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Purposes For improving the mechanical properties of GO incorporated cement paste, two types of nano-silica (crystalline and amorphous) and coal-bearing metakaolin (CMK) were used seprately to improve GO dispersion in cement paste. Methods UV-vis spectrophotometry was used to investigate the effects of ultrasound time and different dosages of amorphous nano-silica (ANS) and crystalline nano-silica (CNS) on the dispersion of GO in saturated calcium hydroxide solution. The effects of different particle materials on GO dispersion were characterized by using compressive strength results. The dehydration and decomposition processes of various phases of hydration products were observed by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and the effect of adding different particle materials and GO on the pore structure of cement paste was analyzed by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Findings According to UV-vis spectroscopic study, when the contents of ANS and CNS were 2% and 1.5% by weight of cement, respectively, GO dispersion in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution is improved greatly. Compared with two nano-silicas, CMK is more effective to improve the compressive strength of GO incorporated cement paste. At the age of 28 d, the flexural strength and compressive strength of the cement paste incorporated with 4% CMK and 0.03% GO are 26.93% and 30.41%, respectively, higher than those of a plain cement paste sample. The results of TG and MIP tests showed that the pozzolanic reaction of CMK can effectively refine the pore structure of cement paste, improve GO dispersion, and enhance the bonding between hydration products and GO, which is the main reason why CMK can effectively improve the mechanical properties of GO incorporated cement paste.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the health performance of the Urban and Rural Residents Medical Insurance (URRMI) scheme in China and to make practical recommendations and scientific references for its full implementation in China.MethodsThis is a panel study that uses data from the China Family Panel Studies from 2018 to 2020, which is separated into treated and control groups each year, utilizing the key approach of propensity score matching and difference-in-difference (PSM-DID). Using 1-to-1 k-nearest neighbor matching, we proportionate the baseline data. Using difference-in-difference model, we examine the mean treatment impact of the outcome variables. Using a 500-time random sample regression model, we validate the robustness of the model estimation.ResultsThe result was credible after matching, minimizing discrepancies. Good overall performance of self-rated health with an average Hukou status of, respectively, 0.8 and 0.4 in the treated and control group, primarily in rural and urban regions separately. The participation of URRMI significantly impacted self-rated health of residents, with a 0.456-unit improvement probabilities observed (p

Oxidative stress is closely linked to tumor initiation and development, conferring a survival advantage to cancer cells. Therefore, understanding cancer cells’ antioxidant molecular mechanisms is crucial to cancer therapy. In this study, we discovered that H2O2-induced oxidative stress increased Nrf3 expression in colon cancer cells. Overexpression of Nrf3 decreased H2O2-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Furthermore, Nrf3 reduced reactive oxygen species levels and malondialdehyde concentrations after H2O2 treatment. Mechanistically, H2O2-mediated cell apoptosis involves multiple signaling proteins, including Akt, bcl-2, JNK, and p38. An increase in Nrf3 expression in colon cancer cells treated with H2O2 partly reversed Akt/Bcl-2 inhibition, whereas it decreased activation of p38 and JNK. In addition, we found that increasing Nrf3 decreased stress-associated chemical-induced cell death, resulting in drug resistance. According to these results, Nrf3 is critical for drug resistance and oxidant adaptation.

The research evaluated public libraries in Pakistan concerning their ICT resources, services and use of various ICT tools in service delivery. The research was quantitative and relied on a survey to collect the necessary data. The study’s population was all the public libraries in the country that were run by any department or directorate. A census-based survey was done to get information from the whole population. The data was collected from the heads of the libraries through questionnaire, and then it was analyzed with the help of SPSS version 23. The public libraries were governed by various bodies, and variations were also found in the nomenclature of the libraries’ heads. Most libraries’ heads were LIS professionals; however, many were operated by non-professional employees. Most libraries offered services like circulation, reference, orientation, open shelf and photocopying facilities. It was also identified that most libraries did not offer some common services such as document reservation services, OPAC, indexing and abstracting services, interlibrary loans, SDI and audiovisual services, scanning and CD/DVD writing facilities. Since this is the first study of its kind, its findings could prove useful to the government of Pakistan in improving public library services. In addition, it will fill a gap in the literature and direct researchers to investigate other facets of public libraries.

