37 results on '"Chen, Tingsu"'
Search Results
2. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Regulate Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolic Pathways to Promote the Growth of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.
- Author
-
Kang, Yihao, Twagirayezu, Gratien, Xu, Jie, Wen, Yunying, Shang, Pengxiang, Song, Juan, Wang, Qian, Li, Xianliang, Liu, Shengqiu, Chen, Tingsu, Cheng, Tong, and Zhang, Jinlian
- Subjects
VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas ,AMINO acids ,ATP-binding cassette transporters ,TRANSFER RNA ,LIPIDS ,METABOLOMICS - Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance the uptake of soil nutrients and water by citrus, promoting its growth. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the action of AM fungi in promoting the growth of citrus were not fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the role of AM fungi Funneliformis mosseae in the regulatory mechanisms of P. trifoliata growth. Pot experiments combined with non-targeted metabolomics methods were used to observe the growth process and changes in metabolic products of P. trifoliata under the conditions of F. mosseae inoculation. The results showed that F. mosseae could form an excellent symbiotic relationship with P. trifoliata, thereby enhancing the utilization of soil nutrients and significantly promoting its growth. Compared with the control, the plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and aboveground and underground dry weight in the F. mosseae inoculation significantly increased by 2.57, 1.29, 1.57, 4.25, and 2.78 times, respectively. Moreover, the root system results confirmed that F. mosseae could substantially promote the growth of P. trifoliata. Meanwhile, the metabolomics data indicated that 361 differential metabolites and 56 metabolic pathways were identified in the roots of P. trifoliata and were inoculated with F. mosseae. This study revealed that the inoculated F. mosseae could participate in ABC transporters by upregulating their participation, glycerophospholipid metabolism, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and metabolites from five metabolic pathways of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis [mainly enriched in lipid (39.50%) and amino acid-related metabolic pathways] to promote the growth of P. trifoliata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. An inhibitor-monitorable single-tube duplex quantitative real-time PCR assay for the detection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
- Author
-
Huang, Weida, primary, Zhong, Zecheng, additional, Lin, Zhihua, additional, Zhang, Jinlian, additional, Liu, Jinhua, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, Li, Tingdong, additional, Zhang, Shiyin, additional, and Ge, Shengxiang, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Spin-Torque and Spin-Hall Nano-Oscillators
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Dumas, Randy K., Eklund, Anders, Muduli, Pranaba K., Houshang, Afhin, Awad, Ahmad A., Dürrenfeld, Philipp, Malm, B. Gunnar, Rusu, Ana, and Åkerman, Johan
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
This paper reviews the state of the art in spin-torque and spin Hall effect driven nano-oscillators. After a brief introduction to the underlying physics, the authors discuss different implementations of these oscillators, their functional properties in terms of frequency range, output power, phase noise, and modulation rates, and their inherent propensity for mutual synchronization. Finally, the potential for these oscillators in a wide range of applications, from microwave signal sources and detectors to neuromorphic computation elements, is discussed together with the specific electronic circuitry that has so far been designed to harness this potential.
- Published
- 2015
5. Comprehensive and Macrospin-Based Magnetic Tunnel Junction Spin Torque Oscillator Model - Part II: Verilog-A Model Implementation
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Eklund, Anders, Iacocca, Ezio, Rodriguez, Saul, Malm, Gunnar, Åkerman, Johan, and Rusu, Ana
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
The rapid development of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillator (STO) technology demands an analytical model to enable building MTJ STO-based circuits and systems so as to evaluate and utilize MTJ STOs in various applications. In Part I of this paper, an analytical model based on the macrospin approximation, has been introduced and verified by comparing it with the measurements of three different MTJ STOs. In Part II, the full Verilog-A implementation of the proposed model is presented. To achieve a reliable model, an approach to reproduce the phase noise generated by the MTJ STO has been proposed and successfully employed. The implemented model yields a time domain signal, which retains the characteristics of operating frequency, linewidth, oscillation amplitude and DC operating point, with respect to the magnetic field and applied DC current. The Verilog-A implementation is verified against the analytical model, providing equivalent device characteristics for the full range of biasing conditions. Furthermore, a system that includes an MTJ STO and CMOS RF circuits is simulated to validate the proposed model for system- and circuit-level designs. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model opens the possibility to explore STO technology in a wide range of applications., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Comprehensive and Macrospin-Based Magnetic Tunnel Junction Spin Torque Oscillator Model - Part I: Analytical Model of the MTJ STO
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Eklund, Anders, Iacocca, Ezio, Rodriguez, Saul, Malm, Gunnar, Åkerman, Johan, and Rusu, Ana
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillators (STO) have shown the potential to be used in a wide range of microwave and sensing applications. To evaluate potential uses of MTJ STO technology in various applications, an analytical model that can capture MTJ STO's characteristics, while enabling system- and circuit-level designs, is of great importance. An analytical model based on macrospin approximation is necessary for these designs since it allows implementation in hardware description languages. This paper presents a new macrospin-based, comprehensive and compact MTJ STO model, which can be used for various MTJ STOs to estimate the performance of MTJ STOs together with their application-specific integrated circuits. To adequately present the complete model, this paper is divided into two parts. In Part I, the analytical model is introduced and verified by comparing it against measured data of three different MTJ STOs, varying the angle and magnitude of the magnetic field, as well as the DC biasing current. The proposed analytical model is suitable for being implemented in Verilog-A and used for efficient simulations at device-, circuit- and system-levels. In Part II, the full Verilog-A implementation of the analytical model with accurate phase noise generation is presented and verified by simulations., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Effects of microbial agent application on the bacterial community in ginger rhizosphere soil under different planting years
