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This book examines jurisdictional differences in the role of the principle of the welfare interests of the child in common and civil law and focuses on differences within these two legal traditions.By identifying and analysing the functions of the principle both in the public and private sector of family law, the book compares and contrasts different jurisdictions and assesses their capacity to implement children's welfare interests and rights. Covering a variety of topics including child abuse and neglect, state care, adoption and reproductive rights and family breakdown, the book demonstrates how welfare interests and rights can be balanced to create a coherent framework for family law.In addition to providing an up-to-date digest of cases and legislation, the book will be of interest to researchers in the field of child welfare and family law.

This book discusses child wishes, rights and participation in the foster care system. Making decisions in a foster child's best interest is a widely used, but also widely criticized international legal doctrine. This work discusses the two major legal frameworks, best interest and normalcy, for which foster care decisions are made and how those frameworks might shape how child welfare professionals view and interpret children's rights and participation. Normalcy, the idea that decisions should promote a “normal” life, is a separate legal doctrine which can be in conflict with best interest determinations. However, the concept of normalcy is also theoretically built into best interest decisions and therefore also plays a role in most child welfare systems. Mixing both empirical legal and child welfare research, the book demonstrates the ways in which risk aversion and fear drive best interest decision-making to the detriment of both practitioners and the children they aim to serve. It argues that a children's rights framework starting with normalcy is a better tool for promoting child participation and centering the child within the dependency process. The book will be of interest to academics, researchers and policymakers working in the areas of children's rights law, child welfare and international human rights law.

This collection is an essential supplement to the recent academic handbooks on children's rights studies and international children's rights law. Over the years, the international legal framework on children's rights has evolved into a complex system, which includes United Nations treaties and resolutions, regional human rights instruments, such as treaties, recommendations, resolutions, and guidelines, both of private and public international law. For students, researchers, and professionals, navigating this complex social and legal landscape can be challenging. A comprehensive and easily accessible overview of these legal sources is crucial for effectively understanding and promoting children's rights. Edited by leading experts in the field, this book is meticulously designed to provide exactly that, making it an invaluable resource for anyone dedicated to the protection and promotion of children's rights.

Offers an assessment of how children's rights take shape and are realized at various stages of child development and, in turn, can and should inform law and policyChildren's rights and child development frameworks are critical to understanding children's lived experiences, advancing child wellbeing, and implementing children's rights. However, research in the two fields has proceeded largely on separate tracks. Children's Rights and Child Development seeks to forge opportunities to deepen understanding about children's rights in light of the scientific research on child development to inform fresh perspectives on research, law, and policy affecting children.Drawing on existing literature, studies, and research, Children's Rights and Child Development provides an in-depth examination of the fundamental stages in childhood development—early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. The book goes beyond the often very general language in law and policies that considers children as a homogenous group. It delineates how the rights of young people can be understood at each stage of development and how this can, and should, inform law and policy on children's rights.Integrating children's perspectives with the expertise from leading scholars in children's rights and child development, Todres and Kilkelly reveal how an integrated approach to child rights and child development can be most impactful to child advocacy. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in child advocacy, offering insight into how the rights of young people can be understood at different stages of development, in a developmentally appropriate and rights compliant manner.

Children's Rights, ‘Foreign Fighters', Counter-Terrorism emphasises the vulnerability of children in situations of war, conflict and radicalisation. Presenting innovative interdisciplinary work in the field, this book highlights how an increasingly high number of returning foreign fighters – and by proxy their children – are being refused re-entry to their country of primary citizenship, leading to a significant number of children trapped in conflict regions.Incorporating data from a broad range of scholarship and empirical sources, the authors outline linkages between counter-terrorism knowledge, policy, and practice, as well as child rights and counter-terrorism law. They argue that to foster the growth and development of children it is imperative to remove all stains of criminality and support their repatriation. Exploring issues of nationality rights and statelessness, the chapters examine the cancellation of citizenship as a strategy of preventative counter-terrorism, while dissecting relevant cases across Asia, Australia, Europe and North America.This cutting-edge book is essential for academics in human rights, terrorism and security law, humanitarian law, public law, international child law, family law, and migration and citizenship. Its comparative and international coverage of child rights and counter-terror measures will also benefit national security and human rights practitioners.

This book points to a crisis at the heart of modern family law's treatment of “collaborative family-making”: gamete contributions, surrogate motherhood, adoption, functional parenthood, foster care, and kin caregiving. Born of inequality and anchored by exclusivity and secrecy, the dominant legal framework governing collaborative family-making focuses on the acquisition of collaborative services by legal and intended parents without expecting or fostering any lasting bonds between them. This acquisitional framework is starkly disconnected from empirical accounts of the lived experience of collaborations, which demonstrate complex and ongoing relational attachments that extend beyond a transactional moment. At the intersection of law and sociology, the book challenges the law to account for relational realities that fail to conform to neat legal categories of parent and stranger, asking: How should the law reflect the complex interconnections between families and family-making collaborators? Should collaborators be treated as legal strangers? Who is impacted by the lack of legal status possessed by family-making collaborators? Who benefits and who loses? Ultimately, this is a work of optimism that seeks to facilitate family-making collaborations in more ethical ways by insisting that family law recognize and support family-making collaborators. It introduces a bold new legal framework of interconnection and guides the reader in implementing practical legal and contractual changes that promote human dignity, uphold children's right to identity, and support ongoing relational attachments with adults who are fundamental to children's lives. The volume provides deep and accessible insight into families and family law for legal practitioners, academics, students, and laypersons interested in family-making collaboration.

