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AbstractSupply chain members can intelligently learn their decisions based on historical data by using Machine-Learning (ML) algorithms. To coordinate the supply chain, the data-driven contract design problems for three contracts—buyback, quantity flexibility, and combined quantity flexibility and rebate—were investigated for a supply chain with one manufacturer and multiple retailers under algorithm sharing and algorithm competition. The problems were formulated as bi-level optimization models by introducing nonlinear mapping from historical demand data to ordering decisions and using ML algorithms to learn the mapping parameters. The bi-level optimization models were transformed into semi-infinite programming models and solved using the (nested) cutting plane methods. Empirical studies using data from two databases showed that algorithm sharing or algorithm competition, the type of contract used, and learning algorithms were the three factors influencing the performance of supply chain coordination when using a data-driven contract design. Algorithm sharing was found to be more beneficial to the supply chain members than algorithm competition in promoting supply chain coordination. An effective incentive mechanism, such as an individualized buyback ratio and a rebate from the manufacturer to the retailers with a good forecast performance, can encourage the retailers to participate in algorithm sharing and improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) can be used to conveniently apply prestress strengthening via a heating and cooling procedure. Material-level tests demonstrated that prestress of Fe-SMAs is sensitive to mechanical and thermal loading. Durability of steel structures strengthened by Fe-SMAs when subjected to harsh service conditions, such as coupled thermomechanical cycles is not fully understood. In this study, high-cycle fatigue tests were conducted on damaged steel plates retrofitted with Fe-SMA strips. Four temperature scenarios were adopted: room temperature (RT), a low temperature (LT) of −20°C , a high temperature (HT) of 60°C, and a cyclic temperature (CT) from −20°C to 60°C. Results showed that regardless of temperature variation, the Fe-SMA presented reliable repairing effects on steel plates, of which, the fatigue life was 2.1–3.5 times larger than that of the unstrengthened samples. The difference in coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) between the Fe-SMA and steel, as well as loss of prestress of the Fe-SMA due to fatigue and thermal loading, both affected the fatigue performance of the retrofitted specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study develops machine learning methods for the data-driven demand estimation and assortment planning problem by addressing three subproblems, that is, demand forecasting simultaneously considering cross-selling and substitutions, estimation of the cross-selling and substitution effects, and assortment optimization. These three subproblems are transformed into three sequentially related machine learning problems: collective demand forecasting, demand inference for cross-selling and substitutions, and assortment rule mining. For collective demand forecasting, related product features are introduced to consider both the cross-selling and substitution effects, and a collaborative coordinate descent method with a good convergence property is developed to make distributed demand forecasting and a global update of related product features. Using the results, demand inference adopts transfer and semisupervised learning methods to tackle the challenge of missing data in quantifying the cross-selling and substitution effects. For assortment rule mining, the assortment rules bridge the gap between prediction and optimization, and the developed heuristics obtain the best assortment using the prior knowledge discovered in demand inference. The computational results on a real-world database and a semisynthetic database show that collective demand forecasting obtained far better results than the standard demand forecasting methods and some popular graph learning methods, and the developed heuristics identified much better assortments than those obtained with the baseline methods. History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning. Funding: This work was supported by the construction base project of discipline innovation and talent introduction plan of Chinese higher educational institutions (111 project) [Grant B16009] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72031002]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1251. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to examine whether the efficacy of the risk of poor prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease is jointly affected by total cholesterol and baseline serum albumin in a secondary analysis of previous study. We analyzed the data of 204 patients from October 2014 to October 2017 for newly diagnosed stable CAD. The outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE; defined as all cause mortality, non fatal myocardial infarction, and non fatal stroke). The median duration of follow-up was 783 days. Multivariable COX model was performed to revalidate the relationship between the sALB and MACE and interaction tests were conducted to find the effects of total cholesterol on their association. A total of 28 MACE occurred among the 204 participants. The risk of MACE varied by baseline serum albumin and total cholesterol. Specifically, lower serum albumin indicated higher risk of MACE (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.30–9.54), and a test for interaction between baseline serum albumin and total cholesterol on MACE was significant (P = 0.0005). We suggested that baseline serum albumin and total cholesterol could interactively affect the risk of poor prognosis of patients with coronary artery diseases. Our findings need to be confirmed by further randomized trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the correlations between two qubits in the Grover search algorithm with arbitrary initial states by numerical simulation. Using a set of suitable bases, we construct the reduced density matrix and give the numerical expression of correlations relating to the iterations. For different initial states, we obtain the concurrence and quantum discord compared with the success probability in the algorithm. The results show that the initial states affect the correlations and the limit point of the correlations in the searching process. However, the initial states do not influence the whole cyclical trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates damage and healing of cementitious materials based on fly ash (FA) with a special focus on the effect of repeated loading on the self-healing performance. In total, 90 prism specimens and 33 cylinder specimens were prepared and tested. Variables including the FA replacement ratio and preloading level were considered. Different methods were adopted to evaluate the self-healing performance, i.e., mechanical tests, acoustic emission (AE) analysis, water absorption measurement, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. Test results revealed that an appropriate amount of cement replaced by FA was beneficial to the self-healing performance of