- Author
-
Wang, Qian, primary, Song, Juan, additional, Zhang, Jinlian, additional, Qin, Xiaojuan, additional, Kang, Yihao, additional, Huang, Shilv, additional, Zhou, Shengmao, additional, and Chen, Tingsu, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Indigenous and commercial isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi display differential effects in Pyrus betulaefolia roots and elicit divergent transcriptomic and metabolomic responses
- Author
-
Shao, Yadong, primary, Jiang, Shangtao, additional, Peng, Haiying, additional, Li, Han, additional, Li, Peigen, additional, Jiang, Rou, additional, Fang, Wenyi, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, Jiang, Gaofei, additional, Yang, Tianjie, additional, Nambeesan, Savithri U., additional, Xu, Yangchun, additional, and Dong, Caixia, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Integration of GMR-based spin torque oscillators and CMOS circuitry
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Eklund, Anders, Sani, Sohrab, Rodriguez, Saul, Malm, B. Gunnar, Åkerman, Johan, and Rusu, Ana
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. An Arabidopsis ATP-Dependent, DEAD-Box RNA Helicase Loses Activity upon IsoAsp Formation but Is Restored by PROTEIN ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE
- Author
-
Nayak, Nihar R., Putnam, Andrea A., Addepalli, Balasubrahmanyam, Lowenson, Jonathan D., Chen, Tingsu, Jankowsky, Eckhard, Perry, Sharyn E., Dinkins, Randy D., Limbach, Patrick A., Clarke, Steven G., and Downie, A. Bruce
- Published
- 2013
11. Corrigendum: Genetically Modified Sugarcane Intercropping Soybean Impact on Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities and Co-occurrence Patterns
- Author
-
Wei, Beilei, primary, Zhang, Jinlian, additional, Wen, Rushuang, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, Xia, Ningshao, additional, Liu, Yue, additional, and Wang, Ziting, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. First Report ofNigrospora oryzaeCausing Leaf Spot on Ginger in China
- Author
-
Liu, Zengliang, primary, Zhou, Shuangyun, additional, Qi, Liangliang, additional, Wang, Xiaoguo, additional, Song, Juan, additional, Li, Dongping, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, and Wang, Qian, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Genetically Modified Sugarcane Intercropping Soybean Impact on Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities and Co-occurrence Patterns
- Author
-
Wei, Beilei, primary, Zhang, Jinlian, additional, Wen, Rushuang, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, Xia, Ningshao, additional, Liu, Yue, additional, and Wang, Ziting, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on microbial diversity and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of Artemisia annua
- Author
-
Ma, Junqing, primary, Ma, Yuan, additional, Wei, Zhuli, additional, Wu, Jiemin, additional, Sun, Chenyu, additional, Yang, Juan, additional, Liu, Lu, additional, Liao, Honglin, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, and Huang, Jinghua, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. First Report ofNigrospora oryzaeCausing Leaf Spot on Ginger in China
- Author
-
Li Dongping, Wang Qian, Wang Xiaoguo, Chen Tingsu, Liangliang Qi, Shuangyun Zhou, Liu Zengliang, and Song Juan
- Subjects
Crop ,Horticulture ,biology ,Spots ,Inoculation ,Leaf spot ,Potato dextrose agar ,Zingiber officinale ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Rhizome ,Conidium - Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is an herbal crop widely grown in China for its medicinal and savory qualities of rhizomes. In August 2018, leaf spot symptoms were observed on ginger plants grown in a field in Nanning, Guangxi Province (E108°3'54", N23°14'48"). Disease incidence was above 50%, and in a Nanning field, rhizome yield loss was almost 30%. Early symptoms appeared as circular, necrotic areas that later developed into circular or irregular spots. The centers of the lesions were white and often surrounded by chlorotic halos (Figure S1A). In severe infections, the spots frequently coalesced, causing the entire leaf to become withered and curved. Small pieces (3 to 4 mm2) from the margin of infected lesions were surface sterilized in 75% ethanol for 40 s followed by 1% NaOCl for 90 s, placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 28°C in the dark for 4 days. Hyphal tips from the leading edge of colonies were transferred to fresh PDA plates to obtain pure cultures. Fungal colonies were initially white, then turned black/grayish brown when maintained in the dark at 28°C after 5 days (Figure S1B). Conidia were single-celled, brown, or black, smooth, spherical, or subspherical with diameters varying from 9.5 to 15 μm (mean = 13.5 ± 0.72 µm, n = 50) (Figure S1C). Based on these morphological characteristics, the isolates were provisionally identified as Nigrospora oryzae (Ellis 1971; Hudson 1963). Genomic DNA was extracted from a representative isolate Sjb-2. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, beta-tubulin (TUB2), and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) were amplified using primer pairs including ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), Bt-2a/Bt-2b (Glass and Donaldson 1995), and EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone et al. 1999), respectively. The obtained ITS sequence (GenBank accession no. MW555242), TUB2 sequence (MZ048644), and TEF1-α sequence (MZ048645) showed >99% similarity with several GenBank sequences of N. oryzae (KF516962 for ITS; MK550707 for TUB2; and KY019425 for TEF1-α, respectively). Based on the combined sequences of ITS, TUB2 and TEF1-α sequences, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the maximum likelihood method and confirmed that the isolates were N. oryzae (Figure S2). Pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed by fulfilling Koch's postulates. Agar blocks (3 mm diameter) containing a fungal mycelium were placed on detached healthy leaves of ginger. The leaves were then wrapped with sterile polyethylene and incubated in a greenhouse at 25°C with 60% RH. Within 7 days, symptoms appeared on inoculated leaves similar to spots observed in the field, whereas controls remained symptomless. The same pathogen was reisolated from the spots. Pathogenicity tests were performed twice with three replications, indicating that N. oryzae is responsible for leaf spot disease on ginger. The disease in ginger caused by N. oryzae had been reported in Southern Africa (Grech et al. 1989). To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. oryzae causing leaf spot of ginger in China. In the field, this pathogen can substantially affect ginger's health and rhizome yield if no effective control measures are implemented. Therefore, management of the disease should be further investigated to avoid major economic losses.