【Objective】 Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) measures the potential water loss from soils in terrestrial systems. It varies with a multitude of factors and can be calculated by different methods. In this paper, we compared ET0 calculated by five methods for regions with incomplete meteorological data across Gansu province in northwestern China. 【Method】 We divided the province into four regions: arid area in Hexi (Region I), semi-arid area in northern Longzhong (Region II), semi-humid area in southern Longzhong (Region III), and humid area in Longnan and Gannan (Region IV). The reference evapotranspiration in each region was calculated using the Hargreaves-Samani (Har), the FAO-24 Penman (24PM), the FAO 1948 Penman (48PM), the Makkink (Mak), and the Priestley Taylor (PT) methods, respectively. For each method, we calculated the daily ET0 based on data measured from 1980 to 2019 from 26 meteorological stations across the province. The accuracy and robustness of each method for each region was tested against that estimated using the FAO-56 penman Monteith (P-M) method. 【Result】 ET0 calculated from different methods varied, though the variation depended on region. The results calculated from the Har and Mak methods were correlated with that from the P-M method with the correlation coefficients close to unity, despite that the Har method was less accurate for high altitude regions. The results estimated by the 48PM and 24PM methods were both greater than the ET0 calculated by P-M method. The accuracy of the five simplified methods for estimating ET0 was ranked in the order of Mak > Har >48PM > 24PM > PT for Region I, and Har >Mak> 48PM > 24PM >PT for other three regions. 【Conclusion】 For regions that are lack of meteorological data, the Mak method was the best alternative for estimating ET0 in Region I, while the Har method worked better for other regions in Gansu province.

Objective: In order to solve the problem of poor stability, high cost and small gas flow of ternary gas mixing equipment. Methods: A ternary gas mixing system based on the ideal gas law and Dalton's law of partial pressure was proposed, and the system calculated errors and adjusted parameters by the designed algorithm, and adopted the connection of cylinder, sensor and so on. Results: After adjusting the mixing according to the relative deviation, the average relative deviation of the gas concentration of CO2 and O2 was 0.86% and 0.75% respectively, and the gas concentration accuracy met the technical requirements of ＜1%, and the high-precision gas mixing of the ternary gas can be better achieved. Conclusion: The system can realize rapid and stepless regulation of ternary gas, and high-precision continuous mixing.

Objective To evaluate the detailed nursing management in nosocomial infection control in the operation room. Methods Totally 70 patients undergoing surgical treatment were divided into the observation group (n=35) and control group (n=35) according to the admission sequence number. Patients in both control and observation received routing nursing management during the hospitalization period, and those in the observation group were given detailed nursing management. The rates of nosocomial infection and postoperative complications among patients were observed. The patient statifacion was evaluated by using a self-made questionnaire. The outcomes of theoretical knowledge and practice skills assessment among nurses were analyzed. Results There were three cases of nosocomial infection reported in the control group. The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). The score of patient satisfaction assessment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). The scores of theoretical knowledge and practice skills assessment among nurses in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0. 01). Conclusion The detailed nursing management is an effective tool for reducing risk of nosocomial infection and postoperative complications. The detailed nursing management represents a good opportunity for nurses to grow their knowledge and nursing skills, therefore improving the quality of specialized care. (目的 探讨手术室细节护理管理在医院感染控制中的应用效果。方法 选取行外科手术治疗的70例患者为研究对象, 根据入院顺序分为观察组和对照组, 各35例。对照组实施常规护理, 观察组在对照组基础上实施细节护理管理。统计两组院内感染和术后并发生情况, 采用自制量表评估患者满意度, 根据考核结果评价护理人员理论知识与实践操作水平。结果 对照组发生3例院内感染, 观察组无院内感染。观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组患者护理满意度评分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。考核评价结果显示, 观察组护理人员理论知识与实践操作评分较对照组护理人员提高, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 落实细节护理管理能有效降低手术患者院内感染和并发症发生风险, 提升患者满意度。同时, 落实护理管理对提升手术室护士技能和专科护理质量具有积极意义。)

Medical protective face mask is an essential protective material for infection control and prevention and ensuring public health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Based on the analysis of technical specification and related interpretation on medical protective mask at home and aboard , this paper summarized the classification and usage of medical protective mask, and provide references for establishment of standardized process for using medical protective mask. (新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控期间, 医用防护口罩是防止病毒感染、保护人群健康安全必不可缺的防护物资。本文根据国内外防护口罩技术规范及解读, 对防护口罩的分类和使用方法进行了初步的总结, 以期为进一步规范防护口罩使用方法提供参考。)

The HDR ultra - low carbon duplex stainless steel forked joint could crack and fail during wire cutting and machining. In this paper, the causes of the above - mentioned cracking were comprehensively analyzed by means of crack macroscopic morphology analysis, analysis on the fracture of impact test sample, chemical composition analysis of substrate, mechanical property testing of cracked area, metallographic structure analysis, fracture microscopic morphology analysis, micro - area energy spectrum analysis and other items. Results showed that the reason for the cracking of HDR forked joint was that the cooling speed of HDR material was too low in the process of solution heat treatment, so a large number of σ phases precipitated at the grain boundaries in the microstructure. The σ phases were brittle, which made the HDR material suffer a sharp decrease in plasticity and toughness, and then cracked in the process of wire cutting and machining.

