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196 results on '"Cheng, L.-Y."'

4. IDENTIFICATION OF GINSENG (PANAX GINSENG C. A. MAYER) CONTINUOUS CROPPING OBSTACLE RESPONSIVE MIRNAS AND THEIR TARGET GENES.

Author

SHEN, Y. L., CHENG, L. Y., ZHANG, T., LI, Q., ZHAN, Y., YAN, N., WANG, E. P., and CHEN, C. B.

Subjects
GINSENG, MICRORNA, NON-coding RNA, CELLULAR signal transduction, CROPS
Abstract

The problem of continuous cropping obstacle has seriously restricted the development of the ginseng industry. In view of the little research on the mechanism of ginseng crop disorder, this study was conducted to investigate the ginseng crop disorder-related miRNAs and their target genes for the sustainability of the ginseng industry. A total of 376 miRNAs were obtained from all the tissue samples of the Continuous Cropping obstacles (CCO) and Control Check (CK). 121 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in the ginseng. Then, the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched and found to be involved in phytohormone-related regulation, MAPK signaling pathway - plant, amino and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and monoterpene biosynthesis, suggesting that the alteration of these related pathways may play a key role in causing ginseng crop disorder. Finally, the correlations between miRNAs and mRNAs were integrated to construct the corresponding reciprocal networks and discover the miRNAs that might play a key role in causing ginseng crop disorder. osa-MIR818dp3_ 1ss1TA and pgi-MIR6135i-p3_1ss11TG and pgi-MIR6140c-p5_1ss12CT were found to be at the core of the network, and it was hypothesized that these miRNAs play an important role in the formation of ginseng continuous cropping obstacle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Solving Cassini's data glitch problem during coherency mode transition for Titan radar observations

Author

Weld, K. R, Seal, D. A, Cheng, L. Y, Ray, T. L, Callahan, P. S, Doody, D. F, Heventhal, W. M. III, Scarffe, V, Morgan, H. D, and Anderson, Yanhua Z

Abstract

We describe the problem of regular small telemetry losses incurred during coherency mode transitions in Cassini’s telecommunication. The project did not originally plan any corrective steps for avoiding these data losses, because of 1) the disparity between the small durations of the transitions (1-2 min) and large playback capability losses (15 min) needed for bracketing the transition time spans and 2) the unpredictable content of data downlinking during the transitions. However, as the intense science data return from the tour began, it became apparent that the impact of these small losses can sometimes be significant. We provide two examples of the impact on Radar-dedicated Titan flybys. In general, the impacts are larger for high-rate data and for data acquired during a targeted flyby of Titan and other icy satellites. Although the content of data during a transition for every downlink pass is unpredictable, we are certain that some important data will be lost on downlink passes dedicated to transmit the flyby data and it does not matter what part of the data will be hit by the transitions. We collected more than 200 days of data from Cassini tour operations between June 2004 and February 2005 to analyze the distributions of the start time and duration of the transitions. We found that the occurrence of a transition can be predicted within a 5-min window, with 95 percent confidence. Given that, it is possible to eliminate the data losses by pausing playback at the beginning of a transition for 5 minutes and resuming playback after transition completion. We briefly describe three operational fixes as to how to implement the playback pause, with the pros and cons for each method. Finally, we report the results of the method chosen by the project and implemented on the spacecraft for several Titan and icy satellites flybys between September and October, 2005.

Published
2006

30. Phase diagram of the Nd2Fe14B-Sm2Fe14B pseudo-binary system.

Author

Xu, Ch. F., Chen, K. H., Gu, Z. F., Cheng, L. Y., Ma, D. D., Cheng, G., Rao, G. H., and Yao, Q. R.

