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In this work, a Ti45Al45Nb5Mo5 alloy was prepared by non-self-consuming vacuum arc melting furnace. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys were investigated. The alloy was heat treated in a vacuum at temperatures of 1150 °C, 1200 °C, 1250 °C and 1300 °C with a holding time of 30 min and then cooled in a furnace. The microstructure of the alloy after heat treatment showed a coarsening phenomenon. The bright linear precipitated phases in the α2/γ lamellar structure diffused along the lamellar orientation. However, the lamellae exhibited significant deterioration after heat treatment at 1300 °C. The microhardness of the alloy improved by the heat treatment and the alloy had the highest microhardness of 414.4 HV after heat treatment at 1250 °C. At the same time, the heat treatment also significantly improved the plasticity of the TiAl alloy. The alloy exhibited the highest compressive strength and elongation at break of 2220 MPa and 39.9% after heat treatment at 1250 °C. The increase in microhardness was primarily attributed to the reduction in interlamellar spacing and the increase in strength due to solid solution. All variations in matrix phases, interlamellar spacing and grain size significantly affected the compressive properties of the alloy.

Sheng Wang,1,* Demeng Xia,2,3,* Wenxue Dou,4,* Aimin Chen,1 Shuogui Xu2 1Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Hainan Health Vocational College, Haikou, 570100, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shuogui Xu, Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China, Email 18516116672@163.com Aimin Chen, Department of traumatic orthopedics, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, People’s Republic of China, Email chenaimin2023@163.comBackground: Delayed healing and non-healing of bone defects pose significant challenges in clinical practice, with metal materials increasingly recognized for their significance in addressing these issues. Among these materials, Strontium (Sr) and Zinc (Zn) have emerged as promising agents for promoting bone repair. Building upon this insight, this research evaluates the impact of a porous Sr@Zn@SiO2 nanocomposite implant on bone regeneration, aiming to advance the field of bone repair.Methods: The preparation of the Sr@Zn@SiO2 composite implant involves various techniques such as roasting, centrifugation, and washing. The material’s composition is examined, and its microstructure and element distribution are analyzed using TEM and elemental scanning technology. In vitro experiments entail the isolation and characterization of BMSCs followed by safety assessments of the implant material, evaluation of cell migration capabilities, and relevant proliferation markers. Mechanistically, this study delves into key targets associated with significant changes in the osteogenic process. In vivo experiments involve establishing a rat femur bone defect model, followed by assessment of the osteogenic potential of Sr@Zn@SiO2 using Micro-CT imaging and tissue section staining.Results: Through in vivo and in vitro investigations, we validate the osteogenic efficacy of the Sr@Zn@SiO2 composite implant. In vitro analyses demonstrate that porous Sr@Zn@SiO2 nanocomposite materials upregulate BMP-2 expression, leading to the activation of Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation and subsequent activation of downstream osteogenic genes, culminating in BMSCs osteogenic differentiation and bone proliferation. And the migration of BMSCs is closely related to the high expression of CXCL12/CXCR4, which will also provide the conditions for osteogenesis. In vivo, the osteogenic ability of Sr@Zn@SiO2 was also confirmed in rats.Conclusion: In our research, the porous Sr@Zn@SiO2 composite implant displays prominent osteogenic effect and promotes the migration and differentiation of BMSCs to promote bone defect healing. This bioactive implant has surgical application potential in the future. Keywords: bioactive porous composite, differentiation and migration, bone reconstruction, smad1/5/9

Xia Wang,1 Yu Song,2 Yicong Ji,3 Anming Chen,3 Shancheng Si3 1Department of Infection Management, Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, 264400, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, 264400, People’s Republic of China; 3Eye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shancheng Si, Eye Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102218, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618701580485, Email sishancheng@126.comPurpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and systemic risk factors of K. pneumoniae related endogenous endophthalmitis (KPREE) in China and explore the possible pathophysiological mechanisms.Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study. All enrolled KPREE patients were followed up for at least 1 month to observe their clinical characteristics, unfavorable prognosis, and risk factors, and were compared with intraocular surgery-related postoperative endophthalmitis (ISRPE).Results: Finally, a total of 15 eyes (3 both eyes) from 12 patients were enrolled in KPREE group, and 11 eyes (none both eyes) from 11 patients were enrolled in ISRPE group. Compared to the ISRPE group, the KPREE group had a higher percentage of fever (100% vs 9.09%, P = 0.000), liver abscess (91.67% vs 0%, P = 0.000), lung involvement (50.00% vs 0%, P = 0.024), and lower plasma albumin levels (24.1 [17.8, 31.7] vs 44.0 [37.7, 48.4], P = 0.001). Furthermore, Pearson’s partial correlation analysis showed that fever (adjusted r = 0.592, adjusted P = 0.026) and plasma albumin (adjusted r = − 0.658, adjusted P = 0.011) were independent factors associated with KPREE. In the KPREE group, ten eyes received 1– 3 intravitreal antibiotic injections within one month. In the ten eyes that underwent injections, due to poor treatment reaction, four eyes experienced evisceration, and two eyes underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade at 1-month follow-up. And one eye developed sympathetic ophthalmia at 8-month visit.Conclusions: Patients with K. pneumoniae infection with hypoproteinemia or fever should be highly vigilant about the occurrence of KPREE, and more attention should be paid to the contralateral risk of KPREE or sympathetic ophthalmia.Keywords: K. pneumoniae, endogenous endophthalmitis, postoperative endophthalmitis, sympathetic ophthalmia, no light perception

Objective To understand the perception of the training process of specialized nurses in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing, and to provide ideas and basis for optimizing the training mode of TCM nursing personnel. Methods Objective sampling method was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with 22 nurses who participated in the training of TCM nurses in Jiangsu Province from August to October 2023, and the interview data were integrated and analyzed by Colaizzi seven-step analysis method. Results Three themes were extracted: the relationship between emotional change and course progress, perceived differences in professional competence, and the dilemma of application and popularization of appropriate technology of TCM nursing. Conclusion Scientific and reasonable training program can improve nurses' skills of TCM nursing and relieve the pressure during training. Personalized teaching according to the needs of nurses and help them to assess their own professional ability will help to improve nurses' professional identity of TCM nursing level and promote the promotion of appropriate techniques of TCM nursing to a certain extent. (目的 了解中医护理专业化护士培训过程的感知情况, 为优化中医护理人才培养模式提供思路和依据。方法 采用目的抽样法, 对2023年8月—10月参加江苏省中医护理专业化护士培训的22名护士进行半结构式深入访谈, 运用Colaizzi七步分析法对访谈资料进行整合与分析。结果 共提炼出3个主题: 情绪转变与培训进度间的联系, 专业能力的感知差异, 中医护理适宜技术应用和推广的困境。结论 科学合理的培训方案能提高护士的中医护理技能, 缓解培训期间的压力。根据护士的需求进行个性化教学, 帮助其进行自我专业能力的评估, 有助于提升护士的中医护理水平职业认同, 在一定程度上促进中医护理适宜技术的推广。)

ObjectiveTo explore the predictive value of immune inflammation combined with liver function hematological indicators for the metastasis of colorectal cancer. MethodsA retrospective analysis of clinical data of 133 patients with colorectal cancer was conducted. The patients were divided into three groups based on disease progression after 24 months of postoperative follow-up: non-metastasis group (n=38), liver metastasis group (n=43), and non-liver distant metastasis group (n=52). The immune inflammatory markers and liver function hematological indicators of progression-free survival were analyzed. Nomogram prediction models were constructed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify risk factors for metastasis of colorectal cancer. The accuracy of the nomogram was validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve, and the clinical predictive efficacy was evaluated through decision curve and clinical impact curve. ResultsUnivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that pan-immune-inflammatory value (PIV), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and bile acid (BA) were independent predictors of colorectal cancer metastasis. The area under the ROC curve of the combined prediction of metastasis was 0.84; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and BA were independent predictors of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. The area under the ROC curve of the combined prediction of liver metastasis was 0.83; PIV and PNI were independent predictive factors for the occurrence of non-liver distant metastasis from colorectal cancer. The area under the ROC curve for the combined prediction of non-liver distant metastasis was 0.83. The calibration curve, decision curve, and clinical impact curve showed that the three models had good accuracy and net benefit value. ConclusionThe nomogram constructed based on immune inflammation and liver function hematological indicators can predict the metastasis of patients with colorectal cancer and has high predictive efficacy and clinical application prospects.