Cheng-Hsiu Lu,1– 3 Yi-An Chen,4,5 Chien-Chih Ke,6– 8 Sain-Jhih Chiu,5 Fong-Shya Jeng,5 Chao-Cheng Chen,4 Ya-Ju Hsieh,6– 8 Bang-Hung Yang,4,9 Chi-Wei Chang,9 Feng-Sheng Wang,2,3,10,11 Ren-Shyan Liu1,4,9,12 1Industrial Ph.D. Program of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Core Facility for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 3Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 4Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 7Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 8Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 9PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 10Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 11Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 12Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanCorrespondence: Chien-Chih Ke; Ren-Shyan Liu Email ccke@kmu.edu.tw; rsliuvgh@gmail.comIntroduction: Osteoporosis is a result of an imbalance in bone remodeling. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been considered as a potentially promising treatment for osteoporosis. However, the therapeutic effect, genetic alterations, and in vivo behavior of exogenous EVs for osteoporosis in mice models remain poorly understood.Methods: A multiplexed molecular imaging strategy was constructed by micro-positron emission tomography (μPET)/computed tomography (CT), μCT, and optical imaging modality which reflected the osteoblastic activity, microstructure, and in vivo behavior of EVs, respectively. RNA sequencing was used to analyze the cargo of EVs, and the bone tissues of ovariectomized (OVX) mice post EV treatment.Results: The result of [18F]NaF μPET showed an increase in osteoblastic activity in the distal femur of EV-treated mice, and the bone structural parameters derived from μCT were also improved. In terms of in vivo behavior of exogenous EVs, fluorescent dye-labeled EVs could target the distal femur of mice, whereas the uptakes of bone tissues were not significantly different between OVX mice and healthy mice. RNA sequencing demonstrated upregulation of ECM-related genes, which might associate with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, in line with the results of microRNA analysis showing that mir-21, mir-29, mir-221, and let-7a were enriched in Wharton’s jelly-MSC-EVs and correlated to the BMP and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of exogenous WJ-MSC-EVs in the treatment of osteoporosis was successfully assessed by a multiplexed molecular imaging strategy. The RNA sequencing demonstrated the possible molecular targets in the regulation of bone remodeling. The results highlight the novelty of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of EV-based treatment for osteoporosis.Keywords: Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, osteoporosis, [18F]NaF, RNA sequencing

Shu-Hui Sun,1 Chia-Hsuin Chang,2– 4 Zhe-Wei Zhan,5 Wen-Hsuan Chang,5 Yu-An Chen,6 Yaa-Hui Dong5– 7 1Department of Pharmacy, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Banciao, New Taipei City, Taiwan; 2Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; 6Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; 7Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, TaiwanCorrespondence: Yaa-Hui DongDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, Sec 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, TaiwanTel +886-2-28267986Fax +886-2-28237929Email yaahuidong@gmail.comBackground: Several observational studies have found that statins may materially decrease the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. However, most of these studies used a prevalent user, non-user comparison approach, which may lead to overestimation of the clinical benefits of statins. We aimed to explore the risk of COPD exacerbations associated with statins with a new user, active comparison approach to address potential methodological concerns. We selected fibrates, another class of lipid-lowering agents, as the reference group because no evidence suggests that fibrates have an effect on COPD exacerbations.Methods: We identified patients with COPD who initiated statins or fibrates from a nationwide Taiwanese database. Patients were followed from cohort entry to the earliest of the following: hospitalization for COPD exacerbations, death, end of the data, or 180 days after cohort entry. Stratified Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of COPD exacerbations comparing statins with fibrates after variable-ratio propensity score (PS) matching and high-dimensional PS (hd-PS) matching, respectively.Results: We identified a total of 134,909 eligible patients (110,726 initiated statins; 24,183 initiated fibrates); 1979 experienced COPD exacerbations during follow-up. The HRs were 1.10 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.26) after PS matching and 1.08 (95% CI, 0.94 to 1.24) after hd-PS matching. The results did not differ materially by type of statins and patient characteristic and did not change with longer follow-up durations.Conclusion: This large-scale, population-based cohort study did not show that use of statins was associated with a reduced risk of acute exacerbations in patients with COPD using state-of-the-art pharmacoepidemiologic approaches. The findings emphasize the importance of applying appropriate methodology in exploring statin effectiveness in real-world settings.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, statins, acute exacerbations, cohort study, new users, active comparison, high-dimensional propensity score

