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Qixue Shuangbu Prescription (QSP) has been widely applied in the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). Previous clinical studies have found that the efficacy of processed QSP was significantly enhanced in the treatment of CHF. We have identified and analyzed the nonvolatile components before and after processing of QSP, and predicted the mechanism of synergistic effect after processing in the treatment of CHF. However, the synergistic mechanism of processed QSP caused by the difference of volatile components was still unclear. In this study, we developed a method of needle trap device coupled with gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to elucidate the difference of volatile components between crude and processed QSP. The established method has been used to identify 104 volatile compounds in crude and processed QSP. The results of multivariate data showed 38 differential compounds were screened as potential markers, which would further explain the mechanism of processing synergistic effect of processed QSP. This study successfully developed the method to elucidate its processing mechanism based on the difference of volatile compositions between crude and processed QSP for the first time, and it would provide a novel analytical strategy for the impacts of different processing methods on main volatile compounds in traditional Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce ethyl carbamate content in yellow wine (YW), a car 1 deletion mutant (S△carl) was constructed by SFH-PCR-mediated gene knockout and the YW fermentation process of the S△carl were analyzed. The results indicated that S△carl was successfully constructed. The stationary phase of the S△carl was at 30 h and 6 h later than that of the wild strain (24 h).The arginase activity in cultural supernatant of S△carl was not detected, while the 5.2 U activity was detected in that of the wild strain after being cultured for 18 h in YNBG. The fermentation profile of the S△carl was basically the same with that of the wild strain. The arginine (5.29 g/100 L), lysine (3.16 g/100 L) and cysteine concentrations (1.38 g/100 L) in the YW brewed with S△carl were higher than that in the YW brewed with wild strain (0.44 g/100 L,1.46 g/100 L and 0.63 g/100 L, respectively),but the ornithine concentration (0.58 g/100 L) was lower than that in the YW brewed with wild strain (1.98 g/100 L).The EC concentration in YW brewed with S△carl (5.93 μg/L) was notably lower than that in YW brewed with wild strain (40.65 μg/L).The successful construction of S△carl would provide a strain to produce YW with low concentration EC. However, the safety of the mutant should be assessed before it is used as starter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]