This book focuses on the role and content of the principle of the welfare interests of the child, considers the extent to which the principle has changed following its varied elevation by the introduction of paramountcy and reviews the distinction between welfare interests and rights.Providing an updated record of developments in the framework of relevant international law, the book assesses the contemporary relevance of established and emerging themes in the flow of cases dealing with the welfare interests and rights of children in England, Wales, Ireland, the U.S., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, France and Germany. By identifying and analysing the functions of the principle in hybrid proceedings (including adoption from state care and commercial surrogacy) the book completes the analysis of the law relating to children in public (care and protection) and in private (divorce, custody, etc.) family law as a whole, revealing characteristic jurisdictional differences and facilitating a comparative assessment of their significance. By examining the international framework of legislation and related caselaw it identifies and assesses unfolding themes in the law relating to children. In addition to a digest of international cases and legislation that identifies and tracks the role of this principle in civil and criminal law, lawyers, academics and other researchers will find a wealth of information on how it has evolved to reflect corresponding changes in society.

This thoroughly updated second edition presents a comprehensive legal perspective on the inherently interdisciplinary field of children's rights. Chapters provide an article-by-article analysis of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, including its Optional Protocols, as well as contextualised advice on the interpretation and implementation of its provisions.The Commentary critically engages with the Convention, exploring its position within the wider context of human rights law and other multidisciplinary fields such as the sociology of childhood. This second edition includes a revised introduction focusing on contemporary challenges and opportunities for children's rights, new material on children in conflict with the law and the individual complaints procedure, and updated discussions of recent case law in regional human rights systems.Drawing on global perspectives, this new edition is an invaluable resource for students and researchers in family law, human rights, public international law and the sociology of law. It will also be of great interest to practitioners and policymakers in children's services, education, social work, psychology and healthcare.

A series of recent high-profile court cases has demonstrated the inadequacy of current laws in addressing issues relating to medical treatment decisions involving seriously ill children. The challenges of determining that life-sustaining medical treatment is not in a young child's best interests have resulted in criticism of the best interests principle. This book explores the theoretical foundations of the best interests principle, and alternatives offered in the academic literature, to allow readers to understand why the principle remains contentious despite its prevalence. It provides theoretical background, exploration of what occurs in practice, and proposes a novel approach to address these challenges. Frameworks for decision-making identified in the academic literature are used to examine the application of the best interests principle in practice in England and Wales, Australia, and New Zealand through a review of the case law and qualitative research with paediatric doctors. The exploration of current practice allows readers to understand the challenges of applying the best interests principle, but also the need to retain a focus on the child. Readers are introduced to a human-rights based approach, which ensures that the focus remains on upholding the child's best interests but also provides a more comprehensive explanation of the situation. Progressing the debate around end-of-life decision-making and children, the book will be a valuable resource for academics, researchers and policy-makers. It will also provide practical guidance to both legal and medical practitioners in managing disputes about the provision of life-sustaining treatment.

Vom Kindeswohl ist meist dann die Rede, wenn es gefährdet scheint und Anlass für staatliche Eingriffe bietet. Doch setzt es eine positive Vorstellung des Kindeswohls voraus, um einen Maßstab für das zu vermeidende Negative zu bilden. Sein Verständnis unterliegt seit geraumer Zeit einem großen Wandel. Der Begriff schafft in seiner semantischen Offenheit Entscheidungsspielräume für Institutionen. Er ermöglicht die Autonomie des Kindes, gewährleistet aber zugleich den Eltern Freiräume in der Erziehung. Wie eine das Gute betonende sowie zeitgemäße Bestimmung von Kindeswohl gelingen und eine wohlbegründete Verantwortung des Staates für das gefährdete Kind ausgestaltet sein sollte, bildet den Gegenstand dieses Bandes. Er sammelt Stimmen aus der Ethik, Pädagogik, Rechtswissenschaft und Theologie.

Ons jeugdrechtssysteem staat onder grote druk. In de afgelopen decennia is een stroom aan brandbrieven, kritische rapporten, wetenschappelijke onderzoeken en proefschriften gepubliceerd over de problemen rond uithuisplaatsing, gesloten jeugdhulp en het verblijf in justitiële jeugdinrichtingen. Daaruit blijkt dat kinderrechten in de wet niet vanzelfsprekend leiden tot kinderrechten in de praktijk. In dat kader gedane aanbevelingen zijn maar beperkt opgevolgd en het systeem is door opeenvolgende reorganisaties en herzieningen onoverzichtelijk, log en bureaucratisch geworden.In deze inaugurele rede worden de genoemde problemen nader belicht, met elkaar verbonden en geconfronteerd met de oorspronkelijke kindvriendelijke bedoelingen van de wetgever. Om te laten zien dat het anders kan, wordt ingezoomd op de Spaanse jeugdinrichtingen, waar de rechter en officier van justitie persoonlijk toezicht houden en er korte lijntjes zijn met het beleid. Tot slot licht de auteur toe waarom ze de justitiële jeugdinterventies in het kader van deze leerstoel primair vanuit het perspectief van de jongeren zal onderzoeken en waar mogelijk in samenwerking met hen.