Cheng-Chen Chang, 1, 2,* Wen-Fu Wang, 3, 4,* Yi-Ying Li, 5,* Yu-An Chen, 1 Yen-Jen Chen, 1 Yi-Cheng Liao, 1 Kai-Ming Jhang, 3 Hsin-Hung Wu 5– 7 1Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 2School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 4Department of Holistic Wellness, Ming Dao University, Changhua, Taiwan; 5Department of Business Administration, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan; 6Department of M-Commerce and Multimedia Applications, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 7Faculty of Education, State University of Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hsin-Hung Wu Email hhwu@cc.ncue.edu.twPurpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the caring scenarios that result in severe depression in caregivers caring for dementia patients.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 1111 dementia patients and their caregivers in Taiwan from October 2015 to January 2020 was conducted. Gender, age, type of dementia, clinical dementia rating, walking ability, mood symptoms, behavioral symptoms, and psychological symptoms were the variables from the dementia patients. Age, relation to the patient, employment, type of primary care, frequency of care, mood symptoms, and the score from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were the variables from the caregivers. A comprehensive viewpoint of both dementia patients and their caregivers was evaluated by the Apriori algorithm to find the attributes resulting in different caregiving depressions.Results: Forty-seven rules were found with 18 rules of mild depressive symptomatology, 17 rules of moderate depressive symptomatology, and 12 rules of severe depressive symptomatology. A total of 7 general rules were summarized to be the severe depressive symptomatology. The results showed that an unemployed or retired caregiver with the mood symptoms such as helplessness, anger, emotional liability, or anxiety who took care of AD patients or AD patients with a moderate severity would have severe depression. Increased care frequencies (≥ 6 days per week) and multiple mood problems from caregivers result in severe depression. The composition of adult children, patients’ aggression, and caregivers’ helplessness as well as the combinations of male patients aged 75– 84 years with the caregiver’s mood of helplessness or nervousness and hopelessness were highly associated with severe depression.Conclusion: For those caring for AD patients, severe depression was associated with the combination of different parameters to constitute each of these seven scenarios. Unlike previous studies which often evaluated one or two variables related to caregiver’s depression, this study provided a more comprehensive viewpoint that enabled the collaborative team to efficiently identify and manage different scenarios by summarizing the rules of caregivers with severe depression from a systematic viewpoint.Keywords: patient with dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, caregiver, caregiver’s mood, depressive symptomatology, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, caring scenario, Apriori algorithm

Tumors provide materials and energy for themselves through glucose metabolic reprogramming to meet the needs of their rapid growth. Studies have shown that a variety of metabolic enzymes and signal molecules involved in glucose metabolism play an important role in tumorigenesis and development, and are considered to be important targets for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. The detection technology based on tumor glucose metabolism has been widely used in basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumor. This paper summarizes the characteristics, driving factors and key regulatory targets of tumor glucose metabolism, and the detection techniques and functions of tumor glucose metabolism from the aspects of basic medical research and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Self-determination is a complex process with several components, such as making choices and independence. However, limited research on self-determination has focused on individuals with moderate to severe autism spectrum disorder. This study aimed to support independent leisure engagement and choice-making of leisure activities for this population by using a visual support intervention package, including the use of a visual activity schedule, video modeling, structured environment, preference assessment, and prompt procedures. The study used a single case research multiple baseline probe design to test the effectiveness of the intervention on three adults with autism spectrum disorder. Findings showed that implementing the visual support package was effective in promoting independent leisure engagement and facilitating choice-making of leisure activities. The study highlights the need for and advantages of incorporating video modeling and preference assessment into the visual activity schedule for this particular population.