At present, the combination of edge computing and machine vision has a good application prospect for coal mine safety monitoring. But the storage space and computing resources at the edge are limited, and high-precision complex visual models are difficult to deploy on it. In order to solve the above problems, a YOLOv5s pruning method based on indirect and direct evaluation space fusion (IDESF) is proposed for the edge end of coal mine safety monitoring, aiming to achieve lightweight YOLOv5s network. Firstly, a structural analysis is conducted on the convolutional layers of each module in the YOLOv5s network to determine the free pruning layer and conditional pruning layer. It lays the foundation for subsequent allocation of pruning rates and calculation of the number of pruning kernels. Secondly, the pruning rate is assigned to the prunable layers according to the convolutional kernel weight importance score based on the convolutional kernel weight magnitude and the relative computational complexity of the layers, which effectively reduces the computational complexity of the network after pruning. Thirdly, based on the direct importance evaluation criterion of convolutional kernels, the indirect output importance of convolutional layers is introduced into the direct importance space in the form of scaling factors. The position distribution of convolutional kernels is updated to construct a fused importance evaluation space that includes the output information and amplitude information of convolutional kernels. It thereby improves the comprehensiveness of convolutional kernel importance evaluation. Finally, drawing on the idea of topk voting, the process of median filtering for screening redundant convolution kernels is optimized. The method quantifies the degree of redundancy of a convolutional kernel in terms of the incidence of nodes in the adjacency matrix of a directed graph, which improves the interpretability and generality of the redundant convolutional kernel screening process. The experimental results show the following points. ① From the perspective of balancing model precision and lightweighting, YOLOV5s_IDESF with a pruning rate of 50% is the optimal lightweight YOLOv5s. On the VOC dataset, YOLOv5s_IDESF mAP@.5 and mAP@0.5 is the highest, reaching 0.72 and 0.44 respectively. The parameter count is reduced to a minimum of 2.65×106, the computational complexity is reduced to 1.16×109, and the overall complexity is also reduced to the lowest. The image processing frame rate reaches 31.15 frames per second. ② On the coal mine dataset, YOLOv5s_IDESF mAP@.5 and mAP@0.5∶0.95 achieve the highest values of 0.94 and 0.52, respectively. The parameter count is reduced to a minimum of 3.12×106, the computational complexity is reduced to 1.24×109, and the overall complexity is also minimized. The image processing frame rate reaches 31.55 frames per second.

Standardization is one of the key steps to analyze locomotive overhaul data with a focus on reliability-centered maintenance (RCM). However, traditional manual methods encounter challenges such as small sample sizes, non-standardized data formats, analytical complexities, and high labour costs, hindering the achievement of data standardization. Large language models (LLM), featuring powerful performance in natural language processing comprehension and handling complex tasks, have made great academic and industrial progress in recent years. This study initially investigated the application performance of LLMs in information extraction from locomotive overhaul data, with the following three reveals, as the universal information extraction (UIE) LLM is suitable for information extraction in the field of locomotive overhaul; expanding the size of locomotive data helps improve the UIE performance in information extraction from locomotive overhaul data; balancing the types of fault labels does not notably help improve this performance. Subsequent explorations concentrated on difficulties in data annotation. The script writing method was utilized for automated annotation of data, and ChatGLM was leveraged to standardize locomotive overhaul data, yielding Bleu-4, Rouge-1, Rouge-2, and Rouge-L metrics of 86.87%, 89.60%, 87.54%, and 94.26%, respectively, in alignment with the requirements of engineering applications. Further developments introduced an auxiliary data standardization pre-processing tool to streamline the standardization process by encapsulating the LLM.

ObjectiveTo establish the identification method of tumor tissue origin based on commonly used STR typing kits.MethodsForenSeqTM DNA Signature Prep kit was used to detect the typing of 27 autosomal STR loci in 55 paired tumor tissue samples （tumor tissue paired with normal tissue of the same individual） and 75 unrelated individual whole blood samples. The genotyping data of full sibling pairs and parent-child pairs of 55 tumor tissues were simulated. The number of total identical alleles （An） and identity by state （IBS） scores were calculated within the paired carcinoma （PC）, the tumor-unrelated individual （UI）, the tumor-simulated full sibling （FS） and the tumor-simulated parent-offspring （PO） groups. The tumor tissue origin identification and prediction models of 8 commonly used STR typing kits were established based on the statistical results obtained above, and an attempt was made to establish a specific model for tumor tissue origin identification. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were verified and evaluated using the additional 23 paired tumor tissue samples.Results（1） In any kit, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of loci shared with 0 identical allele （A0） between the PC and PO groups. The number of loci shared with 1 identical allele （A1）, 2 identical alleles （A2）, and IBS scores were statistically significant different between the PC group and the UI, FS and PO groups. （2） The An and IBS scores of different STRs varied in different groups. The A2 levels of 13 STRs （CSF1PO, D12S391, D19S433, D20S482, D2S1338, D3S1358, D4S2408, D7S820, D8S1179, FGA, TH01, TPOX, vWA） in PC group were higher than those of other STR loci. The A2 levels of two STRs （D6S1043, Penta E） in UI group were significantly lower than those of other STR loci. （3） The tumor tissue origin identification and prediction models of 8 commonly used STR typing kits and the identification model of tumor tissue origin with 15 STR loci （15-STRs） were successfully established, with sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 97.56%-99.88%, and accuracy of 97.59%-99.89%. Among them, the 15-STRs model had 100% sensitivity, 99.88% specificity, and 99.89% accuracy, which were higher than those of commonly used commercial kits.ConclusionThis study successfully establishes the tumor tissue origin identification methods with 8 commonly used STR typing kits, which expands the application of tumor tissue origin identification. In addition, the differences of different loci in the identification of tumor tissue origin were compared, and 15 STR loci which were particularly suitable for the identification of tumor tissue origin were selected, providing the data basis for the establishment of tumor origin tracing kits in future.

[Objective] The ecological environment of the Kuye River Basin plays a critical role in the larger context of the Yellow River Basin’s health. Understanding the ecosystem services it provides is crucial for sustainable development. [Methods] Using the InVEST model, researchers conducted a quantitative assessment of ecosystem service functions from 1990 to 2020. [Results] (1) There have been some notable changes in land management policy leading to shifts in land use patterns, particularly in construction land expansion and decreased unused land. Additionally, it seems like there’s been a positive impact on vegetation cover, with grassland dominating and overall vegetation coverage showing an upward trend, albeit with fluctuations. (2) The ecological service function of the Kuye River Basin showed a trend of first declining around 2000 and then fluctuating and increasing after 2010, and the habitat quality index was basically stable between 0.22~0.24, and the overall habitat quality was poor. (3) The soil conservation and habitat quality index in the watershed was dominated by the distribution of low-low aggregation cold spots, the spatial distribution of carbon storage and water conservation cold spots and hot spots was relatively scattered, and the high and low values were spatially staggered. The soil conservation and habitat quality index were mainly low-value aggregation, and the spatial distribution of carbon storage and water conservation was fragmented. (4) In the past 30 years, carbon storage and habitat quality were mainly affected by land use, and soil conservation and water conservation were mainly affected by topography, soil type and precipitation. [Conclusion] The findings of this study highlight the intricate interplay between land use, topography, soil type, precipitation, and their impacts on carbon storage, habitat quality, soil conservation, and water conservation in the Kuye River Basin. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for devising effective strategies to enhance ecological services and allocate appropriate soil and water conservation measures.

Lengnan Xu,1 Chen Yu,1 Aiqun Chen,1 Chuanbao Li,2 Yonghui Mao1 1Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yonghui Mao; Chuanbao Li, Tel +86-10-85133880, Email maoyonghui0214@bjhmoh.cn; lichuanbao3662@bjhmoh.cnBackground: This study aims to investigate GFR decline in elderly subjects with varying physical conditions and analyze key risk factors impacting renal function changes.Methods: We obtained data from patients between 2017 and 2019, and matched healthy elderly subjects based on gender and age. Data collected for all subjects included annual measurements of fast blood glucose (GLU), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), blood albumin (ALB), blood uric acid (UA), urine protein (UP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Additionally, information on coexisting diseases was gathered. The Full Age Spectrum (FAS) equation was used to calculate eGFR.Results: A total of 162 patients with complete 3-year renal dynamic imaging were included, including 84 patients in the kidney disease group (K group) and 78 patients in the non-kidney disease group (NK group). Ninety individuals were selected as the healthy group (H group). The annual decline rate in the K group was the fastest, which exceeded 5mL/min/1.73m2 (P < 0.05). Group (K group: β=− 40.31, P< 0.001; NK group: β=− 26.96, P< 0.001), ALB (β=− 0.38, P=0.038) and HbA1c (β=1.36, P=0.029) had a significant negative impact on the eGFR changes. For participants who had negative proteinuria: K group had the most significant annual eGFR decline.Conclusion: The presence of kidney disease, along with proteinuria nor not, can lead to a marked acceleration in kidney function decline in elderly. We categorize elderly individuals with an annual eGFR decline of more than 5 mL/min/1.73m2 as the “kidney accelerated aging” population.Keywords: elderly, GFR, kidney accelerated aging, risk factors

Yang Zou, Yuting Peng, Jing Xu, Aijun Chen, Kun Huang, Ping Wang Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ping Wang, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China, Email wang_ping@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn

[Objective] Solve the problems of poor control accuracy and adaptability in the Delta robot flexible gripper grasping method. [Methods] This article took the Delta robot flexible gripper as the research object and proposed a Delta robot flexible gripper grasping method that combined multiple models and improved whale algorithm. Established a stable grasping optimization model to seek the optimal contact position on the surface of the grasping object. Established a non-destructive grasping optimization model to minimize contact force while ensuring stable grasping of objects. Combine particle swarm optimization algorithm and whale algorithm to solve the model. The superiority of the proposed grasping method had been verified through experiments. [Results] The proposed method not only had good control accuracy, but also could adapt to objects of different shapes and sizes, with high flexibility and adaptability, success rate of grasping was greater than 96%, grasping damage rate was 0. [Conclusion] The proposed method effectively improves the performance of the Delta robot flexible gripper gripping method and is suitable for sorting fruits, vegetables, and fragile items.

