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Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) is a typical small cold water fish, which is distributed widely and mainly inhabits in East Asia. Here, we sequenced and determined the complete mitochondrial genome of R. oxycephalus and studied its phylogenetic implication. R. oxycephalus mitogenome is 16,609 bp in length (GenBank accession no.: MH885043), and it contains 13 protein‐coding genes (PCGs), two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two noncoding regions (the control region and the putative origin of light‐strand replication). 12 PCGs started with ATG, while COI used GTG as the start codon. The secondary structure of tRNA‐Ser (AGN) lacks the dihydrouracil (DHU) arm. The control region is 943bp in length, with a termination‐associated sequence, six conserved sequence blocks (CSB‐1, CSB‐2, CSB‐3, CSB‐D, CSB‐E, CSB‐F), and a repetitive sequence. Phylogenetic analysis was performed with maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods based on the concatenated nucleotide sequence of 13 PCGs and the complete sequence without control region, and the result revealed that the relationship between R. oxycephalus and R. percnurus is closest, while the relationship with R. kumgangensis is farthest. The genus Rhynchocypris is revealed as a polyphyletic group, and R. kumgangensis had distant relationship with other Rhynchocypris species. In addition, COI and ND2 genes are considered as the fittest DNA barcoding gene in genus Rhynchocypris. This work provides additional molecular information for studying R. oxycephalus conservation genetics and evolutionary relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis), a member of family Sciaenidae, is mainly distributed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. To assess the genetic diversity and population structure of this species across its range, we genotyped 150 L. polyactis individuals sampled in five locations along the coast of the Yellow and East China seas using 20 polymorphic microsatellites. A total of 499 alleles were detected at 20 loci across all individuals, and a relatively high level of genetic diversity was observed, with observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He) and polymorphic information content (PIC) ranging from 0.233 to 1.000, from 0.438 to 0.955, and from 0.367 to 0.953 per locus-location combination, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) (FST = 0.00915, P < 0.001), pairwise FST, and corrected average pairwise differences indicated that there was extremely low, but statistically significant genetic differentiation among the studied populations. However, Bayesian assignment analysis revealed a high number of immigrants among populations and no obvious genetic differentiation. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and mode-shift indicator of allele frequency distribution support the inferrence that L. polyactis had not experienced a recent genetic bottleneck. Overall, the results suggest that, despite low genetic differentiation in this species, the small yellow croaker forms a single panmictic population with high genetic variation and gene flow in the studied area. This study will provide useful information for conservation and sustainable exploitation of this important aquatic living resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phylogeography history and contemporary agents of selection for many marine fisheries, characterized by widespread species distributions in the face of significant harvest, remains poorly understood. Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) are a widespread species in the Indo-Pacific and represent one of the top five commercially fished species in the world, yet their phylogeographic history remains unknown. We characterized the genetic diversity, structure and demographic history ofS. japonicusthroughout adjacent Chinese seas (from the Yellow Sea to the South China Sea). Using 220 individuals from 11 sites, we inferred 55 distinct haplotypes from complete mitochondrial cytochromebgene sequences. Haplotype diversity ranged from 0.505 to 0.967 and nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.00056 to 0.01042. Genetic differentiation (Fst) statistics suggested that the highest level of differentiation existed between the SanYa and SanSha localities (Fst = 0.86977), while the lowest levels of differentiation occurred between the DongGang and ShiDao localities (Fst ∼ 0). Kimura’s genetic distances ranged from 0.001 to 0.011 within and from 0.001 to 0.018 between populations. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance, Neighbor-joining and median-joining network analyses identified significant phylogeographic structure with two localities (SanYa, Hainan of the South China Sea and LianYunGang, Jiangsu of the East China Sea) explaining most of the genetic variation observed, while the remaining populations were poorly differentiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents study on microsatellite markers for the coastal pelagic fish Scomber japonicus or Scombridae. It mentions testing of polymorphisms of the identified microsatellite loci. It adds cross-priming tests performed in the congeneric species S. australasicus from Qinglan and variation in number of alleles per locus.