Subjects
BINARY number system, X-ray powder diffraction, DIFFERENTIAL thermal analysis
Abstract

The phase relations in the (1− x)Nd2Fe14B- xSm2Fe14B system over the whole concentration range have been studied by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Crystal structure parameters for all studied compositions of (Nd1− xSm x)2Fe14B have been determined by full-profile Rietveld refinements. These results revealed that all intermediate alloys of (Nd1− xSm x)2Fe14B are similar to the end member of the investigated system, Nd2Fe14B, with a tetragonal structure (space group P42/ mnm). The formation of continuous solid solutions has been found in this system. The normalized lattice parameters and unit-cell volumes of (Nd1− xSm x)2Fe14B solid solutions decrease linearly with increasing Sm content. The DTA measurements show that the melting temperature of (Nd1− xSm x)2Fe14B increases linearly with increasing Sm content and no metastable phases were detected. Based on the DTA data and XRD results, a tentative phase diagram for the pseudo-binary system Nd2Fe14B-Sm2Fe14B has been constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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36. Effects of lead contamination on the clonal propagative ability of Phragmites australis (common reed) grown in wet and dry environments.

Author

Zhang, N., Zhang, J. W., Yang, Y. H., Li, X. Y., Lin, J. X., Li, Z. L., Cheng, L. Y., Wang, J. F., Mu, C. S., Wang, A. X., and Luo, Z.‐B.

Subjects
EFFECT of lead on plants, PHRAGMITES australis, CLONAL variation (Plants), EFFECT of drought on plants, PLANT water requirements, PLANTS & the environment
Abstract

Clonal propagation is important for the survival and maintenance of the common reed Phragmites australis. Pot culture experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of lead (Pb) concentration (0, 500, 1500, 3000, 4500 mg·kg−1) and water stress on the clonal reproductive ability of this species. The Pb concentration found in plant organs, in decreasing order, was roots >shoots >rhizomes. There was a negative relationship between the growth of clonal propagative modules (excluding axillary shoot buds) and Pb concentrations, which caused a decrease in biomass, rhizome growth and number of axillary and apical rhizome buds. Daughter axillary shoots exhibited a tolerance strategy, with no significant change in their number; the axillary and apical rhizome buds, daughter apical rhizome shoots and rhizomes exhibited compensatory growth during the late stage of Pb (excluding 4500 mg·kg−1) treatment in a wet environment. Pb applications above 500 mg·kg−1 reduced these parameters significantly in the drought treatment, except for the number of axillary shoot buds, which did not change. Our results indicate that clonal propagative resistance to Pb contamination can occur via tolerance strategies, compensatory growth and a Pb allocation strategy, enabling these reeds to maintain population stability in wet environments. However, clonal modular growth and reproductive ability were inhibited significantly by the interaction between drought and Pb, which would cause a decline in P. australis populations in a dry environment. Lead concentrations of 4500 and 500 mg·kg−1 in soils might meet or exceed the Pb tolerance threshold of clonally propagated reeds in wet and dry environments, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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37. Proliferation Risk Reduction Study of Alternative Spent Fuel Processing Technologies.

Author

Bari, Robert A., Cheng, L.-Y., Phillips, Jon, Pilat, Joseph, Rochau, Gary, Therios, Ike, Wigeland, Roald, Wonder, Edward, and Zentner, Michael

Subjects
FUEL processors, CATALYTIC reforming -- Equipment & supplies, PLUTONIUM, RADIOACTIVE substances, NUCLEAR engineering
Abstract

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the relative proliferation risks of particular reprocessing technologies of current interest. The assessment focuses on determining whether three alternative reprocessing technologies - COEX, UREX+, and pyroprocessing - provide nonproliferation advantages relative to the PUREX technology because they do not produce separated plutonium. This study considers how a facility may be threatened under various proliferation scenarios. For each alternative, the measures of proliferation risk considered include the relative difficulty of achieving the objective, the time required, the cost to the adversary, the likelihood of detection, the cost of safeguards and physical protection, and the characteristics of the material acquired. This evaluation found only a modest improvement in reducing proliferation risk over existing PUREX technologies and these modest improvements apply primarily for non-state actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