La notion du meilleur intérêt de l'enfant est centrale dans les procédures en droit familial et en protection de la jeunesse. Cet ouvrage unique porte un regard critique et multidisciplinaire sur cette notion et sur son application dans un contexte de violence conjugale, où l'enfant doit être reconnu comme une victime à part entière de cette violence. En plus de mettre en évidence certains enjeux présents dans les pratiques auprès de ces enfants et de leur famille, il propose des pistes prometteuses pour assurer la sécurité et le bien-être des victimes de violence conjugale. Une réflexion sur le meilleur intérêt des enfants victimes de violence conjugale s'avère nécessaire, particulièrement dans le contexte actuel où des réformes majeures sont en cours dans les secteurs du droit familial et de la protection de la jeunesse. Bien qu'ancré dans la réalité québécoise et canadienne, cet ouvrage intègre des contributions internationales qui abordent des enjeux qui sont aussi présents dans d'autres pays. Il est destiné à la communauté universitaire ainsi qu'aux gestionnaires et aux personnes intervenant dans les secteurs de la violence conjugale, de la protection de la jeunesse et du droit familial.

Children and the Environment offers a unique perspective on the legal protection of children from environmental degradation, a global topic of increasing significance. An original in recent literature, the book calls for viewing children as central in environmental decision-making and presents law and policy proposals, based on current international and regional trends, on topics such as human rights, climate change and the protection from toxics. Drawn from the author's extensive research and practical experience, it will appeal to policy makers, academics, youth activists, and all involved in giving children a healthier and more sustainable environment.

In this commentary, Sabine Witting provides a comprehensive analysis of the Second Optional Protocol to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. This commentary critically reflects on the impact of globalisation, digital technologies and the COVID-19 pandemic on the nature, scope and meaning of the Second Optional Protocol since its adoption on 25 May 2000. Apart from analysing a broad range of topics, from online child sexual abuse to surrogacy and ‘voluntourism', this commentary highlights the importance of establishing child-friendly transnational collaboration mechanisms, conceptualised through a holistic gender lens and taking into consideration the online-offline nexus of violence against children and relevant Global North-Global South dynamics.

For decades, Professor Michael Freeman has without doubt been one of the world's most infuential scholars in international children's rights. His scholarship has been at the forefront of the field and has helped shape many of the developments within it. This collection offers the reader a thought-provoking snapshot of some of his most seminal essays, written and/or published over the past 30 years. Together they highlight above all the interdisciplinary nature of the issues he discusses. Legal doctrinal questions that make the case for recognising that children have rights are of course discussed. But aspects of moral and political philosophy are dealt with as well, in addition to, among other other disciplines, history, theology, psychology and antropology.

In diesem Buch werden Forschungsergebnisse über den Stellenwert von Kinderinteressen im Kinderschutz vorgestellt. Leitmotivisch wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie die Handlungsfähigkeit, Mitgestaltungsmöglichkeiten, Beteiligung am „Austarieren“ von Bedarfen, Anpassungsstrategien und Mechanismen der Selbstselektion von Kindern berücksichtigt werden. Die Darstellung der Befunde zu den Positionierungen der Fachkräfte des Allgemeinen Sozialen Dienstes und der Kindertagesbetreuung im Kinderschutz ermöglichen eine Diskussion über die konkreten professionellen Handlungsmöglichkeiten bei der Wahrnehmung von Kinderinteressen.

Debates about the regulation of drugs are inseparable from talk of children and the young. Yet how has this association come to be so strong, and why does it have so much explanatory, rhetorical and political force? The premise for this book is that the relationship between drugs and childhood merits more exploration beyond simply pointing out that children and drugs are both ‘things we tend to get worried about'. It asks what is at stake when legislators, lobbyists and decision-makers revert to claims about children in order to sustain a given legal or policy position. Beginning with a genealogy of the relationship between the discursive artefacts of ‘drugs'and ‘childhood', the book draws on Foucauldian methodologies to explore how childhood functions as a device in the biopolitical management of drug use(rs) and supply. In addition to analysing decriminalisation initiatives and sentencing measures, it (unusually) reaches beyond the criminal context to consider the significance of the ‘politics of childhood'for law- and policymaking in the fields of family justice and education. It concludes by arguing that the currency of childhood and ‘youth'is not reducible to rhetoric; it shapes the discursive entities of drugs and addiction and is one of the ways in which particular substances become socially, culturally and politically intelligible. At the same time, ‘drugs'serve as a technology of child normalisation.The book will be essential reading for policymakers as well as researchers and students working in the areas of Criminal Justice, Law, Psychology and Sociology.

Thirty years after the adoption of the UN Convention of the Rights of the Child, this book provides diverse perspectives from countries and regions across the globe on its implementation, critique and potential for reform. The book revolves around key issues including progress in implementing the CRC worldwide; how to include children in legal proceedings; how to uphold children's various civil rights; how to best assist children at risk; and discussions surrounding children's identity rights in a changing familial order. Discussion of the CRC is both compelling and polarizing and the book portrays the enthusiasm around these topics through contrasting and comparative opinions on a range of topics. The work provides varying perspectives from many different countries and regions, offering a wealth of insight on topics that will be of significant interest to scholars and practitioners working in the areas of children's rights and justice.

Mit der jüngsten Reform des Kinder- und Jugendhilferechts wird die längst überfällige Forderung nach einer inklusiven Hilfeplanung durch gesetzliche Weichenstellungen gestärkt. Welche Weichen das sind und wie sie sich an den Schnittstellen zwischen Hilfe-, Gesamt- und Teilhabeplanung in die Praxis übersetzen lassen, dazu bündelt der Sammelband erstmals verschiedene theoretische Ansätze, fachliche Perspektiven und pädagogische Konzepte aus dem Bereich der Eingliederungs- und der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe. Die unterschiedlichen Beiträge machen deutlich, wie sich Inklusion und Hilfeplanung in ein Verhältnis zueinander setzen lassen und stellen damit eine erste Zusammenschau von Perspektiven und Impulsen aus dem Modellprojekt'Inklusion jetzt! – Entwicklung von Konzepten für die Praxis'bereit.