Abstract: Small yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena polyactis, is an economically important marine fishery species. In this study, we isolated 35 novel polymorphic microsatellite primers in P. polyactis by using the combined biotin capture method. The polymorphism of each locus was assessed in 30 individuals from Donggang, Northern Yellow Sea, China. A total of 519 alleles were detected and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 23. The PIC values of these 35 microsatellite loci ranged from 0.367 to 0.940. The observed (H o) and expected heterozygosity (H e) per locus ranged from 0.233 to 1.000 and from 0.438 to 0.943, respectively. Seven loci significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) after Bonferroni correction and no significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) was found between pairs of loci. In addition, cross-species amplification was performed in Pseudosciaena crocea, a closely related species of P. polyactis, to assess the applicability of these markers. These polymorphic microsatellites will provide useful tools for the study of genetic diversity and population structure of P. polyactis and P. crocea. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Coilia ectenes is a commercially important fishery species. In this study, genetic diversity and population structure of C. ectenes were examined by using mitochondrial DNA control region sequences in 246 individuals sampled from 10 localities in China. One hundred and ninety-five polymorphic sites defined 184 distinct haplotypes, revealing a moderately high haplotype diversity (Hd) and a relatively low nucleotide diversity (π) in the 10 localities. An excess of unique haplotypes at most sample locations were detected, which might influence the genetic structure of the C. ectenes populations. Hd ranged from 0.939 to 1.000 and π ranged from 0.26% to 1.15%. The Dongting fish population had the highest π level. The genetic distances ranged from 0.26% to 1.03% within populations and from 0.56% to 4.90% between populations. The distances between the Fuzhou (FZ) population and other populations were mostly >4.8%. Neighbor-joining tree indicated distinct patterns of phylogeographic structure among haplotypes from FZ population and those from other populations. Analyses of molecular variance and Fst statistics suggested that the divergence existed among populations from 10 localities, indicating that gene flow might be restricted among those regions, despite the wide dispersal. In addition, neutral tests and analysis of mismatch distribution suggested that C. ectenes might have undergone a population expansion. Our study revealed the extant population genetic diversity and structure of the C. ectenes, and was in favor of the related fishery management issues including fishery stock identification and conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Genetic diversity and population structure of Scomber japonicus in East (ECS) and South China Sea (SCS) was analysed through 169 individuals from adjacent sea waters of Taizhou, Sansha, Dongshan, Zhuhai, Qinglan, and Sanya using eleven microsatellite markers. Relatively high levels of genetic variation within (He = 0.651–0.732) and moderate level of genetic differentiation among the populations (F ST = 0.0647, P < 10−4) were observed. Two divergent stocks may exist: one included all populations from ECS extending to off eastern coast of Hainan Island in SCS, and the other comprised one population off southern coast of Hainan Island. It indicated a higher gene flow and a preferential migration dispersion pattern for this species in ECS. S. japonicus had not undergone recent genetic bottlenecks, and this inference is supported by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and mode-shift indicator of allele frequency distribution. We recommend several management strategies for this species for the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: To investigate genetic structure and differentiation of four lake populations of Coilia ectenes, a total of eighty-one individuals from four largest freshwater lakes (Dongting [DT], Poyang [PY], Chaohu [CH], Taihu [TH]) were analyzed based on mtDNA control region sequences. Seventy-five haplotypes were detected, and four to seven 38 bp tandem repeats were found. The indexes of nucleotide diversity (π) in these four populations were DT 0.78%, PY 1.09%, CH 0.81%, and TH 0.62%. Genetic distances within populations were between 0.63 and 1.14%, and from 0.76 to 1.60% among populations. A Neighbor–Joining (NJ) tree consisted of three major clades. Clade 1 consisted of 88.89, 26.09, and 4.55% individuals of DT, PY, and CH. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that most variances occurred within populations, suggesting that this is the main source of total variance. Our results suggest that the four lake populations of C. ectenes have not developed significant genetic structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Coilia ectenes is an important commercial fisheries species. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of ten Chinese populations of C. ectenes were investigated using cytochrome b (cytb) sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We sequenced the complete cytb gene of 279 individuals. One hundred and eleven polymorphic sites defined 97 distinct haplotypes. Haplotype diversity (Hd) ranged from 0.6433 to 0.9517 and nucleotide diversity (π) ranged from 0.16% to 1.23%. The Wuhan (WH) fish population had the highest π level. The genetic distances ranged from 0.16% to 1.26% within populations and from 0.18% to 2.66% between populations. The distances between the Fuzhou (FZ) population and other populations were greater than 2%, while the distance between the Lianyungang (LYG) and Taihu Lake (TH) populations was the smallest. The fixation index analysis indicated that there was significant genetic divergence among populations from different geographical groups. Both the neighbor-joining tree and median-joining network analysis of the haplotype data showed distinct patterns of phylogeographic structure. The hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that intra-group variation among populations (θ SC) was highly significant. The results of this study suggest that C. ectenes populations, especially geographically isolated groups, have developed significant genetic structures. In addition, tests of neutral evolution and mismatch distribution suggest that C. ectenes may have experienced a population expansion, possibly in the past 110,000years. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome ofPampus argenteus(Perciformes: Stromateidae). The mitogenome is 17,098 bp in length, which contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 23 tRNA genes and 2 non-coding regions: origin of light-strand replication (OL) and control region (D-loop). The overall nucleotide base composition ofP. argenteusmtDNA is A 30.35%, C 25.55%, G 15.28% and T 28.82%, with an A + T content of 59.17%. Except forND6gene and eight tRNA genes, all other mitochondrial genes were encoded on the heavy strand. The mitochondrial genome ofP. argenteusmay be helpful to the studies on conservation genetics and stock evaluation ofP. argenteusresource, as well as molecular phylogeny and species identification of Stromateidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Recent studies have shown that heterogeneous evolution may mislead phylogenetic analysis, which has been neglected for a long time. We evaluate the effect of heterogeneous evolution on phylogenetic analysis, using 18 fish mitogenomic coding sequences as an example. Using the software DIVERGE, we identify 198 amino acid sites that have experienced heterogeneous evolution. After removing these sites, the rest of sites are shown to be virtually homogeneous in the evolutionary rate. There are some differences between phylogenetic trees built with heterogeneous sites (“before tree”) and without heterogeneous sites (“after tree”). Our study demonstrates that for phylogenetic reconstruction, an effective approach is to identify and remove sites with heterogeneous evolution, and suggests that researchers can use the software DIVERGE to remove the influence of heterogeneous evolution before reconstructing phylogenetic trees. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Schizothorax oconnori is mainly distributed in the Yarlung Zangbo River drainage in Tibet, China. S. oconnori is assessed as least concern species in International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. In this paper, we determined the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of S. oconnori. The mitogenome is 16,590 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and 2 non-coding regions: origin of light-strand replication ( OL) and control region (D-loop). The complete mitogenome sequence information of S. oconnori can be used in the studies on molecular systematics, stock evaluation and conservation genetics and will be helpful in the development of rational management strategies and sustainable utilization for S. oconnori resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of Schizothorax waltoni (Cypriniformes:Cyprinidae). The mitogenome is 16,587 bp in length, which contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions: origin of light-strand replication (OL) and control region (D-loop). The overall nucleotide base composition of S. waltoni mtDNA is A 29.96%, C 27.07%, G 17.58%, and T 25.39%, with an A+T content of 55.35%. Except for ND6 gene and eight tRNA genes, all other mitochondrial genes were encoded on the heavy strand. The mitochondrial genome of S. waltoni can contribute to the studies on conservation genetics and stock evaluation of S. waltoni resource, as well as molecular phylogeny and species identification of Cyprinidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of Schizothorax wangchiachii has been determined. The mitogenome is 16,593 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions: origin of light-strand replication (OL) and control region (D-loop). The complete mtDNA sequence of S. wangchiachii can contribute to elucidate the evolutionary mechanisms and biogeography of Schizothorax and is useful to stock evaluation and