Kuo-Feng Hua,1,2,&ast; Hsien-Ta Hsu,3,4,&ast; May-Shu Huang,5,6 Hsiao-Wen Chiu,1 Wei-Ting Wong,1 Chien-Hsiu Peng,1 Yu-Bei Lin,1 Ann Chen,7 Chien-Chun Wang,8,9 Chung-Hua Hsu,10,11 Chun-Hsien Wu,12 Wen-Yu Lin,1,12 Chen-Lung Ho,13 Lan-Hui Li14 1Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan; 2Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 3Division of Neurosurgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan; 4School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; 5Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 7Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; 8Infectious Disease Division, Linsen, Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 9Kunming Prevention and Control Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 10Linsen, Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 11Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; 12Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 13Division of Wood Cellulose, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan; 14Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linsen, Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lan-Hui Li, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linsen, Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, 100, Kunming Street, Wanhua District, Taipei City, 108203, Taiwan, Tel +886-2-23703739 &num; 1438, Fax +886-2-23885259, Email A1525@tpech.gov.twPurpose: The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, crucial in infectious and inflammatory diseases by regulating IL-1β, presents a target for disease management. Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes gonorrhea in over 87 million people annually, with previous research revealing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in infected macrophages. No natural products have been reported to counteract this activation. Exploring honokiol, a phenolic compound from Chinese herbal medicine, we investigated its impact on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in N. gonorrhoeae-infected macrophages.Methods: Honokiol’s impact on the protein expression of pro-inflammatory mediators was analyzed using ELISA and Western blotting. The generation of intracellular H2O2 and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected through specific fluorescent probes (CM-H2DCFDA and MitoSOX, respectively) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane integrity was assessed using specific fluorescent probes (MitoTracker and DiOC2(3)) and analyzed by flow cytometry. Additionally, the effect of honokiol on the viability of N. gonorrhoeae was examined through an in vitro colony-forming units assay.Results: Honokiol effectively inhibits caspase-1, caspase-11 and GSDMD activation and reduces the extracellular release of IL-1β, NLRP3, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) in N. gonorrhoeae-infected macrophages. Detailed investigations have demonstrated that honokiol lowers the production of H2O2 and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in N. gonorrhoeae-infected macrophages. Importantly, the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 and p38 and the activation of NF-κB remain unaffected. Moreover, honokiol reduces the N. gonorrhoeae-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species within the mitochondria, preserving their integrity. Additionally, honokiol suppresses the expression of the pro-inflammatory mediator IL-6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase induced by N. gonorrhoeae independently of NLRP3. Impressively, honokiol exhibits in vitro anti-gonococcal activity against N. gonorrhoeae.Conclusion: Honokiol inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome in N. gonorrhoeae-infected macrophages and holds great promise for further development as an active ingredient in the prevention and treatment of symptoms associated with gonorrhea.Keywords: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, honokiol, NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondria, bactericiide

Objective: To determine the added value of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in the assessment of lesions detected by contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM). Material and methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary university medical center. All CEM studies including DBT performed between January 2016 and December 2020 were included. Lesions were categorized and scored by four dedicated breast radiologists according to the recent CEM and DBT supplements to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) lexicon. Changes in the BIRADS score of CEM-detected lesions with the addition of DBT were evaluated according to the pathology results and 1-year follow-up imaging study. Results: BIRADS scores of CEM-detected lesions were upgraded toward the lesion’s pathology with the addition of DBT (p > 0.0001), overall and for each reader. The difference in BIRADS scores before and after the addition of DBT was more significant for readers who were less experienced. The reason for changes in the BIRADS score was better lesion margin visibility. The main BIRADS descriptors applied in the malignant lesions were spiculations, calcifications, architectural distortion, and sharp or obscured margins. Conclusions: The addition of DBT to CEM provides valuable information on the enhancing lesion, leading to a more accurate BIRADS score.

Abstract The existing physical layer security schemes, which are based on the key generation model and the wire-tap channel model, achieve security by utilizing channel reciprocity entropy and noise entropy, respectively. In contrast, we propose a novel secure transmission framework that combines noise entropy with reciprocity entropy, achieved by inserting reciprocity entropy into the frozen bits of polar codes. Note that in real-world scenarios, when eavesdroppers employ polynomial-time attacks, the bit error rate (BER) increases due to the introduction of computational entropy. To achieve indistinguishability security, we convert the practical physical layer security metric, BER, into the average min-entropy, a widely accepted concept in cryptography. The simulation results demonstrate that the eavesdropper’s BER can be significantly increased without compromising the communication performance of the legitimate receiver. Under concrete parameters we selected, when compared to the joint scheme of physical layer key generation and one time pad, the modular semantically-secure scheme based on the wire-tap channel model, and the simple channel entropy combination scheme, our scheme achieves a message rate approximately 1.2 times, 3.8 times, and 1.4 times better, respectively. Experimental testing validates the feasibility of our scheme.

Superhydrophobic nanostructured coatings are a promising technology in construction engineering. This study developed a hydrophobic film through a simple mixing method, utilizing kaolin and polytetrafluoroethylene as additive particles, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-decyl triethoxysilane as a modifier, and epoxide resin and polyamide curing agent as adhesives. By controlling variables, it was determined that the C1P0.2EP coating immersed in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 1, 3, and 7 days exhibited the maximum impedance radii of 47,373, 20,334, and 1,982 Ω·cm2, respectively. It also demonstrated the highest Bode modulus values, the largest E corr, and the smallest I corr. Furthermore, after 300 h in a salt spray chamber with a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the C1P0.2EP coating showed no rust spots or bubbles, demonstrating its excellent corrosion resistance. Moreover, wear resistance tests and self-cleaning experiments were conducted on the C1P0.2EP coating. The results showed that after 100 friction cycles, the surface exhibited no visible scratches, and the contact angle of the coating decreased by only 4°. Additionally, neither soil particles nor dirty water adhered to the coating, indicating that the C1P0.2EP hydrophobic coating possesses not only excellent corrosion resistance but also superior wear resistance and self-cleaning capabilities.

Zupeng Xiao, Hanyi Wu, Xin Chen, Xiaoli Chen, Rentao Yu, Aijun Chen Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Aijun Chen; Rentao Yu, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13062377863; +86-18123303562, Email chenaijun@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn; rentaoyu@hotmail.comPurpose: Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) causes trouble in patients’ daily life and work. In severe cases, it may even lead to a decrease or loss of vision. To understand the demographic information and ocular symptoms of hospitalized patients with HZO, and to find potential factors related to improvement time of skin rash and duration of ocular symptoms at discharge, we design this study.Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study. All patients diagnosed with HZO who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of a hospital in Chongqing, China from January 1, 2015 to December 30, 2021 were included in this study. A total of 189 patients were included in this study. Clinical manifestations of the disease during hospitalization, improvement time of ocular skin lesions, and whether ocular skin lesions disappeared completely at discharge were recorded.Results: The most common ocular symptom was eyelid swelling (92.6%), followed by eye pain (48.7%). The most common ocular sign was conjunctivitis (78.3%), followed by keratitis (15.9%). There were 149 cases without residual ocular symptoms and 40 cases with residual ocular symptoms. There was no statistically significant difference in demographic characteristics between the two groups (P> 0.05). Age ≥ 70 years (B=0.381, − 0.061~0.022, P=0.005), use of glucocorticoids (B=0.260, 0.024~0.496, P=0.031), and use of topical antiviral drugs (B=0.380, 0.054~0.705, P=0.023) were factors affecting the time interval from admission to improvement of skin rash. Tearing (HR, OR=4.827, 1.956~11.909, P< 0.001) and blood urea nitrogen (OR=0.787, 0.620– 1.000, P=0.050) were factors influencing residual ocular symptoms.Conclusion: This study could help clinicians gain a deeper understanding of the clinical manifestations and partial influencing factors of HZO patients, which may contribute to future clinical work.Keywords: herpes zoster ophthalmicus, clinical manifestations, disease outcome, risk factors

Objective·To evaluate the changes in cognitive function in overweight and obese adolescents, and explore the association between cognitive function and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21).Methods·A total of 175 adolescents from a senior high school in Shanghai were divided into normal weight group (n=50), overweight group (n=50) and obese group (n=75) based on their body mass index (BMI). General information, anthropometric data and laboratory testing indicators of the adolescents were collected and compared. The cognitive function of the three groups of adolescents was assessed by using the accuracy (ACC) and reaction time of Flanker task and n-back task. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum FGF21 level of the three groups of adolescents. Partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model were used to evaluate the correlation between cognitive task performance and anthropometric data and laboratory testing indicators.Results·Compared with the normal weight group, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and the levels of fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and triacylglycerol in the obese group were higher (all P