the specimens subjected to a high level of repeated preloading, where the strength increased by 11% and the water absorption rate decreased by 12%, in comparison with that of the undamaged specimens. This was attributed to the active hydration of FA, which was confirmed by an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. This study extends understanding of the self-healing performance when subjected to repeated loading and provides some useful suggestions for the self-healing technique based on mineral additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tertiary amine and ketone components of 1‐carbonyl‐substituted anilines undergo [1,2] and [2,3] Stevens rearrangement reactions, triggered by a C4F9 radical, formed from electron donor–acceptor complexes. This approach enables the formation of a quaternary ammonium salt and thus a Stevens rearrangement to afford indolin‐3‐ones under mild conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A synthetic approach of isoindolinones through intramolecular amidation of ortho‐vinyl benzamides was reported. A variety of N‐aryl isoindolinone derivatives were prepared in moderate to excellent yields using perfluorobutyl iodide as oxidant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A transition metal‐free approach for the generation of radical intermediates via EDA complexes had been developed. This approach enables a cross‐dehydrogenative C−O coupling of oximes with acetonitrile, ketones and esters with high yields and regioselectivities. Perfluorobutyl iodide was used as the unique electron acceptor to trigger a new radical formation. The radical pathway was confirmed by UV‐Vis spectroscopy, radical inhibiting, trapping and kinetics experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper investigates mechanical properties and recovery stress behavior of an iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) with a special focus on the effect of fatigue and thermal loading. Change in recovery stress of activated Fe-SMAs subjected to fatigue at RT, −20 °C, 60 °C, and −20 to 60 °C was monitored. A second activation after fatigue was performed to investigate the retrievability of the lost recovery stress owing to fatigue. Coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of the samples with different activation histories were also calculated. Results showed that the maximum reduction in recovery stress after two million cyclic loads of Δ ɛ = 0. 070 % was approximately 20% under RT and −20 °C. A high temperature (60 °C) weakened such detrimental effect owing to higher critical stresses for martensitic transformation at higher temperatures, leading to only 10% reduction in recovery stress. Loss in the recovery stress due to fatigue was pronouncedly retrieved by a reactivation regardless of the temperature scenarios. This study extends understanding of recovery stress behavior of Fe-SMAs subjected to fatigue and thermal loading, and explores the retrievability of relaxed recovery stress by a second activation. • Effects of fatigue and thermal loading on the recovery stress of Fe-SMA were studied. • Temperature variation in long-term service of steel infrastructure was considered. • Loss in recovery stress due to fatigue was pronouncedly retrieved by a reactivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanograined Ni-Co alloys with controlled composition were prepared by co-precipitate assisted hydrogen reducing method, and their crystal structure, morphology and magnetic properties were obtained. Effect of the Co content on magnetic properties of the Ni-Co alloy was discussed. Results show that the saturation magnetization increases with higher Co content, which reaches to 214.70emu/g when the Co content is 90%. The coercivity increases with increasing in the Co content to 70%, and then it decreases as the Co content further increases. The research reveals that the saturation magnetization is affected by the atomic magnetism moment and the magnitude of coercivity is affected by both the Co content and the grain size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An intramolecular hydroamidation of ortho-vinyl benzamides had been developed. The reaction was promoted efficiently by potassium tert-butoxide and N,N-dimethylformamide without the need for strong oxidants or transition-metal catalysts. A series of dihydroisoquinolinones and 3-benzylisoindolinones were prepared in good to excellent yields. The new method is operationally simple, scalable, and tolerant of various functional groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multi-party semi-quantum key agreement (SQKA) protocol based on delegating quantum computation (DQC) model is proposed by taking Bell states as quantum resources. In the proposed protocol, the participants only need the ability of accessing quantum channel and preparing single photons {|0〉, |1〉, |+〉, |−〉}, while the complicated quantum operations, such as the unitary operations and Bell measurement, will be delegated to the remote quantum center. Compared with previous quantum key agreement protocols, this client-server model is more feasible in the early days of the emergence of quantum computers. In order to prevent the attacks from outside eavesdroppers, inner participants and quantum center, two single photon sequences are randomly inserted into Bell states: the first sequence is used to perform the quantum channel detection, while the second is applied to disorder the positions of message qubits, which guarantees the security of the protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In most applications of quantum dots (QDs) for surface-assisted laser desorption/ ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS), one side of QDs is supported by a solid substrate (stainless - steel plate), whereas the other side is in contact with the target analytes. Therefore, the surface capping agent of QDs is a key parameter for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). Cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) modified with different capping agents are synthesized, characterized, and applied for surface tuning laser desorption/ ionization mass spectrometry ( STLDI-MS). Data shows that CdTe quantum dot modified cysteine (cys@CdTe QDs) has an absorption that matches with the wavelength of the N laser (337 nm). The synergistic effect of large surface area and absorption of the laser irradiation of cys@CdTe QDs enhances the LDI-MS process for small - molecule analysis, including α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin, gramicidin D, perylene, pyrene, and triphenylphosphine. Cys@CdTe QDs are also applied using Al foils as substrates. Aluminum foil combined with cys@CdTe QDs enhances the ionization efficiency and is cheap compared to traditional matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) with a stainless - steel plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this review, we firstly overview the photocatalytic fundamentals, crystal structures, coordination environments and characteristics of metal halide perovskite (MHP) photocatalysts. Then, the novel strategies for MHP photocatalyst design, such as morphology regulation, heterojunction construction, surface/interface modification and material encapsulation are summarized. Additionally, advanced progresses for MHPs in hydrogen evolution, carbon dioxide reduction, organics degradation and nitric oxide removal are introduced. In the end, the current challenges and outlooks of MHP photocatalysts in environment and energy are presented. [Display omitted] • Fundamentals, crystal structures, coordination environments and characteristics of metal halide perovskite photocatalysts for photocatalysis are introduced. • Universal strategies for boosting the photocatalytic activity and stability of metal halide perovskites are summarized. • Advanced progresses for metal halide perovskites in photocatalytic H 2 evolution, CO 2 reduction, organics degradation and NO removal are presented. • Challenges and prospects of metal halide perovskite photocatalysts in environment and energy are discussed. Photocatalytic technologies have been widely considered as ideal ways to deal with the energy shortage and environmental crisis. Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are recognized as a new generation of photocatalysts on account of their tunable band gap, low binding energy, wide visible-light absorption range, high photoluminescence quantum yield and fast carrier transfer. However, the development of efficient MHP photocatalysts has also encountered challenges. MHPs with ionic crystal structures are difficult to stabilize under water, oxygen atmosphere and high temperatures, as well as the serious recombination of photogenerated electrons-holes and weak oxidation activity during photocatalysis. Herein, we overview recent advances and developments for MHPs in photocatalysis, including H 2 evolution, CO 2 reduction, organic pollutant degradation and NO removal. In the beginning, the photocatalytic fundamentals, crystal structures, coordination environments and characteristics of MHP photocatalysts have been discussed. In order to overcome the severe charge recombination, poor stability and lack of active sites of MHPs, various design strategies for efficient MHP photocatalysts are presented, such as morphology regulation, heterojunction construction, surface/interface modification and material encapsulation. In the end, the current challenges and outlooks of MHP photocatalysts are provided to highlight the glorious future and significant position of MHP materials for photocatalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale Investigation of nanoparticles for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is routinely reported. However, the effect of surface capping of nanomaterials for LDI-MS is not well studied. Methods Different capping agents of quantum dots (CdTe) affect the spectra quality and sensitivity of protein analysis and protein digestion using trypsin enzyme assisted by microwave. Surface modification of CdTe quantum dots with different capping agents, namely 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA), 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP), 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA), cysteine (Cys) and thioglycolic acid (TG), were investigated for quantum dots (QDs)-assisted trypsin protease followed by analysis using mass spectrometry. Results CdTe QDs were used as a surface to assist trypsin protease and laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, SALDI-MS). The MS profiles for the investigated analytes (bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme, cytochrome c, α-casein, transferrin and myoglobin) revealed almost the absence of degradation that implies the softness of the present technique. QDs-assisted LDI-MS offered high sensitivity and high resolution. QDs showed significant enhancement of microwave-assisted trypsin digestion of the investigated proteins and these improvements boosted the identifications of fragments with a database. Conclusions A capping agent of quantum dots affects the analysis of proteins and peptides using LDI-MS. CdTe QDs offer sensitive, high-resolution and simple analysis of proteins. QDs improved the protein digestion using the microwave-assisted trypsin digestion. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method for the intramolecular addition of triarylmethanes to alkynes has been developed. The reaction was efficiently promoted by KO tBu/DMF without any transition-metal catalyst. A variety of indene derivatives were prepared in moderate to good yields. A cascade cyclization of 2-alkyl-substituted substrates at elevated reaction temperature gave bicyclic indene derivatives. The reaction is proposed to proceed through the generation of a triphenylmethyl radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of crystalline homochiral MOF materials is very important for their potential application in enantioselective processes and asymmetric catalysis. In this paper, four novel zinc based chiral boron imidazolate frameworks (BIFs), Zn 2 [BH(2-eim) 3 ](BA) 2 (OH) (BIF-132-BA , 2-eim ​= ​2-ethylimidazolate, BA ​= ​benzoate), Zn[HBH(2-ipim) 3 ](OHBA)(Ac) (BIF-133-OHBA , 2-ipim ​= ​2-isopropylimidazolate, OHBA ​= ​ o -hydroxybenzoate, Ac ​= ​acetate), Zn[HBH(2-ipim) 3 ](PHBA)(Ac) (BIF-133-PHBA , PHBA ​= ​ p -hydroxybenzoate), and Zn[HBH(2-ipim) 3 ](DHBA)(Ac) (BIF-133-DHBA , DHBA ​= ​2,4-dihydroxybenzoate) were prepared via solvothermal synthesis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the existence of hydrogen bonds between adjacent chains results in two different structure features of BIF-131 : a chiral ladder-like 1D chain (BIF-133-OHBA) and two supramolecular 2D layers (BIF-133-PHBA and BIF-133-DHBA). Then, the optical activities of as-synthesied crystals were preliminarily studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. In addition, because they crystallized in noncentrosymmetric space groups, the powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements were carried out and the SHG response of BIF-133-PHBA was almost comparable to potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). Four novel zinc based chiral boron imidazolate frameworks (BIFs), were prepared from the potential chiral substrate of tridentate boron imidazoate ligands. The solid-state CD spectra indicate that the as-synthesized crystals of are optically active. Furthermore, due to their noncentrosymmetric space group, samples of BIF-133-PHBA were selected for the SHG measurements, which is the first example for BIFs used in NLO materials. [Display omitted] • Four novel zinc based chiral boron imidazolate frameworks (BIFs), were prepared from the potential chiral substrate of tridentate boron imidazoate ligands. • The solid-state CD spectra indicate that the as-synthesized crystals of are optically active. • The first examples for BIFs used in NLO materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Customer lifetime value (CLV), as an important metric in customer relationship management (CRM), has attracted widespread attention over the last decade. Most CLV prediction models do not take into consideration the dynamics of the customer purchase behavior and changes of the marketing environment such as the adoption of different promotion policies. In this study, a framework for the dynamic CLV prediction using longitudinal data is presented. In the framework, both the dynamic customer purchase behavior and customized promotions are considered. An improved multiple kernel support vector regression (MK-SVR) approach is developed to predict the future CLV and select the best promotion using both the customer behavioral variables and controlled variable about multiple promotions. Computational experiments using two databases show that the MK-SVR exhibits good prediction performance and the usage of longitudinal data in the MK-SVR facilitate the dynamic prediction and promotion optimization. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aims β-Sitosterol has become a popular cholesterol-lowering functional food product worldwide. β-Sitosterol can be oxidized to β-sitosterol oxidation products (SOPs) during food processing. Little is known about the impact of SOPs and β-sitosterol on the functionality of arteries. This study investigated the effects of SOPs and β-sitosterol on vasorelaxation and the possible cellular mechanisms involved. Methods and results By isometric tension measurement, SOPs but not β-sitosterol blunted relaxation induced by acetylcholine or Ca2+ ionophore A23187 in endothelium-intact aortae. SOPs-impaired vasorelaxation was completely reversed by cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor DuP-697, whereas the reversal by COX-1 inhibitor SC-560 was only partial. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed that SOPs increased the protein expression of COX-2 but not COX-1 in the endothelium. Using dihydroethidium staining and electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping techniques, SOPs were found to elevate the level of reactive oxygen species in rat aortic endothelial cells, and the effects were reversed by antioxidants tempol, tiron, or diphenylene iodonium. Consistently, these antioxidants reversed SOPs-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation. Up-regulation of COX-2 expression by SOPs was also reversed by tempol. Moreover, SOPs attenuated nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation in endothelium-intact, but not endothelium-denuded rings, confirming that SOPs act on the endothelium. Interestingly, a thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptor blocker S18886 reversed SOPs-impaired vasorelaxation, suggesting the involvement of TP receptor in mediating the downstream effect. SOPs decreased cGMP production, and the effect could be reversed by inhibiting COX-2 or TP receptor. Conclusion This study provides novel experimental evidence showing the harmful effects of SOPs on endothelial function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Trace element LA–ICPMS analyses of rutile from eclogites and veins from southwestern Tianshan, China, are carried out for testing the validity of Zr-in-rutile thermometry in low-T/UHP eclogites. Mineral inclusions in rutile and time-resolved mass spectrometer data are carefully examined to identify and reject contaminated data. The Zr contents vary between individual grains from the same sample; rutile inclusions in garnet, amphibole, and paragonite have a narrower range of Zr contents than matrix rutiles that always show the highest Zr contents, which reflects the progressive rutile growth in the eclogites. Average Zr concentrations in rutile from all six investigated eclogite samples statistically belong to one well-defined population (34±5ppm; 33±11ppm; 26±7ppm; 36±17ppm; 22±6ppm; 40±17ppm), while average Zr concentration in rutile from the three veins belong to a second well-defined population (55±7ppm; 66±6ppm; 55±5ppm). The peak temperature of eclogite can be estimated as 535–570°C at a pressure of 2.7GPa inverted from the discovery of well preserved coesite in an increasing number of rocks from southwestern Tianshan. The mineral assemblage of the veins suggests their retrograde formation in the epidote–amphibolite facies; the growth temperature of vein rutile is 530–540°C at ∼1.0GPa. A robust P–T path constructed by Zr-in-rutile thermometry in eclogites and veins indicates that the rocks underwent a rapid uplift involving an early isothermal decompression from eclogite to epidote–amphibolite facies. Zr in rutile from eclogites and veins can serve as a pressure indicator in study area that suggests the pressure has a significant effect to the Zr-in-rutile thermometry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In the customer-centered marketplace, the understanding of customer behavior is a critical success factor. The big databases in an organization usually involve multiplex data such as static, time series, symbolic sequential and textual data which are separately stored in different databases of different sections. It poses a challenge to traditional centralized customer behavior prediction. In this study, a novel approach called collaborative multiple kernel support vector machine (C-MK-SVM) is developed for distributed customer behavior prediction using multiplex data. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used for the global optimization of the distributed sub-models in C-MK-SVM. Computational experiments on a practical retail dataset are reported. Computational results show that C-MK-SVM exhibits better customer behavior prediction performance and higher computational speed than support vector machine and multiple kernel support vector machine. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Effect of high activation temperatures on recovery stress of Fe-SMA was studied. • A cost-effective activation strategy was put forward in terms of recovery stress. • Evolution of recovery stress of activated Fe-SMA subjected to fatigue was assessed. This study investigated the stress recovery behavior of an Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni-VC shape memory alloy for prestressed strengthening, focusing on high-temperature activation of the alloy. The effects of different prestrain levels (1%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%), activation temperatures (100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 455 °C), and initial preloads (50, 100 and 150 MPa) on recovery stress were evaluated to propose an optimum activation strategy. In addition, mechanical properties of the Fe-SMA after activation, including the performance under a second high-temperature activation (up to 455 °C) and high-cycle fatigue (HCF) loadings (stress-controlled with a stress range of 57 MPa), were studied. According to the results, a prestrain level of 2% was found to be the optimum level when the activation temperature was below 200 °C. However, at higher activation temperatures, an increased prestrain resulted in an increase in the recovery stress. In this study, the specimens prestrained by 4 and 8% and activated by 350 °C led to a recovery stress of 421 and 445 MPa, respectively. According to the fatigue test results, the recovery stress decreased by 12 – 15% after two million load cycles, regardless of the activation temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acteoside and other phenylethanoid glycoside are contained in many plants that are widely used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Acteoside possesses multiple biological actions. Its effect on the vascular system is, however, incompletely understood. This study was aimed to investigate the role of endothelial [Ca2+]i, nitric oxide (NO), and cyclic GMP in acteoside-induced inhibition of endothelial NO-mediated relaxation in rat aorta. Acteoside reduced endothelial NO-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine (Ach) or A23187. Acteoside inhibited Ach-stimulated increase in tissue content of cyclic GMP in endothelium-intact rings. L-NNA abolished the stimulatory effect of Ach. Treatment with acteoside significantly suppressed bradykinin-induced increase in [Ca2+]i of cultured rat aortic endothelial cells. Acute exposure to acteoside (30 μM) did not affect the expression of eNOS mRNA in endothelium-intact rings. In summary, acteoside impairs endothelial NO-mediated aortic relaxation partially through inhibition of agonist-induced endothelial Ca2+ mobilization and Ca2+-dependent NO production and subsequent suppression of cyclic GMP formation. This novel pharmacological action if occurring in small vessels in vivo, may contribute to the reported anti-inflammatory effect of acteoside against NO-mediated vascular permeability-related acute edema. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Genistein is a soy isoflavone that has attracted much attention for its chemopreventive properties. Baicalein is a flavone found in Scutellaria species, and its structure is analogous to that of genistein. We examined the two flavones’ antiestrogenicity by using a transient transfection model. Our results indicated that baicalein could suppress 17β-estradiol-induced transactivation in cells expressing estrogen receptor α, whereas no antagonistic activity was seen in genistein. Cell death assay and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that baicalein was a stronger apoptosis inducing agent than genistein. Considering all the criteria tested, baicalein could be a better chemopreventive agent than genistein. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Flavonoids are phenolic compounds isolated from plants, and several of them like genistein and quercetin, have been documented to be effective in preventing cancer. Baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria species, is widely used as a health supplement and herbal medicine in Asian countries. In this study, the chemopreventive effect of baicalein on 7,12-dimethylbenz⟦a〉anthracene (DMBA)-induced DNA damage was evaluated in an established cell culture model. In a preliminary screening, baicalein was identified to be a strong inhibitor to EROD activities induced by DMBA in MCF-7 cells. Subsequent enzyme kinetic analysis revealed that baicalein was a competitive inhibitor to EROD, and CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expressions were also determined. Baicalein could reduce the CYP1A1/1B1 mRNA expressions induced by DMBA, and the mRNA abundance of CYP1A1 appeared to be more responsive than that of CYP1B1. A XRE–luciferase gene reporter assay indicated that AhR transactivation was suppressed. Since CYP1A1/1B1 were responsible for the biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, baicalein also demonstrated its ability to reduce DMBA–DNA adduct formation in MCF-7 cells. This study suggested that the natural occurring baicalein could be an agent preventing carcinogen–DNA adduct formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Considering that CO2 reduction is mostly a multielectron reaction, it is necessary for the photocatalysts to integrate multiple catalytic sites and cooperate synergistically to achieve efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction to various products, such as C2 hydrocarbons. Herein, through crystal engineering, we designed and constructed a metal–organic framework‐derived Zr/Ti bimetallic oxide solid solution support, which was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. After anchoring Au nanoparticles, the composite photocatalyst exhibited excellent performances toward photocatalytic CO2 reduction to syngas (H2 and CO production rates of 271.6 and 260.6 μmol g−1 h−1) and even C2 hydrocarbons (C2H4 and C2H6 production rates of 6.80 and 4.05 μmol g−1 h−1). According to the control experiments and theoretical calculations, the strong interaction between bimetallic oxide solid solution support and Au nanoparticles was found to be beneficial for binding intermediates and reducing CO2 reduction, highlighting the synergy effect of the catalytic system with multiple active sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering that CO2 reduction is mostly a multielectron reaction, it is necessary for the photocatalysts to integrate multiple catalytic sites and cooperate synergistically to achieve efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction to various products, such as C2 hydrocarbons. Herein, through crystal engineering, we designed and constructed a metal–organic framework‐derived Zr/Ti bimetallic oxide solid solution support, which was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. After anchoring Au nanoparticles, the composite photocatalyst exhibited excellent performances toward photocatalytic CO2 reduction to syngas (H2 and CO production rates of 271.6 and 260.6 μmol g−1 h−1) and even C2 hydrocarbons (C2H4 and C2H6 production rates of 6.80 and 4.05 μmol g−1 h−1). According to the control experiments and theoretical calculations, the strong interaction between bimetallic oxide solid solution support and Au nanoparticles was found to be beneficial for binding intermediates and reducing CO2 reduction, highlighting the synergy effect of the catalytic system with multiple active sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we report a manganese-stabilized ternary intermetallic compound L1 0 -PtCoMn as a highly active and extremely stable nanocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In the half-cell test, the mass activity (MA) and specific activity (SA) of the optimal component L1 0 -PtCo 0.8 Mn 0.2 are approximately 8.5 and 8.1 times higher than Pt/C, respectively, showing outstanding ORR catalytic activity. In PEMFC tests, the L1 0 -PtCo 0.8 Mn 0.2 cathode exhibits an excellent MA (0.954 A / mg Pt at 0.9 V iR-free) and a superior durability (only ∼8.6% loss in MA and ∼5 mV voltage drop at 0.8 A cm−2 after 30k ADT cycles), surpassing most of reported Pt-based ORR catalysts. Theoretical calculations reveal that incorporating Mn not only optimizes the adsorption energy (ΔE O *) of the intermediate O* and thus enhance ORR activity, but also facilitates the formation of the order-structured L1 0 -PtCoMn alloy and strengthens the interatomic interaction forces, leading to its superb durability. This work provides new highlights for developing highly ORR performing nanocatalysts for PEMFCs. [Display omitted] • L1 0 -PtCoMn intermetallic compounds with sub-6 nm as efficient ORR catalysts for fuel cells. • The effects of alloy composition engineering on catalyst strain and ligand effect are revealed. • Atomic ordered core-shell structure of L1 0 -PtCo 0.8 Mn 0.2 IMCs effectively improves ORR activity and stability. • Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal the structure-activity relationship in the multi-component alloy. • The catalyst stability is related to structural stability of L1 0 -PtCoMn alloy and interatomic interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tests the hypothesis that the weight cycling-induced reduction in linoleate and alpha-linoleate is independent of calorie restriction. Evidence from epidemiological studies that weight cycling induced by repeated dieting may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease; Contribution of changes in lipid metabolism to mortality in people with excessive weight cycling.