In 1973, Hillary Rodham Clinton famously stated that'children's rights'is a slogan in search of a definition, used to bolster various arguments for peace and for specific rights, but without any coherent conception of children as political beings. In 1989, the United Nations established the basis for this definition in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), a document every nation in the world, save the United States, has ratified. Still, human rights theorists, scholars, and jurists continue to disagree as to the theoretical justification for children's human rights. In Suffer the Children, Richard P. Hiskes establishes the first substantive theoretical foundation for the human rights of children. As Hiskes argues, recognizing the rights of children fundamentally alters the meaning and usefulness of human rights in a global context. Ironically, the case for children's rights, as Hiskes argues, should be seen as the evolution, distillation, or'maturing'of human rights in general. Children's human rights will end the debate about whether groups can have rights because, globally, many rights claims today are precisely group claims, including those from children. Moreover, Hiskes provides a new critical assessment of the United Nations CRC and explores child activism for human rights worldwide--in courts, on social networks, and in public demonstrations--to show how children are already claiming their rights in ways that will fundamentally change the meaning both of rights themselves and of democratic processes. Giving children rights in a way that avoids privileging any single cultural experience of children would make rights no longer a'Western,'individualistic idea, but a truly global one.

JeugdrechtIn deze Boom Basics staat het Jeugdrecht centraal. Boom Basics: snel inzicht in een rechtsgebiedDoor de duidelijke schema's, de puntsgewijze uitleg en de sprekende voorbeelden kom je direct tot de kern van de zaak. Perfect voor tentamenvoorbereiding of een snelle opfrissing van je kennis!

In der öffentlichen Diskussion und Berichterstattung durch die Medien erfährt das Thema'Kindeswohlgefährdung'zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit. Die oftmals dramatischen Einzelfälle empören, schockieren und lösen eine verstärkte Forderung nach Maßnahmen durch die öffentliche Jugendhilfe aus. Doch im Umgang mit Kindeswohlgefährdung sind nicht nur die öffentlichen Jugendhilfeträger gefragt, sondern alle Institutionen, die durch ihre spezifischen Aufgaben und Tätigkeiten Zugang zu Lebensfeldern von Kindern und Jugendlichen haben. Neben der Darstellung der rechtlichen Handlungsmöglichkeiten des Jugendamtes, insbesondere nach § 8a SGB VIII, werden ebenfalls die Handlungsmöglichkeiten der freien Träger, der Schule sowie von Ärztinnen und Ärzten erläutert. Das Buch soll der Orientierung von Fachkräften dieses Sektors dienen wie auch in Ausbildungszusammenhängen der Sozialarbeit / Sozialpädagogik Verwendung finden. Es geht um die berufsspezifischen Handlungsmöglichkeiten und -pflichten, um einer Kindeswohlgefährdung im jeweiligen Hilfekontext - auch präventiv - begegnen zu können.

This book examines the rights of the child using the global framework of the United Nations International Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989. Analysing both public and private international legal aspects, this cross-disciplinary text promotes a holistic understanding of the ongoing development of child law, children's rights and the protection of the child. In-depth analyses of the following topic areas are included: Childhood in the digital age; Child labour; International parental child abduction; Inter-country adoption; Sexual exploitation; Children and armed conflict; and Indigenous children. These topics are contextualised with further chapters on the concept of childhood and children's rights, the international legal framework in which the Convention operates and a substantive chapter on the Convention itself. This fourth edition has been updated and revised, including a new chapter dealing with issues arising from childhood in the age of unprecedented digital technological advancements; a crucial issue for childhood experiences in modern times. This edition also includes new case studies, recent legal developments in the field of international child law, and inclusion of broader scholarship to capture diverse views on international law and child law. The aim of this book is to provide the reader with an accessible, informed, critical and scholarly account of the international law framework relating to children. Drawing on a range of legal and other disciplines, this book remains a valuable resource for those in the course of study and research in this area.

This book examines how and why, in the context of International Relations, children's subjecthood has all too often been relegated to marginal terrains and children themselves automatically associated with the need for protection in vulnerable situations: as child soldiers, refugees, and conflated with women, all typically with the accent on the Global South. Challenging us to think critically about childhood as a technology of global governance, the authors explore alternative ways of finding children and their agency in a more central position in IR, in terms of various forms of children's activism, children and climate change, children and security, children and resilience, and in their inevitable role in governing the future. Focusing on the problems, pitfalls, promises, and prospects of addressing children and childhoods in International Relations, this book places children more squarely in the purview of political subjecthood and hence more centrally in IR.

Das Thema Migration ist ein zentraler Gegenstand der aktuellen gesellschaftlichen Debatte und prägt den politischen und medialen Diskurs. Auch das Recht und im Besonderen das Familienrecht steht angesichts der Komplexität der Materie und der Masse an Fällen vor Herausforderungen. Aufbauend auf eine Systematisierung der Rechtsquellen und Anknüpfungssubjekte entwickelt Frederike Heitmann einen Lösungsansatz für die Vereinfachung der Rechtsanwendung, bezogen auf alle Rechtsfragen, die das Personalstatut des Flüchtlings betreffen. Konkret wird die These aufgestellt, dass das Personalstatut bei Flüchtlingen und subsidiär Schutzberechtigten einheitlich an den gewöhnlichen Aufenthalt angeknüpft werden sollte. Anschließend widmet sich die Autorin spezifischen Herausforderungen des Familienrechts, wie dem Umgang mit minderjährigen unbegleiteten Flüchtlingen, Minderjährigenehen und polygamen Ehen.

