of depression, medication plays a crucial role. However, insufficient patient adherence to medication often results in unsatisfactory treatment outcomes, increasing both the recurrence and rehospitalization rates of depression, and consequently imposing a greater economic burden on the healthcare system. Objectives: Our objective was to examine the impact of pharmacogenomic testing on medication adherence and antidepressant switching rates among individuals diagnosed with depression. Methods: This retrospective cohort study encompassed patients diagnosed with depression who were admitted to the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University between April 2022 and September 2023. Patients were categorized into a pharmacogenomics-guided treatment (PGxT) group and a treatment as usual (TAU) group based on whether pharmacogenetic testing was conducted. The primary outcome measures included the proportion of patients exhibiting medication adherence greater than 80% at three and 6 months post-discharge, as well as the proportion of patients experiencing changes in their prescribed medication types. Results: A total of 310 patients in the PGxT group and TAU group were obtained through propensity score matching. Among the 620 patients in both groups, 57.42% demonstrated good adherence (≥80%) at 3 months; this percentage dropped to 31.45% at 6 months. At 3 months of observation, the percentages of patients demonstrating good adherence were significantly different between the groups (64.52% in the PGxT group vs. 50.32% in the TAU group; p < 0.001). The difference was also significant after 6 months (38.06% in the PGxT group vs. 24.84% in the TAU group; p < 0.001). Furthermore, patients receiving PGxT (20.64%) exhibited a lower rate of antidepressant conversion compared to those receiving TAU (31.29%). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that pharmacogenomics testing positively influences treatment adherence and may decrease the need to switch medications among patients with depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple polyacrylamide gel method combined with low temperature sintering technology has been used to synthesize the C–O functional groups grafted MgAl2O4/C3N4/YMnO3 (MAO–CN–YMO) heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced visible‐light‐induced photodegradation toward oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC‐HCl). A variety of characterization methods are used to gain insight into the phase purity, crystal structure, microstructure, functional group information, elemental composition, surface defect, light response capability, and photocatalytic activity of the as‐synthesized samples. The influences of the mass ratios of mCN/mYMO, mCN/mMAO, and mMAO/(mCN + mYMO) in CN–YMO, CN–MAO, and MAO–CN–YMO heterojunction photocatalysts on the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of OTC‐HCl was also discussed, and the optimal mass ratio of mMAO/(mCN + mYMO) is identified as 15 wt%. The photocatalytic experiments confirmed that the MAO–CN–YMO heterojunction photocatalysts had high selectivity for the degradation of antibiotics. The prediction of the photocatalytic activity of the MAO–CN–YMO heterojunction photocatalysts for the degradation of OTC‐HCl was made by a variety of intelligent algorithm models. The results of the whale optimization algorithm are highly consistent with the experimental results. Combined with the energy band theory and the characterization results of high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, the free radicals in the reaction solution preferentially attacked the –CH3, –NCH2, and –OH of OTC‐HCl during the degradation of OTC‐HCl by MAO–CN–YMO heterostructure photocatalysts, and then attack –C=O and –C=O–NH2, and finally perform ring‐opening reaction to degrade OTC‐HCl into nontoxic and harmless products of small molecules such as CO2, H2O, and NH4+. This work provides a new idea for the development of novel double p–n junction MAO–CN–YMO heterojunction photocatalysts for antibiotic degradation and the prediction of photocatalytic activity of multiple heterojunction photocatalysts by intelligent algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A gamma-ray irradiation-assisted polyacrylamide gel method has been used to synthesize MgAl2O4:Ce and Mn-codoped MgAl2O4:Ce phosphors. Ce ion doping improved the photoluminescence properties of MgAl2O4 but did not change the cubic spinel structure of the host. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mean particle size of the Ce- and Mn-codoped MgAl2O4 nanoparticles was smaller than that of the MgAl2O4 nanoparticles. Ce and Mn codoping improved the light absorption capacity and utilization, the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers, and the photocatalytic activity of the MgAl2O4 nanoparticles. The MgAl2O4:Ce:Mn nanoparticles exhibited high photocatalytic activity for photodegradation of methylene blue dye under simulated sunlight irradiation due to the synergistic effects of the band-edge position, the light absorption capacity and utilization, and the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work demonstrated the synthesis of the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) photocatalysts with an p–n xMgAl2O4/(1 – x)[CoAl2O4] junction, as novel simulated sunlight-driven photocatalysts at different Co/Mg molar ratios. A gamma-ray irradiation assisted polyacrylamide gel route was used to synthesize the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 pigments. The micro-structure, phase purity, surface morphology, the cation distribution, and the electron level, color, optical and electrochemical properties, and photocatalytic activity of the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 photocatalysts were systematically analyzed. The mean particle size of the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 photocatalysts increases with increase in the x value was demonstrated by TEM. Color and optical properties analysis indicated that the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 photocatalysts exhibits a bright blue color. As the x value increased to 0.2, the b* value of the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 photocatalysts reached to –21.468, it means that the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 possessed low Co content and exhibited a stabilized color and optical properties. Photocatalytic degradation experiments revealed that the