Academic circles have long ignored the problems of inadequate and unbalanced housing development in medium-sized cities. Based on data from the sixth and seventh national population censuses of Zhaoqing City, this study constructed the resident housing evaluation system focusing on four sub-systems: construction age, building structure, per capita floor area, and housing living facilities. Through global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses, the spatial-temporal differentiation pattern of residents' housing conditions in Zhaoqing City from 2010 to 2020 was described. An OLS regression model was used to identify the influencing factors of the comprehensive score of residents' housing conditions, revealing the driving mechanisms of the evolution of the spatial pattern of housing conditions. The results show that 1) From 2010 to 2020, the spatial difference characteristics of the housing conditions of residents in Zhaoqing City showed obvious changes, with the high score area shifting from southeast to northwest. 2) The housing conditions of residents showed significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. The spatial agglomeration degree of the overall housing condition score did not change much in the past 10 years, while the spatial agglomeration degree of the construction age, building structure, and housing living facilities scores decreased significantly. 3) In 2020, the housing conditions of urban residents and rural residents presented different spatial differentiation patterns. The per capita floor area subsystem of rural housing dominates the spatial differentiation pattern of housing conditions for all residents in the city. 4) Regarding driving mechanisms, early urban forms constitute the historical basis of the spatial pattern of housing conditions in Zhaoqing City. Government policies and planning are the key driving forces shaping the evolution of spatial patterns, and the filtering effect of the housing market further strengthens the established spatial pattern. Based on these findings, the study proposes the following policy implications for Zhaoqing City: 1) Accelerate the upgrading of the industrial structure and new type urbanization construction, and encourage the city's agricultural migrant population and migrant workers to find jobs and settle down in the central city, development zone, and county; 2) Increase the supply of affordable housing with better housing quality in Zhaoqing New District and High-tech Zone to attract and retain highly skilled talents and college graduates; 3) Control the supply scale of residential land in the New District and High-tech Zone, increase the supply scale of industrial land, and expedite the introduction of strategic industries; 4) Conduct micro-transformations of old residential areas in the old urban areas, upgrade infrastructure and indoor living facilities, and improve the quality of the living environment. This study discusses the evolution trend and driving mechanisms of the spatial differentiation of housing conditions in small- and medium-sized cities and offers policy implications to comprehensively improve the housing conditions of Zhaoqing residents based on local conditions. This has significant reference value for promoting the optimization of housing conditions in small- and medium-sized cities and improving the overall living conditions of citizens.

Abstract As scientists, we are proud of our role in developing the current digital age that enables billions of people to communicate rapidly with others via social media. However, when things go wrong, we are also responsible for taking an ethical stand and trying to solve problems, and this work aims to take a step in this direction. Our goal is to set the foundation for a mathematically formal study of how we might regulate social media and, in particular, address the problem of the echo chamber effect. An echo chamber is a closed system where other voices are excluded by omission, causing your beliefs to become amplified or reinforced. In turn, these bubbles can boost social polarization and extreme political views, and, unfortunately, there is strong evidence that echo chambers exist in social media. The fundamental question we try to answer is: how and can a regulation “break” or reduce the echo chamber effect in social media? Sadly, the paper’s main result is an impossibility result: a general regulation function that achieves this goal (on our social media model) while obeying the core values of democratic societies (freedom of expression and user privacy) does not exist. This result leaves us with hard future choices to make.

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biogas slurry application on biomass production and the silage quality of corn. Methods A field experiment was conducted in which corn was grown using different biogas slurry application rates. The effect of 25% to 500% biogas slurry nitrogen replacement (T1 to T14) on the yield and quality indices of corn were studied by field plot experiments. Results The results revealed that biogas slurry application improved the stem diameter and relative feed value of corn silage in treatments T13 and T11. Moreover, the fermentation quality of corn silage was improved due to an increase in lactic acid content; in comparison with the chemical synthetic fertilizer (CF) group. The crude protein contents of corn silage had no obvious change with increasing biogas slurry application. However, the forage quality index of acid detergent fiber was decreased (p

Miltefosine, an orally administered drug, is an important component of the therapeutic arsenal against visceral and mucosal forms of leishmaniasis. However, data regarding the safety and tolerability of miltefosine treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are relatively limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerability, safety, and adverse events (AEs) of miltefosine treatment in patients with CL. In this cohort study, we reviewed the medical records of all miltefosine-treated patients between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2022, at Israel Defense Forces military dermatology clinics and the dermatology and Tropical Medicine Clinics at Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. A total of 68 patients (54 males, 79%) with a median age of 30.3 ± 15.6 years (range: 18–88) were included in this study. Leishmania species were identified as L. major (n = 37, 54.4%), L. tropica (n = 12, 17.6%), L. braziliensis (n = 18, 26.5%), and L. infantum (n = 1, 1.5%) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Miltefosine tablets were administered orally at a dose of 50 mg, three times daily, for 28 days. Overall, 44 patients (65%) completed the 28-day treatment, and the remaining patients required dose reduction or early discontinuation of treatment. AEs (of any degree) were common, reported in 91% of patients. Both previously reported and previously unreported AEs were documented. Gastrointestinal symptoms (66.1%) and malaise (23.5%) typically occurred during the first two weeks of treatment and tended to subside. Other AEs, including acute renal failure (20.6%), sudden and severe pleuritic chest pain (7.6%), acne exacerbation (11.8%), suppuration of CL lesions (17.8%), and AEs related to the male genitourinary system (39.6% of males), typically occurred towards the end of treatment. The latter included testicular pain, epididymitis, diminution or complete absence of ejaculate, inability to orgasm, and impotence. Severe AEs necessitated treatment discontinuation (29.4%) or hospitalization (10.3%). URTI-like symptoms, arthritis, cutaneous eruption, pruritus, and laboratory abnormalities were also observed. Overall, the cure rate (for all patients combined) evaluated 3 months after the completion of treatment was 60%. The tolerability of miltefosine treatment for CL is low. Close clinical and laboratory monitoring is required during treatment, as severe AEs are not uncommon. As new insights regarding its toxicities emerge, further studies are required to define the role of miltefosine in the treatment of CL.

Background Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a lung disease caused by aspergillus sensitization, which is often misdiagnosed or missed diagnosis due to low prevalence, few case reports, and controversial diagnostic criteria, leading to inappropriate treatment and exacerbation of the disease. Previous studies have shown that ABPA is one of the etiologies of bronchiectasis, but its prevalence and clinical characteristics still remain to be studied. Objective To analyze the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ABPA in patients with bronchiectasis. Methods Outpatients or inpatients diagnosed with bronchiectasis and received examinations for peripheral blood eosinophilcount, serum total IgE and aspergillus-specific IgE at Peking University Third Hospital from January 2012 to September 2021 were retrospectively selected. The data including gender, age, smoking history, asthma/wheezing symptoma, laboratory indicators (peripheral blood eosinophil count, serum total IgE, aspergillus-specific IgE and IgG), chest CT (types of bronchiectasis, number oflobes involved), and pulmonary function indexes〔the first forced expiratory volume as a percentage of the predicted value (FEV1%pred), ratio of the first forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity in percentage (FEV1/FVC) 〕was collected. The Smith score and the Bhalla score was used to evaluate the extent and the severity of bronchiectasis lesions, respectively. The included patients were divided into the ABPA group (n=10) and non-ABPA group (n=149) according to the combination of ABPA and analyzed for the cases with total serum IgE>60 U/mL, total serum IgE>500 U/mL, total serum IgE>1 000 U/mL, aspergillus-specific IgE>0.35 U/mL, and peripheral blood eosinophil count >0.5×109/L. Results In 159 patients with bronchiectasis, 10 cases met the diagnostic criteria of ABPA (6.29%, 10/159) with elevated aspergillus-specific IgE level (>0.35 U/mL), including 9 cases with aspergillus-specific IgE>1 000 U/mL and 1 case with aspergillus-specific IgE0.5×109/L, radiological bronchiectasis, positive serum aspergillus-specific IgG), of whom 7 cases had episodic wheezingsymptom and 9 cases with absolute peripheral blood eosinophil count>0.5×109/L. Aspergillus-specific IgG was detected in 5 of the 10 cases with ABPA, 4 of whom were positive. Chest CT findings showed central bronchiectasis and peripheral bronchiectasis in 6 and 4 of the 10 cases with ABPA, and cystic bronchiectasis were shown in all 10 cases. Compared with the non-ABPA group, the ABPA group showed a higher number of lung lobesinvolved, Smith score and Bhalla score (P

Background: Siwu Decoction (SWD) is a well-known classical TCM formula that has been shown to be effective as a basis for preventing and reducing liver metastases (LM). However, the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to systematically analyze the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms of SWD on LM and validate mechanisms involved. Materials and methods: The active ingredients in SWD were extracted by UHPLC-MS/MS in a latest study. Protox II was retrieved to obtain toxicological parameters to detect safety. Swiss Target Prediction database was exploited to harvest SWD targets. Five databases, Gene Cards, DisGeNET, Drugbank, OMIM, and TTD, were employed to filter pathogenic targets of LM. STRING database was utilized to construct the protein–protein interaction network for therapeutic targets, followed by Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. GEPIA database and the Human Protein Atlas were taken to observe the expression of core genes and proteins. ImmuCellAI algorithm was applied to analyze the immune microenvironment and survival relevant to core genes. Molecular docking was performed to verify the affinity of SWD effective ingredients to core targets. In vivo experiments were carried out to validate the anti-LM efficacy of SWD and verify the pivotal mechanisms of action. Results: Eighteen main bioactive phytochemicals identified were all non-hepatotoxic. PPI network acquired 118 therapeutic targets, of which VEGFA, CASP3, STAT3, etc. were identified as core targets. KEGG analysis revealed that HIF-1 pathway and others were critical. After tandem targets and pathways, HIF-1/VEGF was regarded as the greatest potential pathway. VEGFA and HIF-1 were expressed differently in various stages of cancer and normal tissues. There was a negative regulation of immunoreactive cells by VEGFA, which was influential for prognosis. Molecular docking confirmed the tight binding to VEGFA. This study revealed the exact effect of SWD against LM, and identified significant inhibition the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and CD31 in the liver microenvironment. Conclusion: This study clarified the active ingredients of SWD, the therapeutic targets of LM and potential molecular mechanisms. SWD may protect against LM through suppressing HIF-1/VEGF pathway.