Children's Rights and Business: Governing Obligations and Responsibility is a comprehensive legal inquiry into children's rights and business. Relying on insights from various disciplines, the book illustrates the need for a children-focused inquiry on business and human rights. An analysis of the norm legalization process around the regulation of business and human rights, particularly of children's rights follows the inquiry into existing hard and soft law regulatory frameworks on children's rights and business. The book goes on to evaluate the promise of these frameworks in light of globalized business transactions through the lens of in-depth case illustrations on children's rights in cotton and mineral supply chains and children's rights in large-scale energy and transport investment projects. Finally, it concludes with a normative outlook on governing the children's rights obligations of businesses and responsibility when violations occur, drawing on global governance approaches.

Written to commemorate 30 years since the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), The Routledge International Handbook of Young Children's Rights reflects upon the status of children aged 0–8 years around the world, whether they are respected or neglected, and how we may move forward. With contributions from international experts and emerging authorities on children's rights, Murray, Blue Swadener and Smith have produced this highly significant textbook on young children's rights globally.Containing sections on policy, along with rights to protection, provision and participation for young children, this book combines discussions of children's rights and early childhood development, and investigates the crucial yet frequently overlooked link between the two. The authors examine how policy, practice and research could be utilised to address the barriers to universal respect for children, to create a safer and more enriching world for them to live and flourish in. The Routledge International Handbook of Young Children's Rights is an essential resource for students and academics in early childhood education, social work and paediatrics, as well as for researchers, policymakers, leaders and practitioners involved in the provision of children's services and paedeatric healthcare, and international organisations with an interest in or ability to influence national or global policies on children's rights.

This book is about harmful traditional practices: damaging and often violent acts which include female genital mutilation, forced marriage, honour killings and abuse, breast ironing, witchcraft and faith-based abuse. Often targeting women and young girls, these practices are often justified on spurious religious or traditional grounds but are all forms of abuse. Roberts, Campbell and Sarkaria have backgrounds in psychology, policing and law and have spent many years working at the forefront of attempts to end these practices. Harmful Traditional Practices is therefore a uniquely pragmatic book which aims to inform readers about these acts while identifying the best approaches towards ending and prosecuting against them.

Schutz der Freiheits- und Selbstbestimmungsrechte von Kindern- und Jugendlichen Seit Jahren steigt die Antragstellung für die Anwendung von freiheitsentziehenden Maßnahmen bei Minderjährigen bei den Familiengerichten. Skandale der letzten Jahre haben dafür gesorgt, dass neue rechtliche Vorgaben geschaffen wurden, wenn Kinder und Jugendliche in Krankenhäusern, Heimen oder sonstigen Einrichtungen mit freiheitseinschränkenden bzw. -entziehenden Maßnahmen “ruhiggestellt” werden sollen. Dieses Praxishandbuch Freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen bei Minderjährigen in Einrichtungen beschäftigt sich mit den zentralen Fragen: Welche Hintergründe und Ursachen kommen dafür in Betracht? Wie sind die rechtlichen Voraussetzungen zivilrechtlicher Freiheitsentziehung geregelt und was müssen Einrichtungen, Eltern und ggf. auch das Jugendamt beachten? Wo steht der Minderjährige in diesem Gefüge, wie wird seine Rechtsposition gestärkt und seinem Schutzbedarf Rechnung getragen? Welche Alternativen gibt es, um einen solchen gravierenden Eingriff in das Selbstbestimmungsrecht zu vermeiden? Was ist ein Verfahrenspfleger und wie kann er solche kritischen Situationen günstig beeinflussen? Ein unverzichtbarer Leitfaden für Mitarbeitende in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe, der Behindertenhilfe, im Jugendvollzug, in Kliniken, Heimen und sonstigen Einrichtungen

Praxishandbuch zum BayKiBiG Die 5. Auflage des'Bayerischen Kinderbildungs- und -betreuungsrechts'gibt verständliche Antworten auf die Vielzahl der in der täglichen Praxis auftretenden Fragen zum Förderrecht. Das Handbuch hilft allen Beteiligten bei der Bewältigung der Herausforderungen beim Vollzug der gesetzlichen Grundlagen und der Umsetzung des Bayerischen Bildungs- und Erziehungsplans. Umfassend – kompetent – anschaulich Der pädagogische Teil dieser Auflage berücksichtigt die Anpassungen an die gesetzlichen Änderungen. Der Hauptteil widmet sich der Kommentierung der einzelnen Vorschriften unter Berücksichtigung der für die Praxis relevanten arbeitsministeriellen Schreiben. Darüber hinaus enthält das Buch zahlreiche Fallbeispiele aus der Praxis für die Praxis. Die 5. Auflage berücksichtigt den Sachstand bis März 2020. Die wichtigsten Änderungen In die Neuauflage wurden das im Zuge der vermehrten Betreuung von Kindern mit Fluchthintergrund neu geregelte Gebot der Gesichtsverhüllung sowie die Änderungen durch das Bayerische Integrationsgesetz eingearbeitet. Die Änderung des Art. 18 Abs. 2 BayKiBiG (Förderverfahren) trägt der technischen Weiterentwicklung in der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung, insbesondere dem online-gestützten Antrags- und Auswerteverfahren KiBiG.web, Rechnung. Die Ausweitung der Beitragsentlastung für Eltern ab dem 1. Kindergartenjahr mit Wirkung zum 1.4.2019 sowie die Einführung des sog. Krippengeldes zum 1.1.2020 wurden gesetzlich im BayKiBiG verankert. Mit praktischem Anhang Den Abschluss bildet ein umfangreicher Anhang mit Richtlinien, unter anderem zur Förderung der Inklusion in der Kindertagespflege, sowie einer Musterbetriebserlaubnis. Das Buch wendet sich vor allem an pädagogische Fachkräfte in Kindertageseinrichtungen, Fachberatungen, Eltern, freie Träger und Vereinigungen, Gemeinden, Städte, Wohlfahrtsverbände kirchliche Einrichtungen.