Yu-An Chen,1,* Cheng-Chen Chang,1,2,* Wen-Fu Wang,3,4,* Ya-Sian Lin,5 Kai-Ming Jhang,3 Tzu-Ying Lo,5 Hsin-Hung Wu5– 7 1Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 2School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; 4Department of Holistic Wellness, Ming Dao University, Changhua, Taiwan; 5Department of Business Administration, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan; 6Department of M-Commerce and Multimedia Applications, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 7Faculty of Education, State University of Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hsin-Hung WuNational Changhua University of Education, No. 2 Shida Road, Changhua City, 500, TaiwanTel +886 4 7232105 ext. 7412Fax +886 4-7211292Email hhwu@cc.ncue.edu.twPurpose: This study examined the attributes causing higher burdens for caregivers caring for female patients with Alzheimer’s disease by analyzing a combination of various variables, including demographic data, dementia severity, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.Patients and Methods: This study included 99 female patients with Alzheimer’s disease who were cared for by the dementia collaborative care team at Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan. Neuropsychiatric symptoms used in this study included affections (9 types), behavior symptoms (9 symptoms), and psychological symptoms (3 symptoms). The Apriori algorithm was employed to identify association rules that reveal the relationships among demographic data, dementia severity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and caregivers’ burden.Results: A total of 185 rules were determined, including 51 rules with little or no burden, 108 rules with mild to moderate burden, and 26 rules with moderate to severe burden. The major findings are as follows. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were associated with varying degrees of caregivers’ burden among female patients aged 75 to 84 years with mild dementia. Crying spells and aggression were specifically associated with a moderate to severe burden. Delusion was associated with a mild to moderate and moderate to severe burden. Dysthymia and depression were associated with little or no burden to moderate to severe burden.Conclusion: Clinicians can provide early interventions to reduce the burden of caregivers caring for female patients with Alzheimer’s disease and can refer caregivers for timely assistance to reduce their burden.Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, female patients, female patients with Alzheimer’s disease, neuropsychiatric symptom, Apriori algorithm, caregiving burden

Focusing on the influence of notch on the multiaxial fatigue performance of material, the proportional multiaxial fatigue test was carried out on 7075-T651 aluminum alloy thin-walled notched specimens with variable equivalent stress amplitude. The digital image correlation technique was used to characterize and analyze the critical plane angle. The results show that with the increase of the equivalent stress amplitude, the multiaxial fatigue life of the specimen decreases, and the maximum axial, torsional and shear engineering strains near the notch increase. Under different loading conditions, the strain concentration near the notch increases with the increase of loading cycles. The process of strain change near the notch can be divided into crack initiation, crack growth and instantaneous fracture stages. By introducing the critical plane angle and the maximum positive strain on it, a modified SWT model is proposed. Fine life prediction results are obtained by the modified model with all predicted data in the two scatter bands.

Molybdenum disulfide/reduced graphene(MoS2/RGO) composite catalyst was synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method in order to improve the catalytic activity and stability. X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and rotating disk electrode were used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst. The results show that the molybdenum disulfide compound with graphene has pear-shaped structure with few layers, and the layer spacing increases which is uniformly attached to the thin layer of graphene. The oxygen reduction process of molybdenum disulfide catalyst is mainly carried out in two-electron path, while MoS2/RGO composite catalyst can play a synergistic catalytic role in oxygen reduction process and the average number of electron transfer in the process is 3.58. The current density retention rate of the composite catalyst after 20000 s is up to 89.7%.

The metal surface anti-corrosion technology has always been the focus of attention in the field of industrial engineering. With the advancement of science and technology and the consideration of environmental protection, its green environmental protection requirements have gradually become one of the important indicators of the current metal surface anti-corrosion technology. In this paper, in order to study the research progress of green anti-corrosion coating technology on metal surface in recent years, based on a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the classification, characteristics and application of membrane technology and anti-corrosion mechanism of three typical new technologies in metal surface anti-corrosion coating, i.e. self-assembled monolayers(SAMs) technology, corrosion inhibitor and molecular sieve membrane technology were reviewed. At the same time, other feasible green anti-corrosion coating technologies such as coating additives and graphene coatings and the developing trend of self-assembled monolayers, corrosion inhibitor and molecular sieve membrane technology in system construction, process optimization and composite coating design and etc are pointed out.

