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Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma is an uncommon tumor of the liver with only 30 previous cases reported in the English literature. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of FDC sarcoma although the diagnosis is often missed owing to its rarity. It usually presents with spindle-cell morphology although epithelioid/biphasic morphology is also well-known. This morphological variation can also pose a diagnostic challenge. We discuss a case of unresectable hepatic FDC sarcoma in an adult male that was diagnosed in core biopsy. We highlight the relevant histomorphological differentials and diagnostic approaches to FDC sarcoma in this anecdote.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by florid myelo-megakaryocytic proliferation involving peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen. These results are due to balanced reciprocal translocation between long arm of chromosome 9 and 22 that produces a truncated chromosome 22 (Philadelphia chromosome) leading to fusion of BCR-ABL1 genes causing enhanced autonomous activation of tyrosine kinase and downstream cellular proliferation pathway. While targeted therapy with novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has revolutionized the outcome in such patients, occurrence of additional cytogenetic abnormalities, emergence of TKI resistance, and idiosyncratic marrow suppression following higher generation TKI therapy have posed newer management challenges in CML. This chapter is aimed to highlight the recent updates in the disease biology, stepwise diagnostic work-up, and management guidelines in CML with a brief highlight on the prospect of stem cell transplantation in such condition.

Phyllodes tumor is a paradigm of fibroepithelial neoplasm that accounts for

Current experiment techniques for vorticity measurement suffer from limited spatial and temporal resolution to resolve the small-scale eddy dynamics in turbulence. In this study, we develop a new method for direct vorticity measurement in fluid flows based on digital inline holography (DIH). The DIH system utilizes a collimated laser beam to illuminate the tracers with internal markers and a digital sensor to record the generated holograms. The tracers made of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) prepolymer mixed with internal markers are fabricated using a standard microfluidic droplet generator. A rotation measurement algorithm is developed based on the 3D location reconstruction and tracking of the internal markers and is assessed through synthetic holograms to identify the optimal parameter settings and measurement range (e.g., rotation rate from 0.3 to 0.7 rad/frame under numerical aperture of imaging of 0.25). Our proposed method based on DIH is evaluated by a calibration experiment of single tracer rotation, which yields the same optimal measurement range. Using von K\'arm\'an swirling flow setup, we further demonstrate the capability of the approach to simultaneously measure the Lagrangian rotation and translation of multiple tracers. Our method can measure vorticity in a small region on the order of 100 ${\mu}$m or less and can be potentially used to quantify the Kolmogorov-scale vorticity field in turbulent flows., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures

A 35-year-old male, presented with a slow growing painless cutaneous nodule of 1.5 cm size of 6-month duration. On local examination, single well defined, freely mobile, non-tender skin nodule was found over the dorsum of right hand. Fine needle aspiration of the swelling yielded