Children's rights law is a relatively young but rapidly developing discipline. The U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, the field's core legal instrument, is the most widely ratified human rights treaty in history. Yet, like children themselves, children's rights are often relegated to the margins in mainstream legal, political, and other discourses, despite their application to approximately one-third of the world's population and every human being's first stages of life. Now thirty years old, the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) signalled a definitive shift in the way that children are viewed and understood--from passive objects subsumed within the family to full human beings with a distinct set of rights. Although the CRC and other children's rights law have spurred positive changes in law, policies, and attitudes toward children in numerous countries, implementation remains a work in progress. We have reached a state in the evolution of children's rights in which we need more critical evaluation and assessment of the CRC and the large body of children's rights law and policy that this treaty has inspired. We have moved from conceptualizing and adopting legislation to focusing on implementation and making the content of children's rights meaningful in the lives of all children. This book provides a critical evaluation and assessment of children's rights law, including the CRC. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners from around the world, it aims to elucidate the content of children's rights law, explore the complexities of implementation, and identify critical challenges and opportunities for children's rights law.

Esta obra analiza tres experiencias centradas en el uso de diferentes recursos artísticos (dibujo, música y creación literaria) para aproximarse a la Convención de los Derechos del Niño y ayudar a los escolares a empoderarse como sujetos de derecho. Por otra parte, la obra ofrece una novedosa reflexión sobre la naturaleza de la educación, una tarea que supone un pacto disimétrico entre educandos y educadores, una tensión enormemente productiva. A lo largo de la obra se refiere la educación como un desafío que implica una aparente contradicción entre la necesidad de proteger, ayudar, cuidar, atender y enseñar a los niños y niñas y, por otra parte, la necesidad de no limitarlos, considerarlos “menos humanos” o todavía incapaces, pedirles pasividad o que esperen hasta la edad adulta. Para los autores es importante pensar que la educación debe reconocer la fragilidad y las necesidades de niños y niñas sin por ello menoscabar su derecho a tener opinión, a expresarla libremente, a ser responsables y a participar.

According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the goal of a social justice approach for children is to ensure that children “are better served and protected by justice systems, including the security and social welfare sectors.” Despite this worthy goal, the UN documents how children are rarely viewed as stakeholders in justice rules of law; child justice issues are often dealt with separate from larger justice and security issues; and when justice issues for children are addressed, it is often through a siloed, rather than a comprehensive approach. This volume actively challenges the current youth social justice paradigm through terminology and new approaches that place children and young people front and center in the social justice conversation. Through international consideration, children and young people worldwide are incorporated into the social justice conversation.

Children often fare the worst when communities face social and environmental changes. The quality of food, water, affection and education that children receive can have major impacts on their subsequent lives and their potential to become engaged and productive citizens. At the same time, children often lack both a private and public voice, and are powerless against government and private decision-making. In taking a child rights-based approach to sustainable development, this volume defines and identifies children as the subjects of development, and explores how their rights can be respected, protected and promoted while also ensuring the economic, social and environmental sustainability of our planet.

This book explores the meaning and implementation of international children's rights law, as laid down in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and related international and regional human rights instruments. It considers the application of international children's rights at the national level and addresses key procedural and institutional matters concerning children's rights implementation, including monitoring, complaints mechanisms, effective remedies, advocacy and international agenda-setting. The book breaks new ground by analysing a wide range of international children's rights issues from a legal perspective. It incorporates a comparative perspective on children's rights law at the international, regional and domestic level and contains information on evidence-based strategies towards the implementation and enforcement of international children's rights law.The book is targeted at academics, legal and other professionals, and advanced students. It analyses children's rights law in the following areas: implementation and enforcement; advocacy and standard setting; complaints and remedies; the child and the family; adoption; alternative care; protection from violence; civil rights of the child; economic, social and cultural rights; education; health; migration and refugees; children and the justice system; children with disabilities; deprivation of liberty; children's rights and digital technologies; war and disaster; sustainable development goals and further contemporary issues.

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is the most extensive and widely ratified international human rights treaty. This Commentary offers a comprehensive analysis of each of the substantive provisions in the Convention and its Optional Protocols on Children and Armed Conflict, and the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Pornography. It provides a detailed insight into the drafting history of these instruments, the scope and nature of the rights accorded to children, and the obligations imposed on states to secure the implementation of these rights. In doing so, it draws on the work of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, international, regional, and domestic courts, academic and interdisciplinary scholarly analyses. It is of relevance to anyone working on matters affecting children including government officials, policy makers, judicial officers, lawyers, educators, social workers, health professionals, academics, aid and humanitarian workers, and members of civil society.