- Published
- 2022
16. In vitro digestive stability of complexes between gliadin and synthetic blocking peptides
- Author
-
Hoffmann, Karolina, Carlsson, Nils-Gunnar, Alminger, Marie, Chen, Tingsu, Wold, Agnes, Olsson, Olof, and Sandberg, Ann-Sofie
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Identification of gliadin-binding peptides by phage display
- Author
-
Östman Sofia, Hoffmann Karolina, Chen Tingsu, Sandberg Ann-Sofie, and Olsson Olof
- Subjects
Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Abstract Background Coeliac disease (CD) is a common and complex disorder of the small intestine caused by intolerance to wheat gluten and related edible cereals like barley and rye. Peptides originating from incomplete gliadin digestion activate the lamina propria infiltrating T cells to release proinflammatory cytokines, which in turn cause profound tissue remodelling of the small intestinal wall. There is no cure for CD except refraining from consuming gluten-containing products. Results Phage from a random oligomer display library were enriched by repeated pannings against immobilised gliadin proteins. Phage from the final panning round were plated, individual plaques picked, incubated with host bacteria, amplified to a population size of 1011 to 1012 and purified. DNA was isolated from 1000 purified phage populations and the region covering the 36 bp oligonucleotide insert from which the displayed peptides were translated, was sequenced. Altogether more than 150 different peptide-encoding sequences were identified, many of which were repeatedly isolated under various experimental conditions. Amplified phage populations, each expressing a single peptide, were tested first in pools and then one by one for their ability to inhibit binding of human anti-gliadin antibodies in ELISA assays. These experiments showed that several of the different peptide-expressing phage tested inhibited the interaction between gliadin and anti-gliadin antibodies. Finally, four different peptide-encoding sequences were selected for further analysis, and the corresponding 12-mer peptides were synthesised in vitro. By ELISA assays it was demonstrated that several of the peptides inhibited the interaction between gliadin molecules and serum anti-gliadin antibodies. Moreover, ELISA competition experiments as well as dot-blot and western blot revealed that the different peptides interacted with different molecular sites of gliadin. Conclusions We believe that several of the isolated and characterised gliadin-binding peptides described here could provide valuable tools for researchers in the field of CD by facilitating studies on localisation and uptake of various gliadin peptides in the small intestine. In future work, the potential of these peptides to detoxify gluten will be investigated.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Development and characterization of an oat TILLING-population and identification of mutations in lignin and β-glucan biosynthesis genes
- Author
-
Vivekanand Vivekanand, Larsson Mikael, Bräutigam Marcus, Sikora Per, Chawade Aakash, Nakash Montedar, Chen Tingsu, and Olsson Olof
- Subjects
Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Abstract Background Oat, Avena sativa is the sixth most important cereal in the world. Presently oat is mostly used as feed for animals. However, oat also has special properties that make it beneficial for human consumption and has seen a growing importance as a food crop in recent decades. Increased demand for novel oat products has also put pressure on oat breeders to produce new oat varieties with specific properties such as increased or improved β-glucan-, antioxidant- and omega-3 fatty acid levels, as well as modified starch and protein content. To facilitate this development we have produced a TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) population of the spring oat cultivar SW Belinda. Results Here a population of 2600 mutagenised M2 lines, producing 2550 M3 seed lots were obtained. The M2 population was initially evaluated by visual inspection and a number of different phenotypes were seen ranging from dwarfs to giants, early flowering to late flowering, leaf morphology and chlorosis. Phloroglucinol/HCl staining of M3 seeds, obtained from 1824 different M2 lines, revealed a number of potential lignin mutants. These were later confirmed by quantitative analysis. Genomic DNA was prepared from the M2 population and the mutation frequency was determined. The estimated mutation frequency was one mutation per 20 kb by RAPD-PCR fingerprinting, one mutation per 38 kb by MALDI-TOF analysis and one mutation per 22.4 kb by DNA sequencing. Thus, the overall mutation frequency in the population is estimated to be one mutation per 20-40 kb, depending on if the method used addressed the whole genome or specific genes. During the investigation, 6 different mutations in the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (AsPAL1) gene and 10 different mutations in the cellulose synthase-like (AsCslF6) β-glucan biosynthesis gene were identified. Conclusion The oat TILLING population produced in this work carries, on average, hundreds of mutations in every individual gene in the genome. It will therefore be an important resource in the development of oat with specific characters. The population (M5) will be available for academic research via Nordgen http://www.nordgen.org as soon as enough seeds are obtained. [Genbank accession number for the cloned AsPAL1 is GQ373155 and GQ379900 for AsCslF6]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Wiring harness reduction in automotive using Li-Fi technology
- Author
-