Tests the hypothesis that during successive weight cycles caused by repeated fasting and refeeding, the depletion of linoleate and alpha-linolenate from whole body stores would exacerbated despite their adequate availability during the refeeding period. Energy metabolism; Fat accumulation.

Discusses linoleate depletion induced by weight cycling. Depletion of linoleate and alpha-linoleate without changes in body weight, total body fat and adipose tissue pads in weight-cycled rats; Effects of weight cycling to the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids; Differential response of individual fatty acids to weight cycling.

Fluid plays a key role in metamorphism and magmatism in subduction zones. Veins in high-pressure (HP) to ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks are the products of fluid–rock interactions and can thus provide important constraints on fluid processes in subduction zones. In this study, we present an integrated study of zircon in situ U–Pb dating, trace element and mineral inclusion analysis for a complex vein and its host eclogite in the southwestern Tianshan UHP terrane, aiming to decipher the episodic fluid action during slab subduction and exhumation. Both zircon in eclogite and vein have euhedral, prismatic morphology similar to those crystallized from metamorphic fluid. Zircon in eclogite shows core–rim structures with distinct bounds and mineral inclusions. Zircon in the vein shows sector zoning or weak zoning, with bright rims around most zircon grains, which suggests recrystallization of the zircon crystals after their formation and multiple evolution of the vein. Eclogite zircon rims yield a weighted mean of 311 ± 3 Ma and cores yield a range from 413 ± 4 to 2326 ± 18 Ma, respectively. Vein zircon yields four groups of age (~355 Ma, ~337 Ma, ~315 Ma, and ~283 Ma), which date four episodes of fluid flow involving zircon growth. The first two groups of age may represent prograde epidote–amphibolite facies and amphibolite/blueschist facies metamorphism stage, respectively. The third group is similar to that of eclogite zircon rims, which is thought to date the eclogitic facie metamorphism (320–305 Ma), and the fourth group dates a later retrograde metamorphism after greenschist facies. The vein-forming fluid system was supposed to be an open system indicated by trace element of vein zircon and mineral assemblage of the vein. The coexistence of rutile, zircon, and garnet in prograde vein and the heavy rare earth elements (HREE) enrichment characteristic of vein zircon suggest that the vein-forming fluid are enriched in high field strength elements (HFSE) and HREE, and such fluid could be formed under low P–T conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalytic organic reactions, harvesting solar energy to produce high value-added organic chemicals, have attracted increasing attention as a sustainable approach to address the global energy crisis and environmental issues. Reticular framework materials, including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are widely considered as promising candidates for photocatalysis owing to their high crystallinity, tailorable pore environment and extensive structural diversity. Although the design and synthesis of MOFs and COFs have been intensively developed in the last 20 years, their applications in photocatalytic organic transformations are still in the preliminary stage, making their systematic summary necessary. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding and useful guidelines for the exploration of suitable MOF and COF photocatalysts towards appropriate photocatalytic organic reactions. The commonly used reactions are categorized to facilitate the identification of suitable reaction types. From a practical viewpoint, the fundamentals of experimental design, including active species, performance evaluation and external reaction conditions, are discussed in detail for easy experimentation. Furthermore, the latest advances in photocatalytic organic reactions of MOFs and COFs, including their composites, are comprehensively summarized according to the actual active sites, together with the discussion of their structure–property relationship. We believe that this study will be helpful for researchers to design novel reticular framework photocatalysts for various organic synthetic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) belongs to the family of natural phytoalexins. Resveratrol first came to our attention in 1992, following reports of the cardioprotective effects of red wine. Thereafter, resveratrol was shown to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and angio-regulatory effects against atherosclerosis, ischaemia, and cardiomyopathy. This article critically reviews the current findings on the molecular basis of resveratrol-mediated cardiovascular benefits, summarizing the broad effects of resveratrol on longevity regulation, energy metabolism, stress resistance, exercise mimetics, circadian clock, and microbiota composition. In addition, this article also provides an update, both preclinically and clinically, on resveratrol-induced cardiovascular protection and discusses the adverse and inconsistent effects of resveratrol reported in both preclinical and clinical studies. Although resveratrol has been claimed as a master anti-aging agent against several age-associated diseases, further detailed mechanistic investigation is still required to thoroughly unravel the therapeutic value of resveratrol against cardiovascular diseases at different stages of disease development. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A convenient and efficient synthesis of sulfones from sulfinates and aryl halides was developed. The reaction occurred under UV irradiation without transition metal catalyst or photocatalyst. A radical pathway via single‐electron transfer (SET) of electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex was proposed based on UV‐vis spectroscopy, radical inhibiting and trapping experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wide range of indene derivatives is prepared without the use of any transition-metal catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unsaturated β-alkyl aldehydes such as crotonaldehyde and trans-2-hexenal as well as 2-nitrocyclopentanone and 2-nitrocycloheptanone do not react to the desired products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hypercholesterolemia and gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hawthorn fruits has shown to be cardioprotective and hypocholesterolemic. However, no studies to date have studied the biological activity of hawthorn seed oil (HSO). The present study was to investigate if HSO could favourably reduce plasma cholesterol and modulate gut microbiota in hypercholesterolemia hamsters. Methods: Golden Syrian