Due to the non-uniform distribution of lighting systems and the presence of a large amount of dust and mist in the environment during the underground video collection process, there are problems with local light overexposure, insufficient brightness, low contrast, and weak edge information in the monitoring image. In order to solve the above problems, an image enhancement algorithm for non-uniform illumination in underground mines is proposed. This algorithm is based on the improvement of Retinex-Net network structure, which includes three parts: non-uniform illumination suppression module (NLSM), illumination decomposition module (LDM), and image enhancement module (IEM). Among them, NLSM suppresses local non-uniform illumination of artificial light sources in the image. LDM decomposes the image into light and reflection layers. IEM enhances the illumination layer of the image, undergoes gamma correction, and ultimately obtains the enhanced image. Resnet is adopted as the infrastructure of the network in both NLSM and LDM. The channel attention module and spatial attention module in the convolutional attention mechanism are sequentially introduced to enhance the attention to image lighting features and the efficiency of feature selection. The experimental results show the following points. ① MBLLEN, RUAS, zeroDCE, zeroDCE++, Retinex−Net, KinD++, and non-uniform illumination image enhancement algorithms are selected to enhance and qualitatively analyze images in various scenarios (underground transportation environment, single light source roadway, multi light source roadway, ore scenario). The analysis results indicate that non-uniform illumination image enhancement algorithms can avoid excessive enhancement of artificial light source areas. There is no halo or blurring phenomenon in the light source area, and colors are not prone to color deviation. The contrast is moderate, and the visual effect of the image is more realistic. ② The information entropy (IE), average gradient (AG), standard deviation (SD), naturalness image quality evaluator (NIQE), structural similarity (SSIM), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) are selected as evaluation indicators to quantitatively compare the quality of image enhancement images. The non-uniform illumination image enhancement algorithm is also in a relatively leading position in various scenarios. ③ The ablation experimental results show the non-uniform illumination image enhancement algorithm achieves optimal results on three evaluation indicators: NIQE, SSIM, and PSNR.

Leonardo G Da Fonseca,1,&ast; Victor Junji Yamamoto,1,&ast; Mateus Trinconi Cunha,1 Giovanna Sawaya Torre,2 Raphael LC Araujo,3 Gilton Marques Fonseca,4 Andre Tsin Chih Chen,5 Aline Lopes Chagas,6 Paulo Herman,4 Venancio Avancini Ferreira Alves,7 Flair Jose Carrilho6 1Department of Medical Oncology, ICESP - Instituto do Cancer DO Estado de Sao Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of Radiology, ICESP - Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Digestive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 4Digestive Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; 5Radiation Oncology Department - Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; 6Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; 7Department of Pathology, LIM-14, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Leonardo G Da Fonseca, Department of Medical Oncology, ICESP - Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr Arnaldo, 251, 5th Floor ZIP: 01246-000, São Paulo, Brazil, Tel/Fax +55 11 3893-2000, Email l.fonseca@fm.usp.brPurpose: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) is a rare primary liver malignancy often diagnosed at advanced stages. While there are limited data on the efficacy of specific agents, we aim to report outcomes of patients treated with systemic therapies and explore prognostic factors.Patients and Methods: Medical records of patients treated between 2010 and 2022 were reviewed. Treatments were defined after multidisciplinary assessment. Descriptive statistics were used for baseline demographics. Time-to-event outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, compared by log-rank and adjusted by a regression model. Radiomic features (including size, shape, and texture) of the primary lesion were extracted and dimensionality reduced. An unsupervised Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) clustering was performed, and survival was compared between clusters.Results: We identified 23 patients: 12 males, with a median age of 23.6 years. At diagnosis, 82.6% had metastases, most frequently to the lungs (39.1%), lymph nodes (39.1%), and peritoneum (21.7%). Patients received a median of three lines (1– 8) of treatment, including different regimens. Sorafenib (39.1%), capecitabine (30.4%), and capecitabine/interferon (13%) were the most used first-line regimens. The median time-to-failure was 3.8 months (95% CI: 3.2– 8.7). Capecitabine + interferon (42.1%) and platinum combinations (39.1%) were the most used second-line regimens, with a time-to-failure of 3.5 months (95% CI: 1.5– 11.6). Median overall survival was 26.7 months (95% CI: 15.1– 40.4). A high baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was associated with worse survival (p=0.02). Radiomic features identified three clusters, with one cluster (n=6) having better survival (40.4 vs 22.6 months, p=0.039). Tumor sphericity in the arterial phase was the most relevant characteristic associated with a better prognosis (accuracy=0.93).Conclusion: FLHCC has unique features compared to conventional HCC, including young onset, gender balance, and absence of hepatopathy. Systemic therapies can provide encouraging survival, but lack of uniformity precludes defining a preferable regimen. Radiomics and NLR were suggested to correlate with prognosis and warrant further validation.Keywords: liver cancer, systemic treatment, radiomics, fibrolamellar carcinoma, rare tumors

Bin Yang,1,&ast; Qingsong Lai,2,&ast; Aiqi Chen,2 Li Ye,1 Xiaohua Wang,1 Yulin Lai,2 Dan Liu,3 Mao-Qiang Man3 1Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, 510091, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Medical Center for Public Health of Puning, Puning City, Guangdong, 515300, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Product Development, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, 510091, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mao-Qiang Man, Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou City, 510091, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 20 8725 7353, Email mqman@hotmail.comBackground/Objective: Epidermal function is altered in a number of cutaneous and extracutaneous disorders. To determine whether epidermal function is also altered in children with obesity, we assessed the correlation between the body mass index (BMI) z score and epidermal function in children.Participants and Methods: Participants were enrolled from outpatient clinic, schools and kindergartens. Epidermal biophysical properties, including transepidermal water loss rate, stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH, were measured on the flexor forearm and shin. Correlations between epidermal biophysical properties and BMI were analyzed. In addition, the association of epidermal biophysical properties with BMI z score was also determined.Results: Overall, BMI did not differ significantly between boys and girls among the age groups. BMI z scores correlated negatively with stratum corneum hydration levels and positively with skin surface pH in boys, but not in girls. The negative correlation between TEWL and BMI z score was not significant. Moreover, stratum corneum hydration levels were lower in boys with a BMI z score of ≥ 2 than in those with a BMI z score of − 2 to 0.99.Conclusion: Both stratum corneum hydration levels and skin surface pH are significantly correlated with BMI z scores in boys, but not in girls. Whether epidermal function influences BMI or vice versa remains to be determined.Keywords: transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, skin surface pH, body mass index, BMI z score

Jing Xu,1 Aijun Chen,1 Yuting Peng,1 Zhuyuan Wen,1,2 Kun Huang,1 Ping Wang1 1Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Pediatric, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ping Wang, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China, Email wang_ping@hospital.cqmu.edu.cnAbstract: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that manifests itself not only on the skin but also on various tissues and organs of the body. While some psoriasis co-morbidities have been investigated, little is known about its association with impairment of renal function. In 2005, the concept of psoriatic nephropathy was first introduced by Indian nephrologists, suggesting a potential relationship between psoriasis and kidney disease. Adalimumab, a fully human recombinant immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Here, we present a case of severe plaque psoriasis accompanied with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) treated with adalimumab. Following the case presentation is a discussion of the relationship between psoriasis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) / ESRD and the possible role of biologics in psoriasis-related kidney damage. The aim of this report is to increase dermatologists’ awareness of psoriatic nephropathy as a complication of psoriasis and to raise awareness of the use of biologics in psoriasis.Keywords: psoriasis, end-stage kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, adalimumab, biologics

Abstract Background Bangladesh is one of the countries at risk of natural disasters due to climate change. In particular, inhabitants of its riverine islands (char) confront ongoing climatic events that heighten their vulnerability. This study aims to assess social vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation strategies to climate change in the riverine island areas of Bangladesh. Methods A mixed-method approach incorporating qualitative and quantitative procedures was used on data collected from 180 households of riverine islands in Gaibandha, Bangladesh. The social vulnerability of riverine island communities was assessed based on their adaptation capacity, sensitivity, and exposure to climatic stressors. Results The findings show that char dwellers' vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation capability to climate change vary significantly depending on their proximity to the mainland. Social vulnerability factors such as geographical location, fragile and low-grade housing conditions, illiteracy and displacement, climate-sensitive occupation and low-income level, and so on caused to the in-height vulnerability level of these particular areas. This study also displays that climate change and its associated hazards cause severe life and livelihood concerns for almost all households. In this case, the riverine dwellers employed several adaptation strategies to enhance their way of life to the disaster brought on changing climate. However, low education facilities, deficiency of useful information on climate change, poor infrastructure, and shortage of money are still the supreme hindrance to the sustainability of adaptation. Conclusion The findings underscore the importance of evaluating the susceptibility of local areas to climate change and emphasize the need for tailored local initiatives and policies to reduce vulnerability and enhance adaptability in communities residing in char households.