Palanivel, Natesan, primary and Chen, Tingsu, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Spin-Torque and Spin-Hall Nano-Oscillators
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, primary, Dumas, Randy K., additional, Eklund, Anders, additional, Muduli, Pranaba K., additional, Houshang, Afshin, additional, Awad, Ahmad A., additional, Durrenfeld, Philipp, additional, Malm, B. Gunnar, additional, Rusu, Ana, additional, and Akerman, Johan, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Spin Torque Oscillator Modeling, CMOS Design and STO-CMOS Integration
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu
- Subjects
Verilog-A model ,STO-IC integration ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,macrospin approximation ,high frequency CMOS circuits ,analytical model ,Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering ,balun-LNA ,Elektroteknik och elektronik ,microwave oscillator ,STO technology - Abstract
Spin torque oscillators (STOs) are microwave oscillators with an attractive blend of features, including a more-than-octave tunability, GHz operating frequencies, nanoscale size, nanosecond switching speed and full compatibility with CMOS technology. Over the past decade, STOs' physical phenomena have been explored to a greater extent, their performance has been further improved, and STOs have already shown great potential for a wide range of applications, from microwave sources and detectors to neuromorphic computing. This thesis is devoted to promoting the STO technology towards its applications, by means of implementing the STO's electrical model, dedicated CMOS integrated circuits (ICs), and STO-CMOS IC integration. An electrical model, which can capture magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) STO's characteristics, while enabling system- and circuit-level designs and performance evaluations, is of great importance for the development of MTJ STO-based applications. A comprehensive and compact analytical model, which is based on macrospin approximations and can fulfill the aforementioned requirements, is proposed. This model is fully implemented in Verilog-A, and can be used for efficient simulations of various MTJ STOs. Moreover, an accurate phase noise generation approach, which ensures a reliable model, is proposed and successfully used in the Verilog-A model implementation. The model is experimentally validated by three different MTJ STOs under different bias conditions. CMOS circuits, which can enhance the limited output power of MTJ STOs to levels that are required in different applications, are proposed, implemented and tested. A novel balun-low noise amplifier (LNA), which can offer sufficient gain, bandwidth and linearity for MTJ STO-based magnetic field sensing applications, is proposed. Additionally, a wideband amplifier, which can be connected to an MTJ STO to form a highly-tunable microwave oscillator in a phase-locked loop (PLL), is also proposed. The measurement results demonstrate that the proposed circuits can be used to develop MTJ STO-based magnetic field sensing and microwave source applications. The investigation of possible STO-CMOS IC integration approaches demonstrates that the wire-bonding-based integration is the most suitable approach. Therefore, a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) STO is integrated with its dedicated CMOS IC, which provides the necessary functions, using the wire-bonding-based approach. The RF characterization of the integrated GMR STO-CMOS IC system under different magnetic fields and DC currents shows that such an integration can eliminate wave reflections. These findings open the possibility of using GMR STOs in magnetic field sensing and microwave source applications. QC 20151112
- Published
- 2015
22. CMOS High Frequency Circuits for Spin Torque Oscillator Technology
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu
- Subjects
on-chip bias-tee ,wideband amplifier ,CMOS ,microwave integrated circuit ,Balun-LNA ,multi-standard multi-band radios ,Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering ,Elektroteknik och elektronik ,spin torque oscillator - Abstract
Spin torque oscillator (STO) technology has a unique blend of features, including but not limited to octave tunability, GHz operating frequency, and nanoscaled size, which makes it highly suitable for microwave and radar applications. This thesis studies the fundamentals of STOs, utilizes the state-of-art STO's advantages, and proposes two STO-based microwave systems targeting its microwave applications and measurement setup, respectively. First, based on an investigation of possible STO applications, the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) STO shows a great suitability for microwave oscillator in multi-standard multi-band radios. Yet, it also imposes a large challenge due to its low output power, which limits it from being used as a microwave oscillator. In this regard, different power enhancement approaches are investigated to achieve an MTJ STO-based microwave oscillator. The only possible approach is to use a dedicated CMOS wideband amplifier to boost the output power of the MTJ STO. The dedicated wideband amplifier, containing a novel Balun-LNA, an amplification stage and an output buffer, is proposed, analyzed, implemented, measured and used to achieve the MTJ STO-based microwave oscillator. The proposed amplifier core consumes 25.44 mW from a 1.2 V power supply and occupies an area of 0.16 mm2 in a 65 nm CMOS process. The measurement results show a S21 of 35 dB, maximum NF of 5 dB, bandwidth of 2 GHz - 7 GHz. This performance, as well as the measurement results of the proposed MTJ STO-based microwave oscillator, show that this microwave oscillator