Zhe-Wei Zhan,1 Yu-An Chen,1,2 Yaa-Hui Dong1,2 1Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; 2Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, TaiwanCorrespondence: Yaa-Hui DongFaculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 112, TaiwanTel +886 2-28267986Fax +886 2-28237829Email yaahuidong@gmail.comPurpose: Multiple studies have suggested that comorbidities pose negative impacts on the survival of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); few have applied comorbidity measures driven from health insurance claims databases to predict various health outcomes. We aimed to examine the performance of commonly used comorbidity measures based on diagnosis and pharmacy dispensing claims information in predicting future death and hospitalization in COPD patients.Methods: We identified COPD patients in a population-based Taiwanese database. We built logistic regression models with age, sex, and baseline comorbidities measured by either diagnosis or pharmacy claims information as predictors of subsequent-year death or hospitalization in a random 50% sample and validated the discrimination in the other 50%. The diagnosis-based comorbidity measures included the Charlson Index and the Elixhauser comorbidity measure; the pharmacy-based comorbidity measures included the updated Chronic Disease Score (CDS) and the Pharmacy-Based Comorbidity Index (PBDI).Results: We identified 428,251 eligible patients. For overall death, the Elixhauser comorbidity measure showed the best predictive performance (c-statistic=0.832), followed by the PBDI (c-statistic=0.822), the Charlson Index (c-statistic=0.815), and the updated CDS (c-statistic=0.808). For overall hospitalization, the PBDI (c-statistics=0.730) and the Elixhauser comorbidity measure (c-statistics=0.724) outperformed the updated CDS (c-statistics=0.714) and the Charlson Index (c-statistics=0.710). For hospitalization due to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or respiratory diseases, the comorbidity models showed similar predictive ranks and demonstrated c-statistics higher than 0.75. However, none of the models could adequately predict hospitalization due to other reasons (c-statistics < 0.60).Conclusion: Our study comprehensively compared the predictive performance of comorbidity measures. The Elixhauser comorbidity measure and the PBDI are useful tools for describing comorbid conditions and predicting health outcomes in COPD patients.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diagnosis-based comorbidity measures, pharmacy-based comorbidity measures, health outcomes, health insurance claims database

The article looks at two dances by Hong Kong choreographer Helen Lai, HerStory and Tales of Two Cities, within the theoretic framework of hybrid nativism and postcolonial subjectivity, which constitute the essence of Hong Kong identity and cultural vitality. Lai’s choreographic strategies, through the tactics of intertexuality, polyphonic narrative lines and fluid subjectivities, vividly echo such postcolonial sensibility and cosmopolitan sophistication. Yet, the harsh political measures exercised by Beijing and the Hong Kong SAR government since the Anti-Extradition Movement in 2019 not only jeopardize the future of this cosmopolis of world finance, but would also mutilate its cultural vitality and artistic freedom.

Objective To investigate the association between sperm-associated antigen 6 (SPAG6) expression level and the clinical parameters of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and explore how SPAG6 gene promoter methylation status regulates SPAG6 transcription. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were collected from 18 patients with MDS or MDS-acute myeloid leukemia (MDS-AML) and 20 healthy control subjects for detection of SPAG6 expression using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The methylation status of SPAG6 promoter in patients with MDS and the healthy controls was assessed using methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR). The correlation of SPAG6 promoter methylation status and SPAG6 expression level with the clinical parameters of patients were analyzed. Results Compared with the healthy control subjects, the patients with MDS showed significantly increased expression levels of SPAG6 in the BMMNCs with significant abnormal hypomethylation in SPAG6 gene promoter region (P < 0.01). In the patients with MDS, the expression level of SPAG6 in the BMMNCs was significantly correlated with the patients' age, bone marrow blast cell ratio and risk stratification (P < 0.05) but not with the patients' gender (P>0.05). The abnormal hypomethylation of SPAG6 gene promoter was significantly correlated with age and disease risk stratification (P < 0.05) but not with gender or bone marrow blast cell ratio (P>0.05). Conclusion SPAG6 is highly expressed in the BMMNCs of patients with MDS, which is associated with the occurrence, progression and a poor prognosis of the disease. Epigenetic regulation can be an important mechanism for transcriptional regulation of SPAG6.

The metal surface anti-corrosion technology has always been the focus of attention in the field of industrial engineering. With the advancement of science and technology and the consideration of environmental protection, its green environmental protection requirements have gradually become one of the important indicators of the current metal surface anti-corrosion technology. In this paper, in order to study the research progress of green anti-corrosion coating technology on metal surface in recent years, based on a large number of domestic and foreign literatures, the classification, characteristics and application of membrane technology and anti-corrosion mechanism of three typical new technologies in metal surface anti-corrosion coating, i.e. self-assembled monolayers(SAMs) technology, corrosion inhibitor and molecular sieve membrane technology were reviewed. At the same time, other feasible green anti-corrosion coating technologies such as coating additives and graphene coatings and the developing trend of self-assembled monolayers, corrosion inhibitor and molecular sieve membrane technology in system construction, process optimization and composite coating design and etc are pointed out.

