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1. Sustainable Paper-based Packaging from Hemp Hurd Fiber: A Potential Material for Thermoformed Molded Fiber Packaging

Author

Chi Hou Lo, Kelly R. Wade, Kate G. Parker, Anthony N. Mutukumira, and Michelle Sloane

Subjects
industrial hemp hurd, handsheet, paper, thermoforming, mechanical properties, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

Hemp hurd fiber, a low-value waste stream from the hemp industry, has potential downstream applications as an alternative to non-renewable plastics for single-use food service ware and packaging applications. Packaging paper substrates made from chemically pulped hemp hurd, mixed in varying ratios with bleached thermomechanical radiata pine pulp were developed and tested. Handsheets were characterized using several mechanical property tests including tensile strength, tearing resistance, burst strength, short-span compression, ring crush, together with Gurley air resistance, contact angle, and Cobb60 tests. Generally, addition of hemp hurd fibers significantly improved handsheet mechanical properties. Hot-pressing of the handsheets so as to approximate molded fiber thermoforming further enhanced their performance, with pure hemp hurd handsheets having the highest mechanical properties and barrier performance. A prototype was successfully thermoformed from hemp fiber, demonstrating overall feasibility of this fibre source for molded fibre objects.

Published
2024

2. Synthesis and Characterization of C,C-Type Palladacycles and Their Catalytic Application in Mizoroki–Heck Coupling Reaction

Author

Chi Hou Lo and Hon Man Lee

Subjects
Tetrafluoroborate, 010405 organic chemistry, Ligand, Organic Chemistry, Substituent, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Coupling reaction, 0104 chemical sciences, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Heck reaction, Pyridine, Polymer chemistry, Imidazole, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Palladium
Abstract

Two series of ligand precursors, based on imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and C2-phenyl substituted imidazole moieties, were developed and synthesized in high yields, featuring an N-CH2(C═O)Ar substituent on the imidazole ring. Upon reacting with palladium acetate, both series of ligands underwent double C–H bond activations at the methylene and o-aryl carbon sites on the N-CH2(C═O)Ar substituent, yielding C,C-type palladacycles bearing five-membered chelate rings. A dimeric palladium complex with bridging bromides was obtained from the ligand precursor with the bromide anion, whereas an ionic palladium complex with two “throw away” pyridine ligands was formed with the precursor of the tetrafluoroborate anion. All complexes are air-stable and were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The structures of three of the new complexes were further established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. These complexes have been screened for catalyzing Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction using...

Published
2018

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