has a highly-tunable range and is able to drive a PLL. The second aspect of this thesis, firstly identifies the major difficulties in measuring the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) STO, and hence studying its dynamic properties. Thereafter, the system architecture of a reliable GMR STO measurement setup, which integrates the GMR STO with a dedicated CMOS high frequency IC to overcome these difficulties in precise characterization of GMR STOs, is proposed. An analysis of integration methods is given and the integration method based on wire bonding is evaluated and employed, as a first integration attempt of STO and CMOS technologies. Moreover, a dedicated high frequency CMOS IC, which is composed of a dedicated on-chip bias-tee, ESD diodes, input and output networks, and an amplification stage for amplifying the weak signal generated by the GMR STO, is proposed, analyzed, developed, implemented and measured. The proposed dedicated high frequency circuits for GMR STO consumes 14.3 mW from a 1.2 V power supply and takes a total area of 0.329 mm2 in a 65 nm CMOS process. The proposed on-chip bias-tee presents a maximum measured S12 of -20 dB and a current handling of about 25 mA. Additionally, the proposed dedicated IC gives a measured gain of 13 dB with a bandwidth of 12.5 GHz - 14.5 GHz. The first attempt to measure the (GMR STO+IC) pair presents no RF signal at the output. The possible cause and other identified issues are given. QC 20140114
- Published
- 2014
23. Spin Torque Oscillator-based Integrated Solutions for Magnetic Field Sensing and Wireless Communication Applications
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu
- Subjects
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering ,Elektroteknik och elektronik - Abstract
The emerging spin torque oscillator (STO) technology is a compelling microwave oscillator with an extremely wide frequency tunable range. However, due to the drawbacks of this early-stage technology, very limited progress has been achieved in employing the STO in practical applications. This paper presents three suitable applications of the state-of-the-art STO, covering magnetic field sensing and wireless communcations, which can greatly benefit from the advantages of the STO. Furthermore, the possible and suitable STO-based integrated solutions for achieving these applications are introduced. QS 2015
- Published
- 2014
24. A 2 GHz - 8.7 GHz Wideband Balun-LNA with Noise Cancellation and Gain Boosting
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Rodriguez, Saul, Alarcon, Eduard, and Rusu, Ana
- Subjects
Noise measurement ,Teknik och teknologier ,Radio frequency ,Inductors ,Engineering and Technology ,Decision support systems ,Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering ,Elektroteknik och elektronik ,MOS devices ,Hafnium - Abstract
A wideband Balun-LNA covering the operation frequency range of magnetic tunnel junction Spin Torque Oscillator is presented. The LNA is a combination of common-source and cross-coupled common-gate stages, which provides wideband matching and noise cancellation, as well as gain boosting. The internal feedback introduced by the cross-coupling allows an additional degree of freedom to select transistor sizes and bias by decoupling the impedance matching, noise, and gain imbalance trade-offs which are present in similar topologies. Two LNAs using the proposed technique are designed in 65nm CMOS. The LNAs have a simulated bandwidth of 2 GHz - 8.7 GHz, gain of 16 dB, IIP3 of -3.5 dBm, and NF < 3.8 dB while consuming 3.72 mW from a 1.2 V power supply. QC 20130114
- Published
- 2012
25. Wideband Amplifier Design for STO Technology
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu
- Subjects
Wideband Amplifier STO CMOS microwave ,Inbäddad systemteknik ,Embedded Systems - Abstract
Spin Torque Oscillator (STO) is a promising technology for microwave and radar applications due to its large tunability, miniature size, high operation frequency, high integration level, etc. However, the technology comes also with issues and challenges,such as low output power and spectrum impurity. For instance, in order to apply the STO technology into communication systems, an amplifier is required to compensate the STO’s low output power. This thesis presents an amplifier for promising Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) STO devices. The motional resistance of different MTJ STO devices varies from several Ohms to hundreds Ohms, which makes the design challenging. This thesis focuses first on extracting the amplifier requirements using the state-of-the-art MTJ STO devices. The operation frequency of MTJ STO is in the range of 4-8GHzwith a -40~-60 dBm output power. Therefore, a wideband amplifier with 45-65 dB gain is required. Then based on the amplifier requirements, an amplifier topology is proposed, which is composed of two types of input balun-LNA stages depending onthe motional resistance of the STO, a broadband limiting amplifier and an outputbuffer. CG-CS architecture is suitable for the input balun-LNA in the small motional resistance case and cascoded-CS architecture is suitable for the large motional resistance case. The limiting amplifier and the output buffer are the common circuits shared by two cases via switches. The wideband amplifier for STO is implemented using a 65nm CMOS process with 1.2 V supply and it exhibits 52.36 dB gain with 1.34-11.8 GHz bandwidth insmall motional resistance case and 59.29 dB gain with 1.171-8.178 GHz bandwidth in large motional resistance case. The simulation results show that the amplifier has very low power consumption and meets the linearity and noise performance requirements.