Tao Yang,1– 4 Haiqiong Liu,1,3,4 Chaobo Yang,1,3,4 Huaqiang Mo,1,3,4 Xianbao Wang,1,3,4 Xudong Song,1,3,4 Luping Jiang,2 Ping Deng,2 Ran Chen,2 Pengcui Wu,2 Aihua Chen,1,3,4 Jing Yan1,3,4 1Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jing Yan; Aihua Chen, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, NO. 253, Gongye Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-2061643686, Email yanve1008@126.com; chenaha@126.comPurpose: Myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a crucial clinical problem globally. The molecular mechanisms of MIRI need to be fully explored to develop new therapeutic methods. Galangin (Gal), which is a natural flavonoid extracted from Alpinia Officinarum Hance and Propolis, possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, but its effects on MIRI remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the pharmacological effects of Gal on MIRI.Methods: C57BL/6 mice underwent reperfusion for 3 h after 45 min of ischemia, and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCs) subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR) were cultured as in vivo and in vitro models. Echocardiography and TTC-Evans Blue staining were performed to evaluate the myocardial injury. Transmission electron microscope and JC-1 staining were used to validate the mitochondrial function. Additionally, Western blot detected ferroptosis markers, including Gpx4, FTH, and xCT.Results: Gal treatment alleviated cardiac myofibril damage, reduced infarction size, improved cardiac function, and prevented mitochondrial injury in mice with MIRI. Gal significantly alleviated HR-induced cell death and mitigated mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in NRCs. Furthermore, Gal significantly inhibited ferroptosis by preventing iron overload and lipid peroxidation, as well as regulating Gpx4, FTH, and xCT expression levels. Moreover, Gal up-regulated nuclear transcriptive factor Nrf2 in HR-treated NRCs. Nrf2 inhibition by Brusatol abolished the protective effect of Gal against ferroptosis.Conclusion: This study revealed that Gal alleviates myocardial ischemic reperfusion-induced ferroptosis by targeting Nrf2/Gpx4 signaling pathway.Keywords: galangin, ferroptosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, Nrf2, Gpx4

With the requirements that a type of platform can perform diversified combat tasks and the needs for cost control, the airborne mission pod is bound to play a more important role in future operations. Therefore, research is carried out on the reconnaissance and surveillance, target indication, electronic countermeasure and other multi type airborne mission pods carried by foreign manned and unmanned combat aircraft, and the mainstream models, technical characteristics, development ideas, development paths, and adaptive carriers of airborne mission pods are analyzed. It is found that the development of foreign pods has gone from based on aircraft platforms to independent of platforms, from customization to generalization, and data processing and information generation have gradually become intelligent and autonomous. Finally, the development trend of intelligent, generalization, modularity and system architecture opening of airborne mission pod in the future is summarized.

In order to quickly and accurately detect the instability of foundation piles on concrete Bridges, an improved convolutional neural network based image recognition method for concrete bridge pile foundations was proposed. In order to improve the image quality, the entropy threshold method is used to process the image, and the two-channel convolutional neural network is designed to extract the image features fully. The improved traditional Relu activation function avoids model underfitting. Support vector machine (SVM) was used to replace Softmax classifier to improve computing efficiency. The experiment of bridge pile foundation image recognition shows that the improved convolutional neural network has significantly improved the recognition rate of the real bridge pile foundation. No matter how many degrees the image is rotated, the method in this article always maintains a high recognition rate, and the recognition rate does not fluctuate much, indicating that the algorithm in this article has good robustness to rotation and translation. In summary, the average recognition rate of the 5 groups was 96.26%. The feasibility of this method in identifying bridge pile foundation is proved.

Abstract Despite rapid advances in metabolic therapies over the past decade, their efficacy in melanoma has been modest, largely due to the interaction between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells to promote cancer growth. Altering the tumor microenvironment (TME) is challenging and elusive. CAFs is critical for glutamine deprivation survival in melanoma. In this research, we assembled a CAFs-targeted, controlled-release nanodroplets for the combined delivery of the amino acid transporter ASCT2 (SLC1A5) inhibitor V9302 and GLULsiRNA (siGLUL). The application of ultrasound-targeted microbubble disruption (UTMD) allows for rapid release of V9302 and siGLUL, jointly breaking the glutamine metabolism interaction between CAFs and cancer cells on one hand, on the other hand, blocking activated CAFs and reducing the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate drug penetration. In addition, ultrasound stimulation made siGLUL more accessible to tumor cells and CAFs, downregulating GLUL expression in both cell types. FH-V9302-siGLUL-NDs also serve as contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging agents for tumor imaging. Our study developed and reported FH-NDs as nanocarriers for V9302 and siGLUL, demonstrating that FH-V9302-siGLUL-NDs have potential bright future applications for integrated diagnostic therapy. Graphical Abstract

Two BOG treatment processes are adopted in the Tangshan LNG terminal of PetroChina, including the recondensation and highpressure compression based export processes. However, the LNG cold energy could not be fully used if only the high-pressure compression method is used for BOG treatment in the low export condition. The booster compressor has high operation power and large energy consumption.For this reason, the combined BOG treatment scheme of the Tangshan LNG terminal was studied through the combined numerical simulation and theoretical research with the ASPEN HYSYS software. Meanwhile, the combined operation scheme of the re-condenser and booster compressor was formulated to make full use of the LNG cold energy and reduce the operating power consumption of the booster compressor. The results show that the BOG flow has a great impact on the downstream LNG temperature. To control the downstream LNG temperature change of the re-condenser, the BOG flow should be controlled at first, with the auxiliary of BOG temperature and LNG header flow control. The combined operation scheme after optimization could reduce the power consumption of the compressor by 5%-20%, so that about 9.4×105 kW·h power can be saved annually, with an obvious optimization effect. Generally, the research results could provide a theoretical reference for the calculation of the combined BOG treatment process in the LNG terminal and the formulation of the operation scheme.

Li Fang,1,2 Chun-Hao Li,1,3 Qian Zhang,1,3 Tian-Jiao Jiang,1,3 Yuan Liu,1,2 Feng-Po Shi,1,3 Peng Yu,1,3 Liang Yu,1,3 Ai-Ping Chen,1,3 Tao Li,1,3 Yu-Zhu Wan,1,3 Li Shi1,3 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Allergy, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tao Li; Yu-Zhu Wan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Duanxing West Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250033, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 531 83086279 ; +86 531 83086280, Fax +86 531 87980304, Email ltwfmc@163.com; wanyuzhu001@126.comBackground: Mounting research indicates that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), has great potential to increase neuro-hyperresponsiveness and airway resistance in airway allergic disease. The expression level of BDNF has been found to be notably elevated in lung/nasal lavage (NAL) fluid. However, the expression and position of BDNF in ciliated cells with allergic rhinitis remains unclear.Methods: Nasal mucosal cells were collected from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and mice which were performed under different allergen challenge time, then observed the expression and position of BDNF located in ciliated cells through the immunofluorescence staining. Nasal mucosa, serum and NAL fluid were collected also. The expression level of BDNF and IL-4/5/13 were detected by RT-PCR. The expressions of BDNF (in serum and NAL fluid), and total-IgE, ovalbumin sIgE (in serum) were detected by ELISA.Results: We found that MFI of BDNF in AR group’s ciliated cells was obviously lower than that in the control group, and a negative correlation was discovered between MFI and VAS score. It can be roughly divided into 5 patterns according to its location in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells. In the mouse model, the expressions of BDNF in serum and NAL fluid increased temporarily after allergen stimulation. The MFI of BDNF in ciliated cells displayed an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease.Conclusion: Our study shows for the first time that, the expression and localization of BNDF were observed in the human nasal ciliated epithelial cells of allergic rhinitis, and the expression of level was less than the control group under the persistent state of allergy. BDNF expression in ciliated cells was transient increased after allergen stimulation and decreased to normal level after 24h in mouse model of allergic rhinitis. This might be the possible source of the transient increase of BNDF in serum and NAL fluid.Keywords: allergic rhinitis, BDNF, ciliated cell, NAL fluid

Vivian L Qin,1,&ast; Amy Yimin Chen,2,&ast; Hasan Bashir,3 David Hsu,4 Lily Wushanley,3 Vivian Lee1 1University of Pennsylvania, Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 2University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Program in Life Sciences & Management, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 3Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; 4University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Vivian Lee, University of Pennsylvania, 51N 39th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA, Tel +1 215-662-8125, Email Vivian.lee@pennmedicine.upenn.eduPurpose: The aim of this research is to describe the use of the social media platform, Instagram, by academic ophthalmology residency programs in the United States over time and consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ophthalmology’s social media presence.Methods and Subjects: This cross-sectional study was conducted online by reviewing the publicly accessible Instagram accounts of all accredited US academic ophthalmology residency programs.Main Outcomes and Measures: Number of US ophthalmology residency programs with an affiliated Instagram account were analyzed by year of creation. The content of the top six accounts with the most followers was analyzed by evaluating amount of engagement within defined post categories.Results: Of the 124 ophthalmology residency programs, 78 (62.9%) were identified as having an affiliated Instagram account, 60 accounts (48.4%) were created during the years 2020 or 2021, and 62 (50.0%) accounts focused specifically on promoting the residency training program. Of the top six accounts with the most followers, post categories that received the most engagement were “Medical” and “Group Photo”, while those that received the least engagement were “Department Bulletin” and “Miscellaneous.” User engagement on posts as measured by likes and comments increased across multiple post categories after January 2020.Conclusion: Social media presence of ophthalmology residency programs on Instagram increased substantially in 2020 and 2021. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic restricting in-person interactions, residency programs have used alternative platforms to reach applicants. Given the increasing use of such applications, social media will likely continue to become an important aspect of professional engagement in ophthalmology.Keywords: social media, medical education, ophthalmology, ophthalmology residency

In this paper, we first constructed an industry-teaching integration model for rural tourism talent cultivation and determined the objectives, content, and cultivation methods for cultivating talent. Then, the correlation analysis model is established, the principal components are extracted, and the discrete behavioral observations of the system factors are transformed into segmented continuous lines through the method of linear interpolation, and then the geometric characteristics of the lines are used to determine whether the connection between different sequences is close. Finally, a correlation analysis is conducted on the level of talent cultivation during industry-teaching integration and the factors that influence it. The results show that the training conditions of industry-education integration β = 0.283, the training mode β = 3.409, and the training content β = 0.175, which indicates that the integration of industry-education integration plays an important role in cultivating rural tourism talents. This study proposes a new talent cultivation mode to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of rural tourism.