conservation genetics for S. wangchiachii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we determined complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi. The mitogenome is 16,674 bp in length, which includes 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 2 non-coding regions: control region (D-loop) and origin of light-strand replication (OL). The complete mitogenome sequence of S. younghusbandi is useful to the studies on taxonomic status, molecular systematics, stock evaluation, and conservation genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of Coilia ectenes was determined. The complete mtDNA genome sequence of C. ectenes is 16,852 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two rRNA genes and two non-coding regions. Overall base composition of mitogenome is estimated to be 31.15% for A, 27.18% for C, 15.58% for G and 26.10% for T, respectively, with a high A+T content (57.25%). The complete mitogenome of the C. ectenes can provide a basic data for the studies on population history, molecular systematics, phylogeography, stock evaluation and conservation genetics. It is also helpful to the reasonable utilization and development of rational management strategies for C. ectenes resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of Rastrelliger kanagurta has been determined. The mitogenome was 16,537 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions. The A+T content of the mitochondrial genome of R. kanagurta was 52.29%, and the content was 26.92% for A, 30.67% for C, 17.03% for G, and 25.37% for T. The complete mitogenome of R. kanagurta can provide an important data for the studies on molecular systematics, species identification, stock evaluation, conservation genetics, and evolutionary adaptation mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we obtained the complete mitochondrial genome sequence ofSphyraena jelloand analyzed its phylogenetic position. The complete mitogenome ofS. jellois 16 699 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a control region. Among the 37 genes, 28 were encoded on heavy strand, while 9 were encoded on light strand. The overall base composition was 28.97% for A, 16.14% for G, 29.64% for C, and 25.25% for T, with a higher A + T content (54.22%). The phylogenetic analysis based on 13 concatenated protein-coding genes suggested thatS. jellois a sister species toSphyraena barracudain the family Sphyraenidae. This result should be useful for understanding the genetic structure, molecular evolution, and phylogeny ofS. jelloand related species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thunnus alalungais an excellent food fish and is of great importance in recreational fisheries. In the study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) ofT. alalungais sequenced and annotated, which is a circular DNA molecule with 16,527 bp in length. The overall nucleotide base composition ofT. alalungamitogenome is as follows: A, 28.37%; G, 16.69%; T, 25.46%; and C, 29.49%, with the A+T content of 53.83%, showing an obvious anti-G bias. The entire mitogenome encodes 37 genes in all, comprising 13 protein-coding genes (ATP6andATP8, COI-III, Cytb, ND1-6and4L), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and two ribosomal RNA genes (12S and 16S rRNAs). The complete mitochondrial genome sequence ofT. alalungacan provide useful information for the studies on molecular systematics, stock evaluation, and conservation genetics of teleost fishes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is one of the most important economic fishes around the world. In the present study, we determined the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence and organization ofT. albacares. The entire mitochondrial genome is a circular-molecule of 16,528 bp in length, which encodes 37 genes in all. These genes comprise 13 protein-coding genes (ATP6 and 8, COI-III, Cytb, ND1-6 and 4 L), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (12S and 16S rRNAs). The complete mitochondrial genome sequence ofT. albacarescan provide basic information for the studies on molecular taxonomy and conservation genetics of teleost fishes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome ofPampus chinensis(Perciformes: Stromateidae) was determined. The mitogenome is 16,535 bp in length, which contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions: origin of light-strand replication (OL) and control region (D-loop). The overall mtDNA nucleotide base composition ofP. chinensisis A 29.72%, C 28.10%, G 15.34%, and T 26.84%, with an A + T content of 56.56%. Except forND6gene and eight tRNA genes, all other mitochondrial genes were encoded on the heavy strand. The mitochondrial genome ofP. chinensismay be helpful to the studies on stock evaluation and conservation genetics ofP. chinensisresource, as well as molecular phylogeny of Stromateidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome sequence of Schizopygopsis thermalis. The complete mitogenome of S. thermalis is 16,676 bp in length, which contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs and 2 non-coding regions: control region (D-loop) and origin of light-strand replication (OL). The complete mtDNA sequence