- Published
- 2011
26. Identification of gliadin-binding peptides by phage display
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, primary, Hoffmann, Karolina, additional, Östman, Sofia, additional, Sandberg, Ann-Sofie, additional, and Olsson, Olof, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Substrates of the Arabidopsis thaliana Protein Isoaspartyl Methyltransferase 1 Identified Using Phage Display and Biopanning
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, primary, Nayak, Nihar, additional, Majee, Susmita Maitra, additional, Lowenson, Jonathan, additional, Schäfermeyer, Kim R., additional, Eliopoulos, Alyssa C., additional, Lloyd, Taylor D., additional, Dinkins, Randy, additional, Perry, Sharyn E., additional, Forsthoefel, Nancy R., additional, Clarke, Steven G., additional, Vernon, Daniel M., additional, Zhou, Zhaohui Sunny, additional, Rejtar, Tomas, additional, and Downie, A. Bruce, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Development and characterization of an oat TILLING-population and identification of mutations in lignin and β-glucan biosynthesis genes
- Author
-
Chawade, Aakash, primary, Sikora, Per, additional, Bräutigam, Marcus, additional, Larsson, Mikael, additional, Vivekanand, Vivekanand, additional, Nakash, Montedar All, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, and Olsson, Olof, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Blocking Peptides Decrease Tissue Transglutaminase Processing of Gliadin in Vitro
- Author
-
Hoffmann, Karolina, primary, Alminger, Marie, additional, Andlid, Thomas, additional, Chen, Tingsu, additional, Olsson, Olof, additional, and Sandberg, Ann-Sofie, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Comprehensive and Macrospin-Based Magnetic Tunnel Junction Spin Torque Oscillator Model-Part I: Analytical Model of the MTJ STO.
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Eklund, Anders, Iacocca, Ezio, Rodriguez, Saul, Malm, B. Gunnar, Akerman, Johan, and Rusu, Ana
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC tunnel junction devices , *MAGNETIC multilayers , *MAGNETIC tunnelling , *SPIN transfer torque , *MAGNETIZATION measurement , *INTEGRATED circuit design - Abstract
Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillators (STOs) have shown the potential to be used in a wide range of microwave and sensing applications. To evaluate the potential uses of MTJ STO technology in various applications, an analytical model that can capture MTJ STO’s characteristics, while enabling system- and circuit-level designs, is of great importance. An analytical model based on macrospin approximation is necessary for these designs since it allows implementation in hardware description languages. This paper presents a new macrospin-based, comprehensive, and compact MTJ STO model, which can be used for various MTJ STOs to estimate the performance of MTJ STOs together with their application-specific integrated circuits. To adequately present the complete model, this paper is divided into two parts. In Part I, the analytical model is introduced and verified by comparing it against measured data of three different MTJ STOs, varying the angle and magnitude of the magnetic field, as well as the DC biasing current. The proposed analytical model is suitable for being implemented in Verilog-A and used for efficient simulations at device, circuit, and system levels. In Part II, the full Verilog-A implementation of the analytical model with accurate phase noise generation is presented and verified by simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Comprehensive and Macrospin-Based Magnetic Tunnel Junction Spin Torque Oscillator Model- Part II: Verilog-A Model Implementation.
- Author
-
Chen, Tingsu, Eklund, Anders, Iacocca, Ezio, Rodriguez, Saul, Malm, B. Gunnar, Akerman, Johan, and Rusu, Ana
- Subjects
- *
SEMICONDUCTOR device modeling , *MAGNETIC tunnelling , *MAGNETIC tunnel junction devices , *SPIN transfer torque , *VERILOG (Computer hardware description language) , *COMPUTER simulation of phase noise , *SEMICONDUCTOR device reliability - Abstract
The rapid development of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillator (STO) technology demands an analytical model to enable building MTJ STO-based circuits and systems so as to evaluate and utilize MTJ STOs in various applications. In Part I of this paper, an analytical model based on the macrospin approximation has been introduced and verified by comparing it with the measurements of three different MTJ STOs. In Part II, the full Verilog-A implementation of the proposed model is presented. To achieve a reliable model, an approach to reproducing the phase noise generated by the MTJ STO has been proposed and successfully employed. The implemented model yields a time domain signal, which retains the characteristics of operating frequency, linewidth, oscillation amplitude, and DC operating point, with respect to the magnetic field and applied DC current. The Verilog-A implementation is verified against the analytical model, providing equivalent device characteristics for the full range of biasing conditions. Furthermore, a system that includes an MTJ STO and CMOS RF circuits is simulated to validate the proposed model for system- and circuit-level designs. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model opens the possibility to explore STO technology in a wide range of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Arabidopsis ATP-Dependent, DEAD-Box RNA Helicase Loses Activity upon IsoAsp Formation but Is Restored by PROTEIN ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE.