This comprehensive Commentary presents a contemporary legal perspective on the inherently interdisciplinary field of children's rights. Chapters analyse each article of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, along with its Optional Protocols, providing contextualised information on the interpretation and implementation of the children's rights provisions therein. A detailed introduction examines the history of the Convention and places it within the wider landscape of human rights and other disciplinary approaches such as the sociology of childhood. The Commentary critically engages with the text of the Convention, exploring commonly used concepts and defining pertinent terminology. The authors draw on multiple perspectives and refer to disciplines outside of law to enrich the analysis of the articles, their interpretation and the study of children's rights as a discipline. Featuring examples of case law from regional human rights systems this Commentary provides a well-rounded insight into the status of children's rights on a global scale. Written in an accessible style, this Commentary will be a valuable reference work for students, researchers, practitioners and policymakers alike. The Commentary will be of great interest to those working within children's rights law and human rights law. Researchers in politics, sociology and international studies who are seeking further information and insight on the rights of children will also find this Commentary to be a useful point of reference.

This open access book critically explores what child protection policy and professional practice would mean if practice was grounded in human rights standards. This book inspires a new direction in child protection research – one that critically assesses child protection policy and professional practice with regard to human rights in general, and the rights of the child in particular. Each chapter author seeks to approach the rights of the child from their own academic field of interest and through a comparative lens, making the research relevant across nation-state practices. The book is split into five parts to focus on the most important aspects of child protection. The first part explains the origins, aim, and scope of the book; the second part explores aspects of professionalism and organization through law and policy; and the third part discusses several key issues in child protection and professional practice in depth. The fourth part discusses selected areas of importance to child protection practices (low-impact in-house measures, public care in residential care and foster care respectively) and the fifth part provides an analytical summary of the book. Overall, it contributes to the present need for a more comprehensive academic debate regarding the rights of the child, and the supranational perspective this brings to child protection policy and practice across and within nation-states.

First published 1999, this book attempts to answer these questions and takes a broad approach to the subject of'Childhood and Trauma'. It examines in detail separation, sexual abuse and war, all of which are particularly traumatizing to children, and how they are dealt with in different cultures. In addition to describing the causes and impacts of trauma, the book also gives special attention to healing and helping traumatized children. One chapter deals solely with how to support professional caregivers who live and work with affected children. Another aim of the book is to use the practical experience of SOS Children's Villages to illustrate the possibilities and limits of professional care and therapy for traumatized children. The Book comprises a total of 17 articles provided by authors from eight different countries and pursues both a practical and theoretical approach to the problems mentioned above.'Children and Trauma'is intended for psychologists, psychotherapists, educators, social workers as well as a broader audience of professional caregivers and anyone interested in the subject.

This title was first published in 2000: This anthology of essays focuses on the human rights of children in the area of sexuality. Looking at the theoretical aspects, essays examine the history and construction of concepts of childhood and child sexuality, while other essays take an interdisciplinary approach, examining anthropological, sociological, psychological and economic perspectives on law and childhood sexuality. Specific problems that arise in litigation and judicial practice are looked at in more detail, and in some cases, comparative and international approaches are taken to the examination of law reform and initiatives in selected countries and in international organizations.

This volume brings together new essays in law and philosophy on a broad range of topics in children's and family law. It is the first volume to bring together essays by legal scholars and philosophers for an integrated, critical analysis of key issues in this area, marking the'coming of age'of a comparatively new field of family law. Debates in children's and family law are at once theoretical and empirical in nature. Not only does children's and family law have significant consequences for individuals'intimate lives, the field's impact on lived experience highlights the socially constructed nature of law. Approaching this area of law often involves exploring a legal concept familiar from daily life, such as the very notion of'marriage'or'family', and examining it within its social, economic, and historical context. The normative basis for law regulating intimate personal and family life extends beyond any narrow legal philosophy or social context to its broader foundations in theories of morality or justice. The chapters included bring together a representative and broad range of pieces that engage with long-standing and contemporary debates. A wide range of perspectives is represented on topics such as same-sex marriage, polygamy and polyamory, alimony, unmarried cohabitation, gestational surrogacy and assisted reproductive technologies, child support, parental rights and responsibilities, children's rights, family immigration, religious freedom, and the rights of paid caregivers. There is also philosophical discussion of concepts such as care, intimacy, and the nature of family and family law itself.

In armed conflicts around the world, children are being killed, raped, abducted and recruited to fight at a shocking scale. In light of this continuing general failure to protect children in conflict, it is questionable whether existing international law norms and institutions provide sufficient protection and accountability. Consideration needs to be given to whether international law can do more – practically and effectively – when moral lines are crossed. That is the purpose of this book. It reviews the position of children in armed conflict by reference to the'six grave violations'as identified by the UN Security Council. It analyses the protection offered by international humanitarian law, international criminal law and international human rights law, and also assesses the related adjudicative accountability mechanisms. The analysis concludes with a number of recommendations and proposals for reform, with a view to enhancing accountability and deterring future violations.The book has been written by a team of lawyers, headed by Shaheed Fatima QC, and has drawn on the input of an expert advisory panel comprising leading academics, policy-makers and activists. It has been written as part of the Inquiry on Protecting Children in Conflict. The Inquiry has been sponsored by Save the Children and Theirworld and chaired by former UK Prime Minister, Gordon Brown.