Lian Gong,1 Ming Zhong,2 Kai Gong,3 Zhanwang Wang,1 Yong Zhong,4 Yi Jin,1 Haotian Chen,1 Panpan Tai,1 Xinyu Chen,1 Aiyan Chen,1 Ke Cao1 1Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Clinical Medicine, Hubei Enshi College, Enshi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ke Cao, Email csucaoke@163.comBackground: Chaperonin-containing TCP1 subunit 8 (CCT8) has been proved to be involved in the occurrence and development of some cancers. However, no study has reported the potential role of CCT8 in a pan-cancer manner.Methods: TIMER2.0, GEPIA2, UALCAN and Sangerbox were used to explore the expression, prognosis and methylation of CCT8. We used cBioPortal, TISIDB, SangerBox, TIMER2.0 and TISMO to investigate the genetic alteration of CCT8 and the relationship of CCT8 with molecular subtype, immune subtype, immune infiltration and immunotherapy response. CCT8-related genes were screened out through GEPIA and STRING for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. CCK-8, the colony formation assay, the wound healing assay and the Transwell assay were performed to explore the influence of CCT8 on proliferation and migration.Results: CCT8 was highly expressed in most cancers with a poor prognosis. The expression level of CCT8, which was affected by the promoter region methylation and genetic alteration, was related to the molecular and immune subtype of cancers. Interestingly, CCT8 was positively associated with the activated CD4 T cells and type 2 T-helper cells. CCT8 played a vital role in the cell cycle and RNA transport of cancers, and it significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells when it was knocked down.Conclusion: CCT8 plays an indispensable role in promoting the proliferation and migration of many cancers. CCT8 might be a biomarker of T-helper type 2 (Th2) cell infiltration and a promising therapeutic target for T-helper type 1(Th1)/Th2 imbalance.Keywords: CCT8, survival, immune infiltration, biomarker, pan-cancer

En Cao,1,&ast; Jun Xu,1,&ast; Yuanqi Gong,2,&ast; Jingjing Yuan,3 Anbang Chen,1 Jiayi Liu,4 Yunfei Fan,4 Xiangyang Fan,4 Xiaodong Kuang1 1Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Critical Care Medicine/ICU (Intensive Care Unit), Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 4The Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaodong Kuang, Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China, Email xdssmu2005@163.comBackground: Macrophages are known to play a crucial role in the chronic inflammation associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). BML-111, acting as a lipoxin A4 (LXA4) receptor agonist, has shown to be effective in protecting against COPD. However, the precise mechanism by which BML-111 exerts its protective effect remains unclear.Methods: In order to establish a cell model of inflammation, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was used on the RAW264.7 cell line. Afterwards, an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was employed to measure concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the cell supernatants of the RAW264.7 cells.In this study, we examined the markers of macrophage polarization using two methods: quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Additionally, we detected the expression of Notch-1 and Hes-1 through Western blotting.Results: BML-111 effectively suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18, as well as inflammasome factors NLRP3 and Caspase-1, while simultaneously up-regulating the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 induced by CSE. Moreover, BML-111 reduced the expression of iNOS, which is associated with M1 macrophage polarization, and increased the expression of Arg-1, which is associated with M2 phenotype. Additionally, BML-111 downregulated the expression of Hes-1 and the ratio of activated Notch-1 to Notch-1 induced by CSE. The effect of BML-111 on inflammation and macrophage polarization was reversed upon administration of the Notch-1 signaling pathway agonist Jagged1.Conclusion: BML-111 has the potential to suppress inflammation and modulate M1/M2 macrophage polarization in RAW264.7 cells. The underlying mechanism may involve the Notch-1 signaling pathway.Keywords: BML-111, macrophage polarization, Notch-1 signaling pathway, COPD

We propose to realize bipartite and tripartite entanglements transfer in a cavity magnomechanical system consisting of a microwave cavity with an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere and a silicon-nitride membrane in it. The initial magnon–YIG phonon entanglement and photon-membrane phonon entanglement caused by the magnetostrictive interaction and the optomechanical interaction can be effectively transferred to magnon–membrane phonon entanglement and photon–YIG phonon entanglement. Photon–magnon–YIG phonon and photon–magnon–membrane phonon entanglements can also be realized in the system. These two types of tripartite entanglements can be easily transferred from one type to the other by adjusting the detuning or dissipation ratio. Moreover, the bipartite and tripartite entanglements and their transfer are all robust against temperature. Furthermore, by introducing supermodes formed by the photon and magnon modes, we find that the entanglement between the two mechanical modes can be obtained under the condition of an extremely low temperature. And the effective detuning region of the YIG phonon-membrane phonon entanglement is complementary to the detuning regions of other bipartite entanglements. Our results indicate that the combination of cavity magnomechanical and optomechanical systems could provide more flexible controllability of bipartite and tripartite entanglements and their transfer and could serve as a potential quantum interface among microwave, magnon, and mechanical systems.

As a renewable resource, cellulose has the advantages of wide source, environmental friendliness, biodegradability and biocompatibility. It is found that emulsions prepared with solid particles as stabilizers have higher stability than traditional surfactant-stabilized emulsions, and cellulose is an excellent stabilizer for Pickering emulsions due to its biocompatibility, wide source and environmental friendliness and has a broad prospect for application as a natural dietary fiber in the food field. In this article, the characteristics of Pickering emulsions stabilized by different kinds of cellulose and the different properties different treatments impart to nanocellulose-stabilized Pickering emulsions are reviewed. The recent applications of nanocellulose-based emulsions in the food field such as preparation of food-grade polymer materials, preparation of new low-calorie foods, delivery of bioactive substances and auxiliary digestion are described, which can provide a reference for broadening the application of cellulose-based Pickering emulsions.

Liangjie Lu,1 Haiming Fang,1 Mengchao Gu,1 Huihan Wang,2 Qiuxia Yu,3 Aqiong Chen,3 Kai-feng Gan1 1Department of Orthopaedics, Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450007, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Rheumatology, Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Kai-feng Gan, Tel +86-15724288924, Email gankaifeng1982@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to compare the changes in the expression of microRNA Let-7i in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the correlation between Let-7i and innate pro-inflammatory factors. It is necessary to search for a new biomarker to guide the prognosis of AS.Methods: A total of 10 patients with AS and 10 healthy volunteers were selected as AS and control groups, respectively. The expression levels of Let-7i, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in PBMCs were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB) to explore the relationship between Let-7i and pro-inflammatory factors. Furthermore, the relationship between Let-7i and TLR4 was determined by the luciferase reporter technology.Results: The expression level of Let-7i in PBMCs of patients with AS was significantly lower than that of healthy control. The expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB, and IFN-γ in PBMCs derived from patients with AS were significantly higher than those of healthy control. The results show that Let-7i manipulation can regulate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TLR4 and IFN-γ expression in CD4+ T cells of patients with AS. The overexpression of Let-7i in T cells of patients with AS can suppress TLR4 and IFN-γ LPS-induced expression levels of cellular mRNA and protein. Let-7i can directly interfere TLR4-3’untranslated region (UTR) sequence and regulate the expression of the TLR4 gene in Jurkat T cells.Conclusion: Let-7i may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS, and Let-7i expression in PBMCs may be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of AS in the future.Keywords: ankylosing spondylitis, Let-7i, TLR4, innate inflammatory

Apoptotic cells possess immunomodulatory effects that can be utilized to treat imbalanced immune conditions. Information on the preclinical safety of such treatment is sparse. In this study, the safety of apoptotic cells (Allocetra-OTS) was assessed in a GLP toxicological study on Sprague Dawley rats. Three doses of Allocetra-OTS or vehicle were administered intravenously (IV) for 3 consecutive days. Animals in the main study were sacrificed on day 4, while animals from the recovery groups were kept for 14 or 28 days. Allocetra-OTS was well tolerated, and no adverse effects were observed in terms of body weight, clinical signs, food consumption, or ophthalmologic observation. Thus, the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) dose was determined as the highest dose administered. An observed elevation in immune cells was suspected to be due to Allocetra-OTS, similarly to other clinical chemistry parameters; however, it was resolved in the recovery phases. Splenomegaly and dose-related extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in the red pulp were observed, with no adverse events, and were considered to be a normal and expected reaction following the IV administration of cell-based therapies. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, Allocetra-OTS was concluded to be safe, further supporting its potential candidacy for clinical studies.