- Author
-
Nayak, Nihar R., Putnam, Andrea A., Addepalli, Balasubrahmanyam, Lowenson, Jonathan D., Chen, Tingsu, Jankowsky, Eckhard, Perry, Sharyn E., Dinkins, Randy D., Limbach, Patrick A., Clarke, Steven G., and Downie, A. Bruce
- Subjects
RNA helicase ,DNA helicases ,PLANT RNA ,GENETIC translation ,SEED development ,METHYLTRANSFERASES ,ARABIDOPSIS - Abstract
Orthodox seeds are capable of withstanding severe dehydration. However, in the dehydrated state, Asn and Asp residues in proteins can convert to succinimide residues that can further react to predominantly form isomerized isoAsp residues upon rehydration (imbibition). IsoAsp residues can impair protein function and can render seeds nonviable, but PROTEIN ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE (PIMT) can initiate isoAsp conversion to Asp residues. The proteins necessary for translation upon imbibition in orthodox seeds may be particularly important to maintain in an active state. One such protein is the large, multidomain protein, Arabidopsis thaliana PLANT RNA HELICASE75 (PRH75), a DEAD-box helicase known to be susceptible to isoAsp residue accumulation. However, the consequences of such isomerization on PRH75 catalysis and for the plant are unknown. Here, it is demonstrated that PRH75 is necessary for successful seed development. It acquires isoAsp rapidly during heat stress, which eliminates RNA unwinding (but not rewinding) competence. The repair by PIMT is able to restore PRH75's complex biochemical activity provided isoAsp formation has not led to subsequent, destabilizing conformational alterations. For PRH75, an important enzymatic activity associated with translation would be eliminated unless rapidly repaired by PIMT prior to additional, deleterious conformational changes that would compromise seed vitality and germination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Development and characterization of an oat TILLING-population and identification of mutations in lignin and β-glucan biosynthesis genes
- Author
-
Mikael Larsson, Olof Olsson, Montedar All Nakash, Tingsu Chen, Aakash Chawade, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Per Sikora, Marcus Bräutigam, Chawade, Akash, Sikora, Per, Bräutigam, Marcus, Larsson, Mikael, Vivekanand, Vivekanand, Nakash, Montedar All, Chen, Tingsu, and Olsson, Olof
- Subjects
TILLING ,beta-Glucans ,Avena ,Mutant ,Plant Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,Lignin ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromosome Segregation ,lcsh:Botany ,Cloning, Molecular ,Mutation frequency ,Genetics ,Mutation ,education.field_of_study ,avena sativa ,food and beverages ,Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Phenotype ,Ethyl Methanesulfonate ,Research Article ,food.ingredient ,Ethyl methanesulfonate ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Population ,lignin ,Phloroglucinol ,Biology ,Genes, Plant ,food ,medicine ,Genetic Testing ,oat ,education ,Gene ,Base Sequence ,Reproducibility of Results ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,ß-glucan ,Genetics, Population ,chemistry ,Mutagenesis ,Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ,TILLING-population ,biosynthesis ,mutation - Abstract
Background Oat, Avena sativa is the sixth most important cereal in the world. Presently oat is mostly used as feed for animals. However, oat also has special properties that make it beneficial for human consumption and has seen a growing importance as a food crop in recent decades. Increased demand for novel oat products has also put pressure on oat breeders to produce new oat varieties with specific properties such as increased or improved β-glucan-, antioxidant- and omega-3 fatty acid levels, as well as modified starch and protein content. To facilitate this development we have produced a TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) population of the spring oat cultivar SW Belinda. Results Here a population of 2600 mutagenised M2 lines, producing 2550 M3 seed lots were obtained. The M2 population was initially evaluated by visual inspection and a number of different phenotypes were seen ranging from dwarfs to giants, early flowering to late flowering, leaf morphology and chlorosis. Phloroglucinol/HCl staining of M3 seeds, obtained from 1824 different M2 lines, revealed a number of potential lignin mutants. These were later confirmed by quantitative analysis. Genomic DNA was prepared from the M2 population and the mutation frequency was determined. The estimated mutation frequency was one mutation per 20 kb by RAPD-PCR fingerprinting, one mutation per 38 kb by MALDI-TOF analysis and one mutation per 22.4 kb by DNA sequencing. Thus, the overall mutation frequency in the population is estimated to be one mutation per 20-40 kb, depending on if the method used addressed the whole genome or specific genes. During the investigation, 6 different mutations in the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (AsPAL1) gene and 10 different mutations in the cellulose synthase-like (AsCslF6) β-glucan biosynthesis gene were identified. Conclusion The oat TILLING population produced in this work carries, on average, hundreds of mutations in every individual gene in the genome. It will therefore be an important resource in the development of oat with specific characters. The population (M5) will be available for academic research via Nordgen http://www.nordgen.org as soon as enough seeds are obtained. [Genbank accession number for the cloned AsPAL1 is GQ373155 and GQ379900 for AsCslF6]
- Published
- 2010
34. An Inhibitor-Monitorable Single-Tube Duplex Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of ' Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'.
- Author
-
Huang W, Zhong Z, Lin Z, Zhang J, Liu J, Chen T, Li T, Zhang S, and Ge S
- Subjects
- DNA Primers genetics, Sensitivity and Specificity, Mutation, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Liberibacter genetics, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Plant Diseases microbiology, Citrus microbiology, Rhizobiaceae genetics, Rhizobiaceae isolation & purification
- Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a citrus infectious disease caused by ' Candidatus Liberibacter' spp. Recently, it has begun to spread rapidly worldwide, causing significant losses to the citrus industry. Early diagnosis of HLB relies on quantitative real-time PCR assays. However, the PCR inhibitors found in the nucleic acid extracted from plant materials pose challenges for PCR assays because they may result in false-negative results. Internal standard (IS) can be introduced to establish a single-tube duplex PCR for monitoring the influence of the PCR inhibitor, but it also brings the risk of false-negative results because the amplification of IS may compete with the target. To solve this problem, we proposed a mutation-enhanced single-tube duplex PCR (mSTD-PCR) containing IS with mutant-type primers. By introducing the 3'-terminal mutation in the primer of IS to weaken its amplification reaction and its inhibition of ' Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas) detection, the sensitivity and quantitative accuracy of CLas detection will not be affected by IS. In evaluating the sensitivity of CLas detection using simulation samples, the mSTD-PCR showed consistent sensitivity at 25 copies per test compared with the single-plex CLas assay. The detection result of 30 leaves and 30 root samples showed that the mSTD-PCR could recognize false-negative results caused by the PCR inhibitors and reduce workload by 48% compared with the single-plex CLas assay. Generally, the proposed mSTD-PCR provides a reliable, efficient, inhibitor-monitorable, quantitative screening method for accurately controlling HLB and a universal method for establishing a PCR assay for various pathogens., Competing Interests: The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. [Effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community of Mangifera indica ].