46. The withdrawal of benztropine mesylate in chronic schizophrenic patients.

Author

Baker, Linda A., Cheng, L. Y., Amara, I. B., and Baker, L A

Subjects
DRUG withdrawal symptoms, PEOPLE with schizophrenia, SCHIZOPHRENIA, ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents, ANTIPARKINSONIAN agents, WECHSLER Memory Scale, EXTRAPYRAMIDAL disorders
Abstract

In this double-blind, four-week study, 28 chronic schizophrenic patients receiving neuroleptic medication plus the antiparkinsonian drug, benztropine mesylate, were either switched to placebo or maintained on benztropine. Patients withdrawn from benztropine reliably increased their overall scores on the Wechsler Memory Scale in comparison with the drug group. Sub-test scores suggest that deficits in attention and concentration were induced by treatment with benztropine. Psychotic decompensation appeared to develop simultaneously with extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in some patients, but only 14.2 per cent of the placebo group experienced extrapyramidal symptoms severe enough to require resumption of benztropine therapy. It is suggested that antiparkinsonian agents should be prescribed only if and when EPS occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983
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47. Involving local communities in amphibian conservation: Taipei frog Rana taipehensisas an example

Author

LIN, H.‐C., CHENG, L.‐Y., CHEN, P.‐C., and CHANG, M.‐H.

Abstract

Farmland is an important habitat for many amphibians. However, the widespread and prolonged use of agro‐chemicals creates predictable difficulties and limitations for the conservation of agrobiodiversity. Farmland is an ecosystem in which human forces are greatly involved; therefore, conservation of natural resources in agricultural ecosystems must also relate to the existence of humans in order to achieve its goal. The Taipei frog Rana taipehensishas become a seriously threatened species in Taiwan because of wetland destruction and extensive use of agro‐chemicals on farmland. Nowadays, the species can only be found in Taipei, Taoyuan, Tainan and Pingtung Counties. Since 1999, Taipei Zoo has been surveying the distribution of Taipei frogs in Sanzhi, a small town in northern Taiwan. Taipei Zoo has adopted a two‐pronged approach to its conservation project. Aside from collecting ecological data on Taipei frog populations, we also cooperated with a local school and the Tse‐Xing Organic Agriculture Foundation (TXOAF) to carry out habitat‐improvement work and community‐education programmes about wetland conservation. We persuaded and assisted a farmer to halt his use of pesticides and eventually adopt organic‐farming practices because his farm was located right in the centre of the Taipei frog's breeding habitat and our sampling area. We also helped the farmer to sell his organically grown water lilies to TXOAF in order to provide a long‐term and stable income. From October 2002, the farmer stopped using agro‐chemicals on his fields. Beginning in 2003, when the population of Taipei frogs was apparently increasing, the farmer also became a follower of an organic lifestyle and is proud of the Taipei frogs on his land.

Published
2008
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48. The Nanomechanical Properties of Polystyrene Thin Films Embedded with Surface-grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Author

Hsiao, C.-C., Lin, T. S., Cheng, L. Y., Ma, C.-C. M., and Yang, A. C.-M.

Abstract

Thin polystyrene (PS) films embedded with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) grafted with PS chains were prepared via solution casting, and the nanomechanical behavior of the thin films was probed by using AFM, TEM, and SEM. Percolated network of entangled nanotubes was observed to be well-dispersed in the PS thin films, and the films demonstrated strikingly different mechanical properties as compared to the pristine PS film. The MWNT/PS films were very tough showing no microfracture at large strains beyond 20%. Although crazes of similar microstructure to those in pristine PS were developed upon stretching, they were short and narrow with a width no more than approximately 2 μm. AFM analyses revealed that crazes grew by following a micronecking mechanism, similar to that commonly observed in neat polymers, but craze widening was substantially restricted. As a result, nucleation of new crazes became the dominant process over widening of the existing crazes as the applied strain increased. No nanotubes were observed inside crazes; they appeared to be excluded from craze fibrillation and were observed to accumulate at the craze boundaries. The growth of crazes in the MWNT/PS films was constrained by the nanotubes too rigid to be drawn into the crazes during the deformation.

Published
2005

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