IntroductionThis scoping review focuses on the eating behaviour of Malaysian youths and the way in which their eating behaviour has been studied in recent years. There is a continuous need to comprehend the nature and structure of eating behaviour acquired during young adulthood as it is linked to the increasing number of adults who are overweight and obese. Past research has been employed using various methodologies in the analysis of different dimensions of eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youths. This enquiry reviewed recent studies to collate and map out the methodologies, areas of research and factors associated with eating behaviour amongst this target group.MethodsThe “preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews” (PRISMA-ScR) was adopted for this scoping review which utilised the EBSCOhost discovery platform and other such databases as Sage, ProQuest and Clinical Key™.ResultsThe search resulted in a total of 34 articles which were then analysed. This gave rise to the identification of four main dimensions of eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youth, namely: “general adequacy and frequency of consumption of food groups”; “consumption of specific food groups”; “eating disorders”; and “weight control.”ConclusionThe majority of the recent studies focused on the general adequacy and frequency of consumption of food groups studied using quantitative approaches across multi-ethnic target groups within the central region of Malaysia. This leaves room for more studies on the consumption of specific food groups, eating disorders and weight control that could be more ethnic-centric within other geographical areas within Malaysia. Many studies suggested the need to apply qualitative measures to investigate the contradictions arising from current research concerning the interplay between interpersonal, intrapersonal and environmental factors affecting eating behaviour amongst Malaysian youths.

An optimization method based on the sensitivity of global and local geometric parameters is proposed to improve the cooling efficiency of E3 engine nozzle guide vane. For 29 geometric parameters that affect the vane maximum temperature in the cooling design, the sensitivity ranking of them is firstly obtained by the DOE method. Then the most influential parameters including the diameter or location of the film cooling hole are selected as the optimization variables to decrease the maximum surface temperature of the nozzle guide vane. On this basis, to further reduce the local temperature downstream the pressure side, a new duck-paw type film cooling hole is applied. The duck-paw type film cooling hole was produced with the adjoint method through identifying the sensitivity of the geometric boundary parameters of the film cooling holes. Compared to the cylindrical holes, the duck-paw shaped film cooling hole can greatly improve the cooling efficiency under the same conditions. The duck-paw type film cooling holes are applied to the last two rows of film cooling holes located on the pressure side of nozzle guide vane. Three-dimensional conjugate flow and heat transfer analysis results show that the maximum temperature of the optimized cooling structure vane is reduced by 39K, and the average temperature decreases by nearly 20K.

The mechanism of hydrolysis and extension diffusion of heavy metal pollution elements infiltrated into rock is analyzed by the theory of ion hydrolysis displacement. The hydrolysis properties of typical elements such as cadmium, zinc, lead, and copper are verified by convective dispersion model, and the diffusion law and fission characteristics of heavy metal with different hydrolysis constant are discussed. A three-dimensional constitutive relation model of rock extension diffusion surface is established by combining viscoelastic monomer model with a damage monomer model. Considering the influence of diffusion coefficient, hydrolysis constant, deformation factor, and other parameters, the rationality of the test results and model fitting results of heavy metal invading rock are verified. The results show that the replacement rate of colloidal mineral elements in rock varies with different hydrolysis constant, when the hydrolysis constant is large, the extension diffusion rate in rock is large; otherwise, the extension diffusion rate is small. Constitutive relation curves of polluted rock with different lithologies are in good agreement with the fitting results of the combination model under the influence of the same test conditions and the same parameters.

Michael J Thorpy,1 Isabelle Arnulf,2 Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer,3 Anne Marie Morse,4 Karel Šonka,5 Patricia Chandler,6 Luke Hickey,7 Abby Chen,6 Jed Black,6,8 Amanda Sterkel,6 Dan Chen,9 Richard K Bogan,10 Yves Dauvilliers11,12 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; 2Sleep Disorder Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital and Sorbonne University, Paris, France; 3Cleveland Clinic Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; 4Janet Weis Children’s Hospital, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA; 5Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; 6Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 7Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 8Stanford University Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 9Formerly Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 10University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA; 11Sleep and Wake Disorders Centre, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France; 12University of Montpellier, INSERM Institute Neuroscience Montpellier (INM), Montpellier, FranceCorrespondence: Michael J Thorpy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA, Tel +1 718 920-4841, Fax +1 718 798-4352, Email michael.thorpy@einsteinmed.orgPurpose: To report the efficacy and safety of lower-sodium oxybate (LXB; Xywav®) during the open-label titration and optimization period (OLT) and stable-dose period (SDP) in a clinical study for the treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia.Patients and Methods: Data were collected during treatment titration and optimization in a phase 3 randomized withdrawal trial in adults (18– 75 years of age) with idiopathic hypersomnia who took LXB treatment (once, twice, or thrice nightly, administered orally) in the OLT (10– 14 weeks), followed by the 2-week, open-label SDP. Endpoints included the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS), Patient Global Impression of Change, Clinical Global Impression of Change, Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ)-10, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP).Results: The safety population included 154 participants; the modified intent-to-treat population comprised 115 participants. During open-label treatment, mean (SD) ESS scores improved (decreased) from 15.7 (3.8) at baseline to 6.1 (4.0) at end of SDP, and IHSS scores improved (decreased) from 31.6 (8.3) to 15.3 (8.5). Improvements were also observed during OLT in each individual IHSS item and in FOSQ-10 and WPAI:SHP scores. Thirty-five (22.7%) participants discontinued during OLT and SDP, 22 (14.3%) due to treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) during OLT and SDP. The most frequent TEAEs in the first 4 weeks were nausea, headache, dizziness, and dry mouth; TEAE incidence decreased throughout OLT and SDP (weeks 1– 4, n = 87 [56.5%]; weeks 13– 16, n = 39 [31.7%]).Conclusion: During open-label treatment with LXB, participants showed clinically meaningful improvements in idiopathic hypersomnia symptoms and in quality of life and functional measures. TEAE incidence declined over LXB titration and optimization.Keywords: excessive daytime sleepiness, hypersomnolence, quality of life, pharmacotherapy

Coupling NH_3-SCR denitration and VOCs purification in flue gas treatment of typical industries such as waste incineration and steel smelting, developing multi-pollutants synergistic control theory and technology to collaboratively remove NO_x and VOCs is of great importance. It possesses important scientific significance, ecological and economic benefits. At present, the synergistic catalytice limination of NO_x and VOCs has attracted wide attentions, and relevant studies mainly focus on the catalytic performance of synergistic catalysts. These current studies are still preliminary. Further research efforts are needed to develop more effective synergistic catalyst and investigate the interaction mechanism of SCR and VOCs oxidation. The construction and regulation of the acid/redox dual-core active site of the synergistic catalyst, the understanding of the mechanism of the acid/redox dual-cycle reaction pathway, and the improvement of anti-poisoning ability of the catalyst are three key issues needed to be considered in the following researches. The first step to solve these key scientific problems is still to design and prepare catalysts with high activity, stability and anti-poisoning ability. The next step is to investigate the chemical composition and structural properties of the catalyst and illustrate the microchemical environment of dual-core sites. Further, the efficient synergistic mechanism of the catalytic process and the anti-poisoning effect of catalyst are to be studied by in situ technology and theoretical calculation. This review summarizes the current research progress of NO_x and VOCs synergic catalytic purification technology, proposes the technical bottleneck, analyzes the key scientific issues, and puts forward corresponded strategic solutions, aiming to shed light on developing multi-pollutant removal in future.

Background: This study aims to explore whether serum miR-185-5p levels are related to the injury severity and prognosis of traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: Serum miR-185-5p level was quantified in 120 TBI patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was used to grade the damage, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate the prognosis 3 months after TBI. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between serum miR-185-5p level and injury severity and prognosis, and the value of serum miR-185-5p level to assess injury severity and prognosis was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Serum miR-185-5p level in moderate and severe TBI patients was higher than in mild TBI patients, and serum miR-185-5p was closely related to GCS score and GOS score. Serum miR-185-5p level higher than 0.36 could distinguish patients with mild to moderate TBI injury, with 72.97% sensitivity and 97.62% specificity, while that higher than 0.43 had 46.34% sensitivity and 91.89% specificity to distinguish moderate to severe TBI patients. Moreover, serum miR-185-5p levels higher than 0.36, with a sensitivity of 96.30% and a specificity of 60.24%, distinguished the poor prognosis of TBI patients. Serum miR185-5p level was an independent predictor of poor prognosis in TBI patients after 3 months and was effective in discriminating adverse outcomes at 3 months. Conclusions: Serum miR-185-5p level was significantly correlated with 3-month injury and adverse prognosis in TBI patients, suggesting that serum miR-185-5p level may be a biomarker that provides supplementary prognostic information and can be used to identify the risk of adverse prognosis in TBI patients.

In order to consolidate the effect of classroom teaching and broaden students’ thinking, stimulate students’ interest in learning, avoid forgetting more and more, so that students actively explore knowledge. The author proposes an adaptive memory model based on Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve theory. Firstly, the relationship between the mathematical equation of memory curve and Ebbinghaus forgetting curve theory is introduced. Select the forgetting curve fitting function, and then define the adaptive memory model, the software divides the user’s initial cognition of words into three types: cognition, vagueness, and ignorance, the average memory times of these three types of content are counted separately, finally, the average memory times of the three types of content are comprehensively averaged, finally, a comparative experiment is carried out based on the intelligent memory model of the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve. The results show that while not affecting the memory effect, using the intelligent memory model, the number of memories is reduced by 37.12% compared with the New Oriental memory method, using the adaptive memory model reduces the number of memories by 43.35% compared to the New Oriental memory method. The experimental results show, the adaptive memory model further saves 6.31% of memory times compared to the intelligent memory model, not only has good adaptability to each user’s memory situation, it also further improves memory efficiency. From this it can be seen that, university ideological and political learning model based on the mathematical equation of statistical memory curve: The adaptive memory model has certain reliability and feasibility.