- Author
-
Jiang S, Li H, Peng H, Mei X, Chen T, Xu Y, Dong C, and Shen Q
- Subjects
- Fertilizers, Plant Roots microbiology, Soil Microbiology, Soil, Mycorrhizae, Mangifera, Mycobiome
- Abstract
Nutrient enrichment caused by fertilization would reduce the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). To explore whether partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer would alleviate the negative effects of nutrient enrichment on AMF, we conducted a two-year mango ( Mangifera indica ) field experiment to examine the effects of different fertilization regimes on AMF communities in roots and rhizospheric soils by using high-throughput sequencing. The treatments included chemical-only fertilization (control), and two kinds of organic fertilizer (commercial organic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer) with replacing 12% (low) and 38% (high) chemical fertilizer. The results showed that under equivalent nutrient input, partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer had positive effects on the yield and quality of mango. The application of organic fertilizer could effectively increase AMF richness. AMF diversity was significantly positively correlated with some indices of fruit quality. Compared with chemical-only fertilization, high replacement ratio of organic fertilizer could significantly change root AMF community, but did not affect AMF community in the rhizospheric soil. Bio-organic fertilizer could enrich more AMF species and form a more complex AMF co-occurrence network than commercial organic fertilizer. In all, replacing chemical fertilizer with a high proportion of organic fertilizer could improve the yield and quality of mango while maintain AMF richness. The changes of AMF community caused by organic fertilizer substitution pre-ferably occurred in roots rather than soils.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. First Report of Nigrospora oryzae Causing Leaf Spot on Ginger in China.
- Author
-
Liu Z, Zhou S, Qi L, Wang X, Song J, Li D, Chen T, and Wang Q
- Subjects
- China, Ascomycota pathogenicity, Zingiber officinale microbiology, Plant Diseases microbiology
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Development and characterization of an oat TILLING-population and identification of mutations in lignin and beta-glucan biosynthesis genes.
- Author
-
Chawade A, Sikora P, Bräutigam M, Larsson M, Vivekanand V, Nakash MA, Chen T, and Olsson O
- Subjects
- Avena drug effects, Base Sequence, Chromosome Segregation drug effects, Chromosome Segregation genetics, Cloning, Molecular, Ethyl Methanesulfonate toxicity, Genetic Testing, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutagenesis drug effects, Phenotype, Phloroglucinol metabolism, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, Reproducibility of Results, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Avena genetics, Genes, Plant genetics, Genetics, Population, Lignin biosynthesis, Mutagenesis genetics, Mutation genetics, beta-Glucans metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Oat, Avena sativa is the sixth most important cereal in the world. Presently oat is mostly used as feed for animals. However, oat also has special properties that make it beneficial for human consumption and has seen a growing importance as a food crop in recent decades. Increased demand for novel oat products has also put pressure on oat breeders to produce new oat varieties with specific properties such as increased or improved beta-glucan-, antioxidant- and omega-3 fatty acid levels, as well as modified starch and protein content. To facilitate this development we have produced a TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) population of the spring oat cultivar SW Belinda., Results: Here a population of 2600 mutagenised M2 lines, producing 2550 M3 seed lots were obtained. The M2 population was initially evaluated by visual inspection and a number of different phenotypes were seen ranging from dwarfs to giants, early flowering to late flowering, leaf morphology and chlorosis. Phloroglucinol/HCl staining of M3 seeds, obtained from 1824 different M2 lines, revealed a number of potential lignin mutants. These were later confirmed by quantitative analysis. Genomic DNA was prepared from the M2 population and the mutation frequency was determined. The estimated mutation frequency was one mutation per 20 kb by RAPD-PCR fingerprinting, one mutation per 38 kb by MALDI-TOF analysis and one mutation per 22.4 kb by DNA sequencing. Thus, the overall mutation frequency in the population is estimated to be one mutation per 20-40 kb, depending on if the method used addressed the whole genome or specific genes. During the investigation, 6 different mutations in the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (AsPAL1) gene and 10 different mutations in the cellulose synthase-like (AsCslF6) beta-glucan biosynthesis gene were identified., Conclusion: The oat TILLING population produced in this work carries, on average, hundreds of mutations in every individual gene in the genome. It will therefore be an important resource in the development of oat with specific characters. The population (M5) will be available for academic research via Nordgen http://www.nordgen.org as soon as enough seeds are obtained.[Genbank accession number for the cloned AsPAL1 is GQ373155 and GQ379900 for AsCslF6].
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.