Search

Soil acidification represents a severe threat to tobacco cultivation regions in South China, exacerbating bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. The comprehension of the underlying mechanisms that facilitate the restoration of rhizosphere microbial communities in “healthy soils” is imperative for ecologically managing tobacco bacterial wilt. This study focuses on acidified tobacco soils that have been subjected to continuous cultivation for 20 years. The experimental treatments included lime (L), biochar (B), and a combination of lime and biochar (L+B), in addition to a control group (CK). Utilizing rhizosphere biology and niche theory, we assessed disease suppression effects, changes in soil properties, and the co-evolution of the rhizosphere bacterial community. Each treatment significantly reduced tobacco bacterial wilt by 16.67% to 20.14% compared to the control group (CK) (p < 0.05) and increased yield by 7.86% to 27.46% (p < 0.05). The biochar treatment (B) proved to be the most effective, followed by the lime-biochar combination (L+B). The key factors controlling wilt were identified through random forest regression analysis as an increase in soil pH and exchangeable bases, along with a decrease in exchangeable acidity. However, lime treatment alone led to an increase in soil bulk density and a decrease in available nutrients, whereas both biochar and lime-biochar treatments significantly improved these parameters (p

The breeding of flax and industrial hemp in China began in the 1950s. After the end of the 20th century, the development of related breeding technologies has been accelerating. The current main breeding techniques include cross breeding, mutagenesis, distant hybridization, utilization of male sterile flax, haploid breeding, hybrid breeding, tissue culture, transgene, gene editing, molecular marker assisted selection, and other technologies. Despite many new breeding techniques, cross breeding still are the main breeding method for flax and industrial hemp now. This paper introduced the production status, breeding history, germplasm collection, standard formulation, breeding methods, and new varieties of flax and industrial hemp. Analyzed some problems in flax and industrial hemp breeding, and put forward some suggestions.

Acute lung injury is a common complication of sepsis and characterized by a high mortality rate during hospitalization. Proanthocyanidin, which are abundant compounds found in various plants, have shown promising effects in preventing chronic diseases, and their oligomers have attracted attention for their high bioavailability and strong antioxidant activity. In recent years, there have been suggestions that oligomeric proanthocyanidin may possess lung-protective properties, however, the specific mechanisms involved have not been fully elucidated. This study reveals that the therapeutic efficacy of oligomeric proanthocyanidin in mitigating lung injury during sepsis, achieved through the reduction of neutrophil extracellular traps accumulation and the attenuation of inflammation, can be attributed to the capacity to safeguard the integrity of the intestinal mucus layer and the intestinal barrier. This protective action results in a decrease in endotoxin entry into the bloodstream and bacterial translocation, both of which can trigger neutrophil extracellular traps causing further lung injury.

Ethylene-propylene diene rubber (EPDM)/cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber (BR)/ethylene- butene diene rubber (EBDM) composites for high-speed railway vibration damping pads were prepared, and the effects of EPDM raw rubber types and their proportions, plasticizer types and curing systems on the properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that EPDM raw rubber 2502 could improve the cold resistance of the composites. A small amount of BR compound with EPDM could improve the cold resistance of the material, and the amount of BR should not exceed 10 phr. When EBDM was used together with EPDM and BR, the composite had excellent cold resistance, and the amount of EBDM should be 40-60 phr. When the mass ratio of EPDM, BR and EBDM was 50/10/40, dioctyl adipate was used as plasticizer, the glass transition temperature of EPDM/BR/EBDM compo-site was -68.9 ℃, the loss factor at room temperature was 0.10, the high and low temperature compression deformation were 14% and 17%, and the tensile strength was 16.2 MPa.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women negatively impacts women's and infants' health. Yet inconsistent results have been found regarding whether pregnancy increases or decreases the risk of IPV. To answer this question, we systematically searched for studies that provided data on IPV against women before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and after childbirth. Nineteen studies met our selection criteria. We meta-analyzed the nineteen studies for the pooled prevalence of IPV across the three periods and examined study characteristics that moderate the prevalence. Results showed the pooled prevalence estimates of IPV were 21.2% before pregnancy, 12.8% during pregnancy and 14.7% after childbirth. Although these findings suggest a reduction in IPV during pregnancy, our closer evaluation of the prevalence of IPV after childbirth revealed that the reduction does not appear to persist. The prevalence of IPV increased from 12.8% within the first year after childbirth to 24.0% beyond the first year. Taken together, we should not assume pregnancy protects women from IPV, as IPV tends to persist across a longer-term period. Future studies are needed to investigate if IPV transits into other less obvious types of violence during pregnancy. Moderator analyses showed the prevalence estimates significantly varied across countries by income levels and regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]