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Background: Epidemiologic reports suggest that the most severe or fatal adenoviral disease in children might be associated with human adenovirus (HAdV) type 7. However, the pathogenesis of HAdV-7-induced severe disease remains poorly understood.Methods: HAdV-3 and HAdV-7 replication kinetics and the host response to infection were compared using ex vivo human lung tissue cultures. Furthermore, cytokine and chemokine levels and the presence of adenovirus DNA in the serum of hospitalized children infected with HAdV-7 (n = 65) or HAdV-3 (n = 48) were measured (using a multiplex immunoassay and Taqman real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively).Results: Among 471 HAdV-positive specimens, HAdV-3 or HAdV-7 was the most prevalent genotype during 2014-2016 or 2018, respectively. The incidence of severe pneumonia was higher in HAdV-7-infected than in HAdV-3-infected individuals (30.1% vs 4.5%, respectively). HAdV-7 replicated more efficiently than HAdV-3 ex vivo. Interferon-induced protein 10, interleukin 6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 levels were significantly higher in HAdV-7-infected than in HAdV-3-infected children. Adenovirus DNA was detected in serum samples from 40% and 4.2% of HAdV-7- and HAdV-3-infected children, respectively. Furthermore, viremia was strongly associated with severe clinical presentations.Conclusions: The pathogenesis of HAdV-7-induced severe disease was probably associated with high replication competence and hyperinflammatory responses. The detection of adenovirus DNA in blood may be useful in assessing risk for severe disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes an air-conditioning system which supplies outdoor air through parallel pipes buried underground. A small electric fan facilitates air flow through the system and heat is exchanged between the conditioning air and the ground outside the house. The advantages of this type of air-condition ig system over conventional ones include energy saving, protection of the envi ronment, amelioration of indoor air quality and thermal climate. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The storage of aircraft in underground tunnels can only be achieved safely if there is adequate ventilation. The theoretical aspects of the design of such an underground space are considered from the point of view of providing natural ventilation. If the ventilation air is to be dried in an attempt to reduce corro sion of the stored aircraft, this should be achieved by placing a dehumidifica tion plant near the air intake and ensuring that sufficient air flows through the tunnels in the same direction throughout the year. Cost-effective conditioning of the input air can be achieved with a salt solution liquid spray dehumidifier regenerated by solar power. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]