CoxMg1–xAl2O4 (x = 0.1) photocatalysts exhibit highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the methylene blue (MB) dye under simulated sunlight irradiation. The synergistic effects of the adsorption capacity, light absorption capacity, and superoxide ions (•O2−) played important role for the photocatalytic degradation of the MB dye on the basis of the UV–Vis spectra, XPS analysis, electrochemical test, and photocatalytic degradation experiments Highlights: A novel photocatalyst was synthesized by a gamma-ray irradiation assisted polyacrylamide gel route. The CoxMg1–xAl2O4 photocatalysts possessed low Co content and exhibited a stabilized color and optical properties. The CoxMg1–xAl2O4 (x = 0.1) photocatalyst exhibits high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the methylene blue dye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study demonstrates the synthesis of the MgWO4 nanoparticles by a gamma-ray irradiation assisted polyacrylamide gel method through using the citric acid as chelating agent and H2WO4 and Mg(NO3)2·6H2O as starting materials. The anorthic MgWO4 phase can be prepared at a sintering temperature of 600 °C. As the calcination temperature is above 800 °C, a mixed phase including anorthic and monoclinic MgWO4 phases are observed. The prepared MgWO4 particles are almost spherical and the particle size increases with the increasing of sintering temperature. The optical and photoluminescence properties of the MgWO4 nanoparticles change appears to be strongly dependent on the calcining temperature and phase transition. The photoluminescence spectra show that a major emission band around 430 nm is observed when the excitation wavelength is 340 nm of the MgWO4 xerogel powders calcined at below 600 °C. The intensity of emission peak at 430 nm decreases with the decreasing of sintering temperature. In addition, a major emission band around 468 nm is observed when the excitation wavelength is 280 nm of the MgWO4 xerogel powders calcined at above 700 °C. The intensity of emission peak at 468 nm increases with the increasing of sintering temperature. The result confirmed that the anorthic MgWO4 no luminous for the first time. The photofluorescence enhancement of MgWO4 nanoparticles can be attributed to the type-I band alignment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion This retrospective study aimed to compare the outcomes of dinoprostone vaginal insert (PROPESS) and double balloon cook catheter (DBC) in term nulliparous pregnancies.A total of 1682 cases were enrolled, all of which were divided into two groups: PROPESS and DBC. The primary outcomes were rate of vaginal delivery (VD) and cesarean section (CS) and successful VD within 24 h and CS indications; the secondary outcomes were labor duration, oxytocin augmentation, complications during labor, maternal/neonatal outcomes, and predictors of successful VD within 24 h.There was no statistical difference in the rates of VD between the PROPESS group (73.74%) and the DBC group (77.73%) (p = 0.36). The VD rate within 24 h was significantly higher in PROPESS group than in the DBC group (55.45% vs. 38.43%, p < 0.001). The occurrence of nonreassuring fetal heart rate (NRFHR) patterns was higher in the CS indications of the PROPESS group than in the DBC group (56.86% vs. 37.81%, p < 0.001). The oxytocin augmentation was significantly lower in the PROPESS group than in the DBC group (52.79% vs. 94.9%, p < 0.001). The incidence of chorioamnionitis was significantly higher in the DBC group as compared with PROPESS group (4.36% vs. 1.34%, p < 0.001), while neonatal outcomes were comparable between the two groups. PROPESS (p < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 2.478, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.718–3.574), oxytocin augmentation (p < 0.001, OR 32.759, 95% CI 20.654–51.958), and amniotomy (p = 0.016, OR 1.897, 95% CI 1.331–2.704) were predictors of VD within 24 h.The effectiveness of delivery was comparable between the two groups. The PROPESS group resulted in a high successful VD rate within 24 h, although accompanied by NRFHR occurrence. Two cases with fetal presentation change (cephalic to breech) and four cases with umbilical cord prolapse were observed in the DBC group. PROPESS, oxytocin augmentation, and amniotomy were associated with VD interval within 24 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to compare the outcomes of dinoprostone vaginal insert (PROPESS) and double balloon cook catheter (DBC) in term nulliparous pregnancies., Materials and Methods: A total of 1682 cases were enrolled, all of which were divided into two groups: PROPESS and DBC. The primary outcomes were rate of vaginal delivery (VD) and cesarean section (CS) and successful VD within 24 h and CS indications; the secondary outcomes were labor duration, oxytocin augmentation, complications during labor, maternal/neonatal outcomes, and predictors of successful VD within 24 h., Results: There was no statistical difference in the rates of VD between the PROPESS group (73.74%) and the DBC group (77.73%) (p = 0.36). The VD rate within 24 h was significantly higher in PROPESS group than in the DBC group (55.45% vs. 38.43%, p < 0.001). The occurrence of nonreassuring fetal heart rate (NRFHR) patterns was higher in the CS indications of the PROPESS group than in the DBC group (56.86% vs. 37.81%, p < 0.001). The oxytocin augmentation was significantly lower in the PROPESS group than in the DBC group (52.79% vs. 94.9%, p < 0.001). The incidence of chorioamnionitis was significantly higher in the DBC group as compared with PROPESS group (4.36% vs. 1.34%, p < 0.001), while neonatal outcomes were comparable between the two groups. PROPESS (p < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 2.478, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.718-3.574), oxytocin augmentation (p < 0.001, OR 32.759, 95% CI 20.654-51.958), and amniotomy (p = 0.016, OR 1.897, 95% CI 1.331-2.704) were predictors of VD within 24 h., Conclusion: The effectiveness of delivery was comparable between the two groups. The PROPESS group resulted in a high successful VD rate within 24 h, although accompanied by NRFHR occurrence. Two cases with fetal presentation change (cephalic to breech) and four cases with umbilical cord prolapse were observed in the DBC group. PROPESS, oxytocin augmentation, and amniotomy were associated with VD interval within 24 h., (© 2024 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)