According to the load characteristics and speed regulation characteristics of the engine,the steady-state torque model is established and the optimum power and economy curves of engine are determined. Then the engine target speed is obtained by using the economic weighting coefficient method. The power transmission system is simplified into a double rotating mass model. Through mathematical model of the whole vehicle,the physical model is established by using Simulink,and a speed ratio fuzzy control method based on the speed regulation characteristic of engine is proposed,then the starting condition,braking condition and circulating condition are simulated respectively. The simulation results show that the following effect of actual speed ratio to target speed ratio can be realized well. It shows that the speed ratio fuzzy control method based on the characteristics of engine speed regulation can be well applied to speed ratio control.

Objective To analyze and summarize the practical experience and prognosis of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in the resuscitation of cardiac arrest patients. Methods The clinical data of ECPR patients rescued by our extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) team (including departments of cardiothoracic surgery, emergency, cardiology, anesthesiology and intensive care medicine) from January 2012 to December 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The components of our ECPR team, team cooperation, survival rate and complications were analyzed. Results The 13 ECPR patients were 8 males and 5 females, at an age of 16~69 (median age 44) years. Their primary diseases include acute myocardial infarction, fulminant myocarditis, postoperative surgery, and so on. All the 13 patients underwent V-A ECMO model of femoral arteriovenous intubation. The operation time from cardiac arrest to ECMO establishment was only 26 to 83 (median time 46) min, and the time of ECMO support was 27 to 189 (median time 111) h. The time from ECMO weaning to discharge was 0~21 (median time 7) d. Seven patients were successfully weaned, and 4 were discharged alive. Incision bleeding occurred in 3(23.08%) patients. Five (38.46%) patients had acute renal failure, 1 patient (7.69%) brain death, 2(15.38%) patients with pulmonary infection, 1(7.69%) patient with cardiac tamponade, 1(7.69%) patient with slight limp, and 3(23.08%) patients suffered from multiple organ failure. No complication of amputation or limb ischemia necrosis occurred. Conclusion Skilled and effective teamwork of ECMO and CPR teams, and prompt and rapid initiation of ECPR after cardiac arrest are important factors to ensure the success rate of ECPR treatment.

Tension-torsion fatigue tests with different loading conditions were carried out on 7075-T651 aluminum alloy thin-walled tubular specimens aiming at studying multiaxial fatigue failure of aviation aluminum alloy. With the decrease of equivalent stress amplitude, the multiaxial fatigue life increases. Under the same equivalent stress, the multiaxial fatigue life is prolonged as the stress amplitude ratio augments while the tension-torsion phase has little effect on fatigue life. Under high stress amplitude, the materials are mainly softened in the axial and torsional directions while the hardening and softening alternately occur under the low stress amplitude. The platform area of macro fracture decreases with the increase of stress amplitude ratio. The microscopic fracture exhibits the multiple crack sources outside the wall of the tube. Fatigue striations and secondary cracks can be observed in the crack propagation region. Mixed mode dimples appear in the instantaneous fracture region. Based on Basquin's criteria, a modified model was proposed, and fine life prediction results were obtained, with the life prediction values in 2X scatter bands.

To improve the surface properties of 20 steel, the chromium element was alloyed on 20 steel by high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) with pre-coating to obtain a high quality of alloyed layers.Microstructure and properties of the alloying layer were studied by means of XRD, OM, SEM, TEM and multi-purpose microcomputer electrochemistry analyzer. The results show that, after HCPEB alloying, the formation of an alloyed layer with the depth of about 4-6μm on the surface is observed. The solid solution and diffusion of Cr element occurs on the surface of the substrate.Bending and granulating occur on part of cementite under bending stress induced by HCPEB irradiation, the C atoms generated by the dissolution of the cementite combine with the chromium to form a small amount of nanograined carbide Cr23C6. After HCPEB alloying, the surface microhardness increases by 35% and corrosion current density reduces one order of magnitude than original sample.

The crack initiation and propagation of 7A04 aluminum alloy in 3.5%NaCl solution at pH=1,4,7,12 during slow strain rate test (SSRT) were investigated by the method of combining phase shift with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The feasibility of the method was verified by electrochemical noise (EN). The results show that the more corrosive the solution is, the susceptibility of the 7A04 aluminum alloy to stress corrosion cracking is greater;in the solution at pH=1,the phase shift method shows that crack initiates at 1h and propagates at 4.5h,and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in situ method shows the crack initiation and propagation are discontinuous,and in stages;the EN results show that the crack initiation occurs at a certain moment among 3000-5000s and propagates obviously at a certain moment among 13500-22500s accompanying with obvious periodical current and potential noise peaks.

