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The core concept of electronic money is blockchain, which can be regarded as a decentralized database. It is a decentralized storage service that does not rely on third-party storage. It records each transaction information on the block. Related applications include electronic ledgers, which further extend smart contracts. In storage, not only record transactions, but the extended smart contract can be used in medical treatment, recording the patient's medical records. However, there is a need for privacy in medical records, and it must be able to be accessed by appropriate people in accordance with the authority. So it needs a technology like Enigma to achieve it. Enigma uses multi-party computation (hereinafter referred to as MPC) and distributed hash-table (hereinafter referred to as DHT) technology, combined with the blockchain to divide the data to be stored into public blocks and private parts The blockchain has an existing way of computing and storing, and private data is Enigma's method of computing and storing by using the method called Off-Chain. Only authenticated users can access private data. However, many applications have the need for group sharing and decentralized records. This study uses Enigma to encrypt the data that requires privacy using the key of the encrypted file and then uploads it to DHT for storage, so that the owner of the private data can further share the data securely.

Background Due to differences in genetic background, it is unclear whether the genetic loci identified by the previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of pancreatic cancer also play significant roles in the development of pancreatic cancer among the Taiwanese population. Methods This study aimed to validate the 25 pancreatic cancer GWAS-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a case-control study (278 cases and 658 controls) of pancreatic cancer conducted in Taiwan. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the associations between the GWAS-identified SNPs and pancreatic cancer risk. Gene-environment interaction analysis was conducted to evaluate the interactions between SNPs and environmental factors on pancreatic cancer risk. Results Among the 25 GWAS-identified SNPs, 7 (rs2816938 (~ 11 kb upstream of NR5A2), rs10094872 (~ 28 kb upstream of MYC), rs9581943 (200 bp upstream of PDX1) and 4 chromosome 13q22.1 SNPs: rs4885093, rs9573163, rs9543325, rs9573166) showed a statistically significant association with pancreatic cancer risk in the current study. Additional analyses showed two significant gene-environment interactions (between poor oral hygiene and NR5A2 rs2816938 and between obesity and PDX1 rs9581943) on the risk of pancreatic cancer. Conclusions The current study confirmed the associations between 7 of the 25 GWAS-identified SNPs and pancreatic risk among the Taiwanese population. Furthermore, pancreatic cancer was jointly influenced by lifestyle and medical factors, genetic polymorphisms, and gene-environment interaction. Additional GWAS is needed to determine the genetic polymorphisms that are more relevant to the pancreatic cancer cases occurring in Taiwan.

Additional file 2: Table S2. The association between 25 genome-wide association study-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk of pancreatic cancer

Additional file 1: Table S1. Descriptions of the 25 genome-wide association study-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms of pancreatic cancer