hamsters (age, 8 weeks) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8, each) and fed one of the following five diets, namely a non-cholesterol diet, a high cholesterol diet containing 0.15% cholesterol (HCD); a HCD diet with addition of 4.75% HSO (LHSO), a HCD diet with addition of 9.5% HSO (HHSO), a HCD diet with addition of 0.50% cholestyramine as positive control diet. After 6-week dietary intervention, plasma lipids, inflammatory markers, atherosclerosis plaque, hepatic and fecal lipids were quantified. Microbiota in fresh feces were analysed by sequencing 16S rRNA genes, while RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were employed to quantify the expression of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Results: HSO at a dose of 9.5% HSO could decrease plasma cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol by 15%. Additionally, both HSO experimental groups also suppressed mRNA of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase (HMG-CoA-R). Supplementation of HSO at 4.75% could significantly increase the excretion of fecal acidic sterols, accompanied by elevation of short-chain fatty acid levels in feces. The analyses of gut microbiome indicated that HSO supplementation could selectively alter the genera abundance of gut bacteria that were correlated with cholesterol metabolism including unclassified_f__Christensenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_ group, norank_o_Gastranaerophilales, Faecalibaculum, Peptococcus, norank_f__Clostridiales_vadinBB60_group and Ruminococcus_2. Conclusions: HSO supplementation was able to decrease plasma cholesterol by favourably modulating gut microbiota composition and gut-derived metabolites associated with cholesterol regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Peony (Paeonia spp.) seed oil (PSO) contains a high amount of α-linolenic acid. The effects of PSO on hypercholesterolemia and gut microbiota remains unclear. The present study was to investigate effects of PSO supplementation on cholesterol metabolism and modulation of the gut microbiota. Methods: Male Golden Syrian hamsters (n = 40) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8, each) fed one of the following diets namely low-cholesterol diet (LCD); high cholesterol diet (HCD); HCD with PSO substituting 50% lard (LPSO), PSO substituting 100% lard (HPSO) and HCD with addition of 0.5% cholestyramine (PCD), respectively, for 6 weeks. Results: PSO supplementation dose-dependently reduced plasma total cholesterol (TC) by 9–14%, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) by 7–18% and triacylglycerols (TG) by 14–34% (p < 0.05). In addition, feeding PSO diets reduced the formation of plaque lesions by 49–61% and hepatic lipids by 9–19% compared with feeding HCD diet (p < 0.01). PSO also altered relative genus abundance of unclassified_f__Coriobacteriaceae, unclassified_f__Erysipelotrichaceae, Peptococcus, unclassified_f__Ruminococcaceae, norank_o__Mollicutes_RF9 and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group. Conclusions: It was concluded that PSO was effective in reducing plasma cholesterol and hepatic lipids and favorably modulating gut microbiota associated with cholesterol metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a recent article published in Angewandte Chemie, researchers Lei Li, Qiang Xu, and their team discuss their findings on achieving efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The researchers utilized crystal engineering and derivation techniques to create a metal-organic framework-derived Zr/Ti bimetallic oxide solid solution anchored with Au nanoparticles. This innovative approach resulted in the successful reduction of CO2 to syngas and C2 hydrocarbons under simulated solar light irradiation. The study highlights the importance of integrating multiple catalytic sites and cooperation between them for effective CO2 reduction. [Extracted from the article]

A Journal of the German Chemical Society AngewandteChemie www. angewandte. org International Edition 2024– 63/ 21 I. ntegrating multiple catalytic sites … … and cooperating synergistically are the keys to achieve efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction. In their Research Article ( e202319177), Lei Li, Qiang Xu et al. report a metal- organic framework- derived Zr/ Ti bimetallic oxide solid solution anchored with Au nanoparticles through crystal engineering and derivation, achieving photocatalytic CO2 reduction to syngas and eventually C2 hydrocarbons under simulated solar light irradiation. [Extracted from the article]

[Display omitted] • The late Yanshanian (130 Ma) Songshugang peraluminous rare metal granitic suite is highly evolved with unique limited vertical fractionation and reported as the largest Ta reservoir in South China. • Rb-rich mica with less Nb/Ta ratio and tantalum fertility occupy with the magmatic fractionation and supersaturation. • Rb deficient Li-F-zinnwaldite and W, Sn, Ti fertility wodginite preserved during the magmatic-hydrothermal transition. • Coupling of zonation mica and Nb–Ta oxides precipitation stresses their instruct on magmatic-hydrothermal redistribution. The role of magmatic and hydrothermal processes in niobium-tantalum mineralization is still controversial and has been limited by a lack of mineralogical records in the evolving magmatic–hydrothermal system. Micas as essential rock-forming minerals and comprise the amount of elements (especially rare-metal elements), become one of the ideal indicator. The Songshugang rare-metal granite (RMG) located in the southern part of Jiangxi Province, China, is renowned as the largest tantalum reservoir in South China. The albite–topaz–K-feldspar granite is the major granite, with layers of pegmatite, topaz-K-feldspar granite, and greisen overlay on it. It is the typical highly evolved peraluminous with low phosphorous RMGs (PLP-type) according to geochemistry. The Songshugang pluton preserves analogical characters in topaz-albite-K feldspar granites and topaz-K feldspar granite, and partly reserves in greisen. Detailed petrographic, mineralogy, and chemical composition study of zoned mica and accessory Nb–Ta minerals suggest that zinnwaldite and Nb-Ta oxides have experienced magmatic fractionation with gradually decrease of K/Rb and Nb/Ta ratio in prismatic zinnwaldite and columbite-(Fe). The leap of Rb (Rb 2 O up to 4.08 wt%) and Ta (Ta# up to 0.29) at the rim of zinnwaldite and columbite is likely attributed to supersaturation. Afterwards the overgrowth of Rb-deficit zinnwaldite (0.56–0.72 wt% Rb 2 O) is coeval with the Ta-highest wodginite, taking place during the magmatic-hydrothermal transition associated with a fluid-melt interaction in hydrosaline melt. The ascent of fluxing elements contributes to the formation of hydrothermal zinnwaldite and cassiterite through greisenization. The systemic coupling mineralization of zinnwaldite and Nb–Ta oxides altogether record the both the melt-driven and fluid-driven processes in highly evolved Songshugang deposit that is critical for rare-metal mineralization. The Songshugang displays a great similarity to the typical PLP RMGs Cínovec cupola in geochemistry, which are metaluminous to peraluminous, containing low phosphorous, intermediate REE, Zr, Hf, and Th content. But Songshugang has experienced strong supersaturation; the latter is more akin to highly evolved melts alike Yichun or Beauvoir. The strong supersaturation and crystallization demonstrate its discrepant mineralization mechanism in Songshugang RMGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) is widely used in gastroscopy, especially in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the diagnostic efficacy of white light imaging (WLI) and that of ME-NBI for early gastric cancer. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies which met the inclusion criteria. A random-effects model was used to calculate overall sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to assess the diagnostic efficacy of WLI and ME-NBI in early gastric cancer. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the stability of the results. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, and included 1724 patients and 2153 lesions. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer using WLI were 0.48 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.57; I = 78.6 %], 0.67 (95 % CI 0.62-0.71; I = 81.9 %), and 0.62, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC using ME-NBI were 0.83 (95 % CI 0.79-0.87; I = 79.8 %), 0.96 (95 % CI 0.95-0.97; I = 89.3 %), and 0.96, respectively. The studies showed a high degree of heterogeneity. Further sensitivity analysis was mainly performed for the studies of small lesions (mean size 10 mm or less) and the studies with a the score of 12 points or greater in the literature quality assessment, and the AUCs for ME-NBI for diagnosis of early gastric cancer were between 0.93 and 0.98, which suggested that the diagnostic value was still high and stable. Conclusion: Compared with WLI, ME-NBI can effectively diagnose early gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Delayed colonic postpolypectomy bleeding is the commonest serious complication after polypectomy. This study aimed to utilize massive sampling data of polypectomy to analyze risk factors for delayed postpolypectomy bleeding. Patients and Methods: The endoscopic data of 5600 patients with 15553 polyps removed (2005 to 2013) were analyzed retrospectively through univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis to evaluate the risk factors for delayed bleeding. Results: Delayed postpolypectomy bleeding occurred in 99 polyps (0.6%). The rates of bleeding for different polypectomy methods including hot biopsy forcep, biopsy forcep, Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC), Endoscopy piecemeal mucosal resection (EPMR), Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR), and snare polypectomy were 0.1%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 6.9%, 0.9% and 1.0%, respectively. The risk factors for delayed bleeding were the size of polyps over 10 mm (odds ratio [OR] = 4.6, 95% CI, 2.9–7.2), pathology of colonic polyps (inflammatory/hyperplastic, OR = 1; adenomatous, OR = 1.4, 95% CI, 0.7–2.6; serrated, OR = 1.5, 95% CI, 0.2–11.9; juvenile, OR = 4.3, 95% CI, 1.8–11.0; Peutz-Jegher, OR = 3.3, 95% CI, 1.0–10.7), and immediate postpolypectomy bleeding (OR = 2.9, 95% CI, 1.4–5.9). In addition, although polypectomy method was not a risk factor, compared with hot biopsy forcep, snare polypectomy, EMR, and EPMR had increased risks of delayed bleeding, with ORs of 3.2 (0.4–23.3), 2.8 (0.4–21.7) and 5.1 (0.5–47.7), respectively. Conclusion: Polyp size over 10 mm, pathology of colonic polyps (especially juvenile, Peutz-Jegher), and immediate postpolypectomy bleeding were significant risk factors for delayed postpolypectomy bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crocodile blood has long been used as a traditional medicine in many Asian countries to treat diseases such as asthma, allergies, and many others. Yet, only recently has the safety and effectiveness of using crocodile blood as a medicine been examined using modern scientific methods; with both conserved and novel active components identified from crocodile blood. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations found that crocodile blood can have a wide range of beneficial effects, including antimicrobial, antiviral, anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory, antitumour effects, anti‐anaemia, and enhancement of wound healing. A systematic research of literature published in English‐language journals up to April 2020 was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Based on the biological and chemical knowledge of crocodile immunity and crocodile blood, this article aims to: provide a critical review on the proposed properties of crocodile blood, identify the knowledge gap and offer some insights for future investigations regarding the use of crocodile blood as a medication or dietary supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Blueberry and cranberry are rich in anthocyanins. The present study was to investigate the effects of anthocyanin extracts from blueberry and cranberry on body weight and gut microbiota. Methods: C57BL/6 J Mice were divided into six groups (n = 9 each) fed one of six diets namely low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD with the addition of 1% blueberry extract (BL), 2% blueberry extract (BH), 1% cranberry extract (CL), and 2% cranberry extract (CH), respectively. Results: Feeding BL and BH diets significantly decreased body weight gain by 20–23%, total adipose tissue weight by 18–20%, and total liver lipids by 16–18% compared with feeding HFD. Feeding CH diet but not CL diet reduced the body weight by 27%, accompanied by a significant reduction of total plasma cholesterol by 25% and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by 38%. The metagenomic analysis showed that the supplementation of blueberry and cranberry anthocyanin extracts reduced plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration, accompanied by a reduction in the relative abundance of Rikenella and Rikenellaceae. Dietary supplementation of berry anthocyanin extracts promoted the growth of Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia, and Clostridium_innocuum_group in genus level, leading to a greater production of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Conclusions: It was concluded that both berry anthocyanins could manage the body weight and favorably modulate the gut microbiota at least in mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]