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Training in diagnostic colonoscopy is one of the criteria for good training in gastroenterology. However, there is no curriculum that deals strictly with the purely technical aspects of colonoscopy. Our aim is to carry out a review of the literature focusing on the number of colonoscopies required to acquire autonomy in diagnostic colonoscopy and also the different means used to improve technical success in endoscopy. Materials and methods: this is a review of the literature over the last 30 years, looking at observational studies and clinical trials that have looked at residents in digestive endoscopy, their success rate in performing an endoscopy, and the different technical means used to improve their success in diagnostic endoscopy. We used the PRISMA recommendations to carry out the literature review and the Cochrane register of clinical trials to determine the quality of the clinical trial used. In addition, this literature review was carried out using the key words: trainees , colonoscopy , competence , evaluation , learning curve on the various search bases: Pubmed and medline. All articles were analysed on the basis of title and abstract. Results: After reviewing the literature and excluding articles based on title and abstract, we retained 32 articles for analysis. The number of colonoscopies required to achieve autonomy in diagnostic endoscopy varies between 50 and 400, although the majority of authors seem to agree on 200 colonoscopies. Video feedback is validated by all the studies as the best means of improving the learning curve in colonoscopy. The colonoscopy simulator shows satisfactory results in the technical success of colonoscopy. Virtual reality, however, has contradictory results as a predictor of colonoscopy success. An objective means of evaluating endoscopy training is the adenoma detection rate. There are factors that appear to predict a successful examination: loop-free progression of the sigmoid, rapid progression to the right colon and the us e of long colonoscopes. Conclusion: After this review of the literature, we can conclude that 200 diagnostic colonoscopies are necessary to obtain a technical success rate of cæcal intubation of 90%. Simulators and video feedback play an important role at the start of training and help to improve this technical success rate at the beginning of medical training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abtract: Digestive symptoms in HIV patients are frequent and little-known. Their management varies from symptomatic treatment to specialised care by the gastroenterologist. Our aim is to determine these manifestations in HIV patients through a retrospective study including all HIV-positive patients followed at the University Hospital of Fez. These manifestations were essentially liquid diarrhoea in 62 patients (27%), epigastralgia in 40 patients (17.5%), chronic abdominal pain in 10 patients (5%), apyretic hepatic colic in six patients and defecatory rectorrhagia (n = 4, 2.8%). Complications such as post-viral B cirrhosis with ascitic decompensation occurred in one patient (0.4%) and an association with IBD was found in three patients. Complications such as liver abscesses and lymphoma were also reported. Our study is the first large-scale study in Morocco to focus solely on digestive manifestations in HIV patients, and provides a gastroenterologist's perspective on the management of this complex pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]