Clamping force control is one of the key technologies of metal V-belt Continuously Variable Transmission（ CVT） control. The absolute safety coefficient method can guarantee the minimum system clamping force of no-load,but its clamping force margin is too large compared with traditional method. In order to reduce system clamping force,the clamping force fuzzy calculation method is proposed on the basis of absolute safety coefficient method. The mathematical model and simulation model of engine,CVT and vehicle are established,and the simulation test of starting condition,rapid acceleration condition,rapid deceleration condition and cycle condition show that the clamping force average decrease of about 5% and the fuel economy of complete vehicle through the fuzzy calculation of clamping force is improved.

C23H22N2O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 17.7478(4) Å, b = 10.0041(2) Å, c = 24.4749(6) Å, β = 111.111(2)°, V = 4053.88(17) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0614, wRref(F2) = 0.1749, T = 290 K.

C67H49Cl3N6O18, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 12.3281(4) Å, b = 15.8887(5) Å, c = 16.9037(6) Å, α = 89.015(2)°, β = 77.885(3)°, γ = 72.021(3)°, V = 3075.20(19) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0658, wRref(F2) = 0.1558, T = 291.2(3) K.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by powder metallurgy route, including in-situ chemical vapor deposition synthesis and ball-milling process. The effect of ball-milling process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Al composites was investigated. The results show that the best tensile properties of CNT/Al composites can be achieved without adding any process control agent; with the increment of milling time, CNTs are gradually embedded into Al matrix and the composite microstructure becomes more dense and uniform. The hardness and tensile strength of CNT/Al composites continuously increase with the increase of milling time; however, the elongation firstly increases and then decreases. The composites after 90min of milling show a good balance between strength and ductility, and the hardness and tensile strength of which is 1.4 and 1.7 times higher than that of pure Al respectively, with elongation of 17.9%.

The multiaxial fatigue behavior of 2A12 aluminum alloy was studied with SDN100/1000 electro-hydraulic servo tension-torsion fatigue tester under different stress amplitude ratios, the fracture morphology and the fatigue loading curve were observed to study the failure mechanism. The results show that, under the one stage loading condition, the fatigue life prolongs with the stress amplitude ratio increasing. Under pure torsion loading, smooth and even area exists in the fracture surface. As the stress amplitude ratio increases, the number of scratch reduces, the fatigue striation and some special morphology such as the fishbone pattern, scale pattern and honeycomb pattern can be observed; under cumulative paths of different stress amplitude ratios, the variation of multiaxial fatigue life changes with first stage loading cycles; under cumulative paths of high-low stress amplitude ratio, the cycle hardening occurs obviously in the axial direction for the first stage high stress amplitude ratio loading and 2A12 alloy shows training effect.

The multiaxial fatigue behavior of 2A12 aluminum alloy was studied with SDN100/1000 electro-hydraulic servo tension-torsion fatigue tester under multiple variables, and the failure mechanism was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that under the loading condition of equivalent stress, the fatigue life decreases with the increase of phase angle. For the phase angle 0°, some special features can be observed in the crack initial zone, such as the tire pattern,fishbone pattern and stalactite pattern. There are secondary cracks and vague fatigue striations in the crack propagation zone; the multiaxial fatigue life decreases with the change of mean stress for tension or torsion. Some white flocculent oxides can be found in the crack initiation zone, and secondary crack as well as shear-type elongated dimples in the instantaneous fracture zone; facing different loading waveforms, the multiaxial life of sine wave is the longest, triangle wave in the second place, and the square wave is the shortest, under the loading condition of equivalent stress, square wave leads to the maximum structural energy dissipation. Under the low and high two step loading, 2A12 shows training effect.

C14H12N4O2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 18.4206(15) Å, b = 8.8283(7) Å, c = 17.0215(14) Å, β = 110.253(4)°, V = 2596.9(4) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0715, wRref(F2) = 0.2072, T = 298 K.

C18H14N4O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.6557(7) Å, b = 11.0905(8) Å, c = 11.3544(9) Å, α = 61.6430(10)°, β = 73.600(2)°, γ = 75.397(2)°, V = 805.86(11) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0609, wRref(F2) = 0.1633, T = 298 K.

C21H21N3O4S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.4256(9) Å, b = 10.1906(9) Å, c = 11.6539(9) Å, α = 101.896(7)°, β = 104.770(8)°, γ = 93.271(8)°, V = 1052.01(16) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0469, wRref(F2) = 0.1354, T = 293(2) K.