of S. thermalis provides useful genetic markers for the studies on molecular systematic, population genetics and phylogeography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gymnocypris dobula is listed as Vulnerable (VU) status in the IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species. In this paper, complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of G. dobula was determined. The complete mitogenome is 16,720 bp in length, and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 2 non-coding regions: control region (D-loop) and origin of light-strand replication (OL). The complete mitogenome sequence information of G. dobula is conducive to futher studies on molecular systematics, stock evaluation and conservation genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Gymnocypris namensis was determined and analyzed. The mitogenome of G. namensis is 16,674 bp long, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and two non-coding regions: control region (D-loop) and origin of light-strand replication (OL). The gene order of G. namensis mitogenome is identical to that observed in most other vertebrates. The complete mitogenome sequence information of G. namensis can provide useful data for further studies on molecular systematics, taxonomic status, stock evaluation and conservation genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents study to develop thirty-four novel polymorphic microsatellite markers in Coilia ectenes (C. ectenes). It mentions cross-species amplification performed in its closely related taxa C. mystus and C. e.taihuensis. It adds markers will help the development of sustainable fishing strategies to protect and recover these important resources.

The age distribution of gene duplication events within the human genome exhibits two waves of duplications along with an ancient component. However, because of functional constraint differences, genes in different functional categories might show dissimilar retention patterns after duplication. It is known that genes in some functional categories are highly duplicated in the early stage of vertebrate evolution. However, the correlations of the age distribution pattern of gene duplication between the different functional categories are still unknown. To investigate this issue, we developed a robust pipeline to date the gene duplication events in the human genome. We successfully estimated about three-quarters of the duplication events within the human genome, along with the age distribution pattern in each Gene Ontology (GO) slim category. We found that some GO slim categories show different distribution patterns when compared to the whole genome. Further hierarchical clustering of the GO slim functional categories enabled grouping into two main clusters. We found that human genes located in the duplicated copy number variant regions, whose duplicate genes have not been fixed in the human population, were mainly enriched in the groups with a high proportion of recently duplicated genes. Moreover, we used a phylogenetic tree-based method to date the age of duplications in three signaling-related gene superfamilies: transcription factors, protein kinases and G-protein coupled receptors. These superfamilies were expressed in different subcellular localizations. They showed a similar age distribution as the signaling-related GO slim categories. We also compared the differences between the age distributions of gene duplications in multiple subcellular localizations. We found that the distribution patterns of the major subcellular localizations were similar to that of the whole genome. This study revealed the whole picture of the evolution patterns of gene functional categories in the human genome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii), an economically and recologically valuable fish species, is extensively cultured in the aquaculture industry. However, the severe skeletal deformities that occur during the rearing process pose a significant challenge, profoundly impacting growth performance and economic sustainability. Despite recognition of these deformities, comprehensive studies investigating the underlying mechanisms of skeletal deformities in Murray cod remain scarce. To solve this problem, our study combines histological and molecular studies to understand the characteristics and mechanisms of these deformities. The results are as follows: (i) At the histological level, we observed notable abnormalities in the brain and muscle tissues of deformed Murray cod, including an enlarged ventricle and irregular muscle fiber structure. These observed abnormalities could potentially impact the skeletal development of Murray cod. (ii) At the molecular level, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of the brain and muscle tissues of normal and deformed Murray cod. Our analysis identified 8834 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 3788 up-regulated genes and 4555 down-regulated genes. Enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways showed that Cell Adhesion, Notch Signaling, Wnt Signaling, Cell Adhesion Molecules, The ECM-Receptor Interaction Pathway, and PI3K-Akt Signaling pathways may be involved in vertebral