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Helicobacter pylori is increasingly resistant to antibiotics, significantly lowering eradication rates and posing a major public health challenge. This study investigated the distribution of antibiotic-resistant phenotypes and genotypes of H. pylori in Hainan Province. It determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of six antibiotics using the E-test method and detected resistance genes via Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, we compared resistance detection based on phenotypic analysis and whole genome sequencing (WGS) across 19 clinical isolates of H. pylori. A total of 140 H. pylori strains were isolated. The resistance rates to levofloxacin (LEV), clarithromycin (CLA), and metronidazole (MTZ) were 37.9%, 40.0%, and 93.6%, respectively. Notably, only 3.3% of the strains were susceptible to all six antibiotics. Multidrug-resistant strains accounted for 25.0% of the total, with no resistance detected to amoxicillin (AMX), tetracycline (TET), or furazolidone (FR) during the study period. Genotypic resistance to CLA and LEV showed near-perfect concordance with phenotypic resistance, with Kappa values of 0.910 and 0.938, respectively. Although all isolates were phenotypically sensitive to TET, 16 exhibited a mutation in the 16S rRNA gene (A926G). All strains harboring the R16H/C mutation and truncated rdxA were resistant to metronidazole, demonstrating a specificity of 100%. Therefore, FR, AMX, and TET are recommended as suitable empirical treatment options for H. pylori infections in this region. Genotypic analysis provides a reliable method for predicting resistance to CLA and LEV. WGS proves to be a valuable tool for identifying novel resistance loci in H. pylori and contributes to the phylogenetic classification of strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pecan (Carya illinoinensis), a globally economically significant dried fruit and woody oil tree, faces significant challenges in production and nut quality due to the rampant outbreak of severe fungal diseases. From 2020 to 2021, an extensive occurrence of a disease resembling gray mold was observed on the leaves and fruits of pecan trees in Jiangsu Province, China. Upon isolation from symptomatic samples, Botrytis cinerea was identified through morphological analysis and phylogenetic studies of the G3PDH, HSP60, and RPB2 gene sequences. Furthermore, pathogenicity tests conclusively attributed the gray mold disease observed on pecan leaves and fruits to B. cinerea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that B. cinerea has been reported on pecans. These findings thus provide a basis for further research on the management of pecan gray mold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterobasidion annosum is one of the most aggressive pathogens of Pinus forests in Europe, causing considerable economic losses. To detect H. annosum for disease diagnosis and control, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction with a primer set designed from the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) DNA sequences of H. annosum. In our study, this LAMP assay was found to be capable of efficiently amplifying the target gene within 60 min at 63°C. In specificity tests, H. annosum was positively detected, and other species were negative. The detection limit of this assay was found to be 100 pg·μL-1, and the assay was also successfully tested for use with basidiospore suspensions and wood samples. This study provides a rapid method for diagnosing root and butt rot caused by H. annosum, which will be of use in port surveillance of logs imported from Europe.

Background: Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are the preferred treatment option for Graves' disease (GD), yet there is a lack of systematic evaluations studying the relationship between treatment duration and therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to assess the remission rate (RR) in children with GD under ATDs therapy and to conduct an analysis of associated factors. Method: Systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang database, with a search time limit from the establishment of the database to 23 November 2023. The primary outcome was the RR. The pooled RR was calculated and subgroup comparisons were performed. Meta‐analysis was conducted using R Studio 2023.09.0 + 463 software. Results: The study incorporated a total of 19 research projects, which collectively involved 3359 paediatric patients diagnosed with GD (comprising 2600 girls and 759 boys). The overall RR for paediatric GD treated with ATDs was 25.4% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 20.7%, 30.1%). The pooled RR following treatment durations of < 2 years, 2−5 years, and > 5 years were respectively 15.5%, 24.1% and 33.0%. Meta‐regression results indicated that the duration of treatment and follow‐up duration were significant sources of high heterogeneity among the studies. Specifically, for every additional year of ATDs treatment, there was an increase in the RR by 3.8% (Coefficient = 3.8%, 95% CI: 0.6%, 7.0%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The overall RR for the treatment of paediatric GD with ATDs is 25.4%, and prolonging the treatment course can indeed lead to an increased RR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous advancement of medical technology, the survival rate of preterm infants is gradually improving, However, due to the underdeveloped function of various organs and systems, preterm infants are often exposed to light, noise, medical as well as nursing operations and other stimuli during their hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); it is highly susceptible to a number of problems, such as pain, unstable vital signs, growth retardation, and sleep disruption. This article reviews the research progress of music intervention in nursing of premature infants in NICU with both traditional and conventional care. This article reviews the research background, methodology/design, and measurement/application effects of music interventions, including Chinese and Western traditional music, in the care of preterm infants in NICU. All scholarly literature retrieved from MEDLINE\PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, Google scholar, CNKI scholar, Scopus and PubsHub. As a simple and effective non-pharmacological intervention, music intervention can effectively alleviate neonatal surgical pain, increase heart rate and oxygen saturation, promote sleep, growth and development, and improve neurological development. This review provide theoretical references for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza (CTS) is a medicinal plant with various pharmacological effects such as tonifying kidney and anti‐inflammatory. However, the chemical composition and difference of its four parts (leaves, stems, rhizomes, and root tubers) have been rarely reported. In this study, ultrafast flow liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight MS was applied to analyze the chemical profile of CTS and identify 55 compounds, including terpenoids, phenylethanol glycosides, fatty acid derivatives, chain glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, and others. Among these compounds, 34 compounds were first identified in CTS. They were mainly terpenoids, phenylethanol glycosides, fatty acid derivatives, and so forth. Multivariate statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis were also used to evaluate the difference in chemical compounds from the four parts of CTS. The results showed that phenylethanol glycosides were the main compounds of the underground parts, while terpenoids were the main compounds of the aboveground parts. This study revealed the chemical diversity and similarity of CTS and suggested that the rhizomes could be used as an alternative medicinal part to improve the resource utilization of CTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]