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172 results on '"Cheng, Kian-Kai"'

16. EFFECTS OF PRE-TREATMENT ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CAPSICUM ANNUM L. WHEN DRYING BY VACUUM TRAY DRYER AND STORAGE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

Author

Othman, Norzalina, primary, Mohd Ropi, Nur Amalina, additional, Mohamad Azam, Zaheda, additional, Rosli, Mohammad Azzuan, additional, Abd Rashid, Siti Nor Azlina, additional, Sarobo, Zulaikha, additional, Sarmidi, Mohamad Roji, additional, Cheng, Kian Kai, additional, and Zolkopli, Noor Aziela Hanim, additional

Published
2022
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22. Amelioration of Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Induced Insulin Resistance in Differentiated 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Inhibition of NF-κB Pathways

Author

Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar, Mohamad Roji Sarmidi, Cheng Kian Kai, Hasniza Zaman Huri, and Harisun Yaakob

Subjects
adipocytes, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, celastrol, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

A growing body of evidence suggests that activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways is among the inflammatory mechanism involved in the development of insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissues derived from obese animal and human subjects. Nevertheless, little is known about the roles of NF-κB pathways in regulating mitochondrial function of the adipose tissues. In the present study, we sought to investigate the direct effects of celastrol (potent NF-κB inhibitor) upon mitochondrial dysfunction-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Celastrol ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction by altering mitochondrial fusion and fission in adipocytes. The levels of oxidative DNA damage, protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation were down-regulated. Further, the morphology and quantification of intracellular lipid droplets revealed the decrease of intracellular lipid accumulation with reduced lipolysis. Moreover, massive production of the pro-inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were markedly depleted. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake activity was restored with the enhancement of insulin signaling pathways. This study signified that the treatments modulated towards knockdown of NF-κB transcription factor may counteract these metabolic insults exacerbated in our model of synergy between mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. These results demonstrate for the first time that NF-κB inhibition modulates mitochondrial dysfunction induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Published
2014
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27. Effect of Different Types of Fertilizer Application on the Soil Fertility of Oil Palm Reclamation Soil under Polyculture System

Author

Mohd Helmi Nadri, Nor Zalina Othman, Ong Pei Ying, Norfakhrina Mohd Noor, Nur Amalina Mohd Ropi, Cheng Kian Kai, and Leong Hong Yeng

Subjects
Animal science, Soil test, Chemistry, Soil organic matter, Soil pH, engineering, Soil carbon, Fertilizer, Soil fertility, engineering.material, Organic fertilizer, Water content
Abstract

To evaluate the effect of different fertilizer application on soil fertility under polyculture cropping system (okra, water spinach and yard long bean), a field experiment was conducted in the oil palm reclamation soil at the research farm in ICA UTM-Pagoh. There were five treatments involved which were: (T1) no fertilizer, (T2) organic fertilizer, (T3) inorganic fertilizer, (T4) organic inorganic compound fertilizer and (T5) organic + inorganic fertilizer. The initial and final soil samples were collected to study the effect of different types of commercial fertilizer application on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture content, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, soil organic matter (SOM), bulk density and nutrients (P and K) contents in the soil surface layer (0–15 cm) of the experimented site for 14 weeks. Results showed that the soil pH was the lowest with an average of 6.05 units in T5 and was significantly higher in T1 (8.23 units). The EC value in T5 is the highest with 172.4 ds/m and lowest in T1 with an average of 25.5 ds/m. T5 showed the highest soil moisture and soil organic matter with 15.81% and 4.01% respectively. The combine application of organic and inorganic fertilizers has increased SOC and TN values compared with the T1 (control) specifically, which resulted in 3.7% and 0.33% of SOC and TN concentrations, respectively (). Bulk density showed no significant different among all the treatment with the highest value was in T4 (1.22g/cm3) and lowest in T3(1.05g/cm3). The average amounts of C/N ratio ranged from 11.11 to 13.60 between all treatments with the highest ratio in T4 (13.6). The average P and K contents were highest in T5 (1564.7 mg/kg and 1056.2 mg/kg). Thus, it showed that the application with the mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizer (T5) improved the soil condition.

Published
2020

48. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a central event for mechanisms underlying insulin resistance: the roles of long chain fatty acids

Author

Cheng Kian Kai, Wan Najihah Wan Hassan, Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar, Harisun Yaakob, Hasniza Zaman Huri, and Mohamad Roji Sarmidi

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Adipose tissue, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Inflammation, Type 2 diabetes, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, Lipotoxicity, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, medicine.symptom, Oxidative stress
Abstract

Insulin resistance is characterized by hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress prior to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. To date, a number of mechanisms have been proposed to link these syndromes together, but it remains unclear what the unifying condition that triggered these events in the progression of this metabolic disease. There have been a steady accumulation of data in numerous experimental studies showing the strong correlations between mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and insulin resistance. In addition, a growing number of studies suggest that the raised plasma free fatty acid level induced insulin resistance with the significant alteration of oxidative metabolism in various target tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue. In this review, we herein propose the idea of long chain fatty acid-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions as one of the key events in the pathophysiological development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species, lipotoxicity, inflammation-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and alterations of mitochondrial gene subset expressions are the most detrimental that lead to the developments of aberrant intracellular insulin signalling activity in a number of peripheral tissues, thereby leading to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Published
2014

49. Prebiotic Effects of Extracts from Pineapple and Curcuma xanthorrhizaRhizomes towards the Growth of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei

Author

Mashudin, Mirdawati, Hasham, Rosnani, Cheng, Kian Kai, Leong, Hong Yeng, Othman, Nor Zalina, Shadan, Nur Hidayah, Abd Malik, Salimah, and Mohd Hamzah, Mohd Amir Asyraf

Abstract

For the past few decades, plant derivatives have much been patronized in multiethnic Malaysia as traditional and complimentary medicines. Plant extracts and their phytochemical compounds have shown remarkable positive impacts on probiotics in gut. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of several plant extracts and their phytochemical compounds on the growth of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei(L. paracasei). Pineapple juice, pineapple waste extract, Curcuma xanthorrhizaextract, mixture of pineapple juice and Curcuma xanthorrhizaextract, inulin and mixture of inulin and bromelain were supplemented to liquid media and tested on L. paracaseiat the shake flask scale for cell density, pH, postbiotic metabolites and bioactivities. Among the four extracts tested, Curcuma xanthorrhizaextract exhibited the highest cell density (1.7532) and proteolytic (12.012 U/mL), along with the lowest pH. Pineapple juice also showed a lowest pH value (5.685). The mixture extract demonstrated the highest lactic acid production (538.812% v/v), phenolics (222.494 ppm) and antioxidative capacity (IC502.3347). Saccharide utilization was observed for all supplemented media after an 8 hours fermentation process, exceeding 85%. The findings demonstrated that all plant extracts stimulated L. paracaseigrowth and exhibited prebiotic properties, suggesting their potential commercialization as new functional foods and beverages.

Published
2024
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