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35. On the influence of microstructure evolution and wear mechanism of direct laser deposited Ti-Al-Si coatings with different Si contents.

Author

Chen, Xueting, Li, Yu, Wei, Wei, Yin, Guili, Yang, Lin, and Su, Hai

Subjects
LASER deposition, MECHANICAL wear, WEAR resistance, SURFACE cracks, SHEARING force
Abstract

In response to the problem of low hardness and poor wear resistance of TC4 coatings prepared by laser additive manufacturing, three titanium alloy coatings with different Si contents were prepared on a TC4 substrate by direct laser deposition (DLD) technology. The evolution of the microstructure and wear mechanism of the coatings were studied. The addition of the Si element facilitated the formation of Ti5Si3 hard phase, which exhibited a uniform mesh form. The strengthening effect of the hard phase in the prepared coating increased with its proportion, demonstrating a positive correlation with the incremental addition of an Si element. However, the excessive addition of the Si element resulted in the surface cracking of the coating. The optimal DLD Ti-Al-Si coating was obtained when the Si content was 10 wt. %, with an average microhardness of 801 ± 24 HV0.2, 2.5 times greater than that of the TC4 substrate. The average friction coefficient of the Ti-Al-Si coating was 0.39, and the wear rate was 1.9%. The hard phase was uniformly distributed in a mesh form, which not only refined the wear debris and suppressed the shear force of the wear debris during wear but also slowed down the continuous wear of debris on the worn surface. The results of this study could provide a reference for preparing high-hardness and wear-resistant titanium alloy coatings by DLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. A multifunctional targeted nano-delivery system with radiosensitization and immune activation in glioblastoma.

Author

Wen, Xin, Shao, Zhiying, Chen, Xueting, Liu, Hongmei, Qiu, Hui, Ding, Xin, Qu, Debao, Wang, Hui, Wang, Andrew Z., and Zhang, Longzhen

Subjects
DOUBLE-strand DNA breaks, NANOPARTICLES, ANTIGEN presentation, BRAIN damage, SMALL molecules
Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain malignancy in adults, is notoriously difficult to treat due to several factors: tendency to be radiation resistant, the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB) which limits drug delivery and immune-privileged status which hampers effective immune responses. Traditionally, high-dose irradiation (8 Gy) is known to effectively enhance anti-tumor immune responses, but its application is limited by the risk of severe brain damage. Currently, conventional dose segmentation (2 Gy) is the standard radiotherapy method, which does not fully exploit the potential of high-dose irradiation for immune activation. The hypothesis of our study posits that instead of directly applying high doses of radiation, which is risky, a strategy could be developed to harness the immune-stimulating benefits of high-dose irradiation indirectly. This involves using nanoparticles to enhance antigen presentation and immune responses in a safer manner. Angiopep-2 (A2) was proved a satisfactory BBB and brain targeting and Dbait is a small molecule that hijack DNA double strand break damage (DSB) repair proteins to make cancer cells more sensitive to radiation. In view of that, the following two nanoparticles were designed to combine immunity of GBM, radiation resistance and BBB innovatively. One is cationic liposome nanoparticle interacting with Dbait (A2-CL/Dbait NPs) for radiosensitization effect; the other is PLGA-PEG-Mal nanoparticle conjugated with OX40 antibody (A2-PLGA-PEG-Mal/anti-OX40 NPs) for tumor-derived protein antigens capture and optimistic immunoregulatory effect of anti-OX40 (which is known to enhance the activation and proliferation T cells). Both types of nanoparticles showed favorable targeting and low toxicity in experimental models. Specifically, the combination of A2-CL/Dbait NPs and A2-PLGA-PEG-Mal/anti-OX40 NPs led to a significant extension in the survival time and a significant tumor shrinkage of mice with GBM. The study demonstrates that combining these innovative nanoparticles with conventional radiotherapy can effectively address key challenges in GBM treatment. It represents a significant step toward more effective and safer therapeutic options for GBM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Transvaginal excision of rectal stromal tumors: case reports and a literature review

Author

Wang Shizhuo, Liuyuan, Ni Sha, Chen Xueting, Wang He, Luan Nannan, and Ma Xiaoxin

Subjects
Rectal GIST, Transvaginal excision, Lower region, Surgery, RD1-811, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Rectal locations are very rare, and minimally invasive surgery is a good choice for the treatment of rectal GISTs. Case presentation Two women each had a mass located on the lower vaginal-rectal space as determined by transvaginal ultrasound (TV-US), pelvis MR imaging, and colonoscopy. The patients successfully underwent transvaginal excision. The spindle-shaped cells were found in pathological test. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that CD117 and Dog-1 were stained positively. These results confirmed the masses as GISTs. The postoperative period was uneventful without anal dysfunction. Two patients were received adjuvant treatment with imatinib after surgery. Conclusion Transvaginal excision could be a minimally invasive and safe alternative treatment in the management of rectal GISTs in lower locations.

Published
2019
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