deformities. Notably, in deformed Murray cod, we observed significant changes in the expression of certain genes closely associated with skeletal development. For example, down-regulated expression of Fibronectin 1 (FN1) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) was found in brain tissue. These genes may play a crucial role in the process of skeletal formation and development. At the same time, we verified through qRT-PCR to ensure the reliability of our data. In conclusion, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of Murray cod’s skeletal deformities through histological and transcriptomic analyses and reveals the molecular mechanism of Murray cod’s skeletal development. And provide insights to address these economically important anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (yellow catfish) is a small-sized species in the family Bagridae, order Siluriformes. In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome sequence of P. fulvidraco and performed phylogenetic analysis with closely related species. The complete mitochondrial genome of P. fulvidraco was 16,527 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 2 non-coding regions: control region (D-loop) and the origin of light-strand replication. We inferred that five markers in mitogenome, i.e. D-loop, ND5, 16SrRNA, COXI and ND1, may be suitable markers for studies on population genetics, phylogeny, conservation genetics and evolutionary adaptation mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ancherythroculter nigrocauda is a fish endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. In this study, we determined and analyzed the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of this species. The mitogenome is 16,623 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions: origin of light-strand replication ( OL) and control region (D-loop). This mitogenome sequence data can contribute to elucidate the evolutionary mechanisms, molecular systematics, and biogeography of Ancherythroculter and is useful to conservation genetics and stock evaluation for A. nigrocauda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of Ussuri catfish ( Pseudobagrus ussuriensis) was determined. The mitochondrial genome sequence is a circular molecule with 16,536 bp in length. It contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 non-coding regions. The nucleotide acid composition of the entire mitogenome is 31.79% for A, 26.84% for T, 14.87% for G, and 26.50% for C, showing a high A+T content. The complete mitogenome sequence of P. ussuriensis can be used in the studies on molecular systematics, conservation genetics, and stock evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schizothorax macropogon is listed as Near Threatened species in International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. It is restrictly distributed in the Yarlung Zangbo (upper Brahmaputra) River in Tibet, China. Till now, little is known about the mitochondrial genome information of this species. In this study, the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of S. macropogon was determined. The mitogenome is a circular molecule of 16,588 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 noncoding regions. Overall base composition of mitochondrial genome of S. macropogon was 29.82% A, 26.94% C, 17.74% G, and 25.50% T, with a high A+T content (55.32%). The complete mitogenome sequence of S. macropogon can be used in the studies on molecular systematics, phylogeography, stock evaluation, and conservation genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a rocky reef species,Oplegnathus fasciatusdisplays significant geographic differences that may be congruent with patterns of molecular variation. We used 10 polymorphism microsatellite loci to characterize the genetic structure and test the impact of ocean currents and the Yangtze River on the population genetic connectivity of the rock bream,O. fasciatus, sampled from Jiaonan (JN), Zhoushan (ZS) and Taiwan (TW). The average number of alleles was 17.78, with a total of 160 alleles, and the average allele value in the East China Sea (ZS = 13.70) was higher than that in the Yellow Sea (JN = 6.70). The individuals at the ZS location showed the highest expected heterozygosity (He = 0.86), Nei's genetic diversity (H = 0.84) and Shannon genetic diversity (I = 2.21). Genetic bottleneck tests showed that individuals had experienced a recent bottleneck effect in the JN location. AMOVA analysis showed that 12.19% of genetic variation existed among populations, indicating significant population genetic differentiation in the species. The values of the population pairwise differentiation index (FstandΦpt) ranged from 0.01 to 0.29. The UPGMA tree showed two diverged genealogical branches corresponding to sampling localities (Clade A = JN, Clade B = ZS and TW) in the species. The AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses suggested thatO. fasciatusmay be composed of two stocks in the examined range, and the freshwater discharge from the Yangtze River might act as a physical barrier to genetic exchange between north and south China stocks of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]