This book examines the position of children who provide tissue to potentially save the life of another. It questions whether child donors of all ages have been treated appropriately and whether they are sufficiently protected in acting as tissue donors, and ultimately considers whether a new regulatory response is needed to benefit donor children.The book couples a legal exposition of the donor child's position with the medico-ethical reality of clinical practice. In recent years, a growing body of literature concerning the clinical experiences and outcomes for child donors has emerged. This book adds to this by examining another dimension – the regulatory frameworks at play. It examines the ethical arguments for and against children acting as tissue donors and provides an original analysis of the legal and non-legal regulatory frameworks governing children's participation in the United Kingdom, United States and Australia. It combines these doctrinal and theoretical approaches with insights into clinical practice gained from the results of qualitative research conducted with health professionals.The analysis inevitably explores the more general issues of children's right to make medical decisions, the role of parents in decision-making, the value of the best interests test and alternative (legal and ethical) standards, rights of participation of children before the courts, and the role of law and other forms of regulation in a clinical context.

This book will challenge the orthodox view that children cannot have the same rights as adults because they are particularly vulnerable. It will argue that we should treat adults and children in the same way as the child liberationists claim. However, the basis of that claim is not that children are more competent than we traditionally given them credit for, but rather that adults are far less competent than we give them credit for. It is commonly assumed that children are more vulnerable. That is why we need to have a special legal regime for children. Children cannot have all the same rights as adults and need especial protect from harms. While in the 1970s “child liberationists” mounted a sustained challenge to this image, arguing that childhood was a form of slavery and that the assumption that children lacked capacity was unsustainable. This movement has significantly fallen out of favour, particularly given increasing awareness of child abuse and the multiple ways that children can be harmed at the hands of adults. This book will explore the concept of vulnerability, the way it used to undermine the interests of children and our assumptions that adults are not vulnerable in the same way that children are. It will argue that a law based around mutual vulnerability can provide an approach which avoids the need to distinguish adults and children.

Focusing on children's citizenship, participation and rights, this edited collection draws on the work of a number of leading scholars in the sociology of childhood. The contributors explore a range of themes including: tensions between pragmatism and grand theory; revisiting agency/structure debates in the light of children; the challenging of binary thought prevalent in studies around'generations'and other aspects of sociology; the manifestation of power in time and space; the application of theories into the'real'world through NGOs, practitioners, policy makers, politicians and empirical research. The collection will be of interest to students and scholars across a range of disciplines including childhood studies, sociology, politics and social policy, as well as policy makers and practitioners interested in the citizenship, rights and participation of children.

This accessible and authoritative book provides the first systematic overview of the global children's rights movement. It introduces both beginners and experts to child and youth rights in all their theoretical, historical, cultural, political, and practical complexity. In the process, the book examines key controversies about globalization, cultural relativism, social justice, power, economics, politics, freedom, ageism, and more. Combining vivid examples with cutting-edge scholarship, Children's Rights: Today's Global Challenge lifts up the rights of the youngest third of humanity as the major human rights challenge of the twenty-first century.

Children make up half of the world's refugees and over 40 per cent of the world's asylum seekers. However, children are largely invisible in historical and contemporary refugee law. Furthermore, there has been very limited interaction between the burgeoning children's rights framework, in particular the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), and the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees (Refugee Convention). This book explores the possibility of a children's rights approach to the interpretation of the Refugee Convention and within that what such an approach might look like.In order to construct a children's rights approach, the conceptualisations of children outside the legal discipline, within international children's rights law and then within refugee law and refugee discourse are analysed. The approach taken is socio-legal and comparative in nature and the suitability of the Refugee Convention as a framework for the interpretation of child claims is examined. The book analyses to what extent the Refugee Convention is capable of dealing with claims from children based on the modern conceptualisation of children, which is underscored by two competing ideologies: the child as a vulnerable object in law to be protected and the child as subject with rights and the capacity to exercise their agency. The influence each regime has had on the other is also analysed. The work discusses how a children's rights approach might improve outcomes for child applicants.The book makes an original contribution to child refugee discourse and as such will be an invaluable resource for academics, researchers and policymakers working in the areas of migration and asylum law, children's rights and international human rights law.

La loi de mars 2007 réformant la protection de l'enfance, confirmée par celle de mars 2016, a mis au coeur de son dispositif la notion d'intérêt de l'enfant. Cette notion doit guider les professionnels (travailleurs sociaux, psychologues, magistrats) dans les décisions qu'ils prennent pour protéger un enfant. Mais qu'est-ce que l'intérêt de l'enfant? Et comment les professionnels interprètent-ils ce qui relèverait de l'intérêt de l'enfant?

This book challenges readers to recognise the conditions that underpin popular approaches to children and young people's participation, as well as the key processes and institutions that have enabled its rise as a global force of social change in new times. The book draws on the vast international literature, as well as interviews with key practitioners, policy-makers, activists, delegates and academics from Japan, South Africa, Brazil, Nicaragua, Australia, the United Kingdom, Finland, the United States and Italy to examine the emergence of the young citizen as a key global priority in the work of the UN, NGOs, government and academia. In so doing, the book engages contemporary and interdisciplinary debates around citizenship, rights, childhood and youth to examine the complex conditions through which children and young people are governed and invited to govern themselves. The book argues that much of what is considered ‘children and young people's participation'todayis part of a wider neoliberal project that emphasises an ideal young citizen who is responsible and rational while simultaneously downplaying the role of systemic inequality and potentially reinforcing rather than overcoming children and young people's subjugation. Yet the book also moves beyond mere critique and offers suggestive ways to broaden our understanding of children and young people's participation by drawing on 15 international examples of empirical research from around the world, including the Philippines, Bangladesh, the United Kingdom, North America, Finland, South Africa, Australia and Latin America. These examples provoke practitioners, policy-makers and academics to think differently about children and young people and the possibilities for their participatory citizenship beyond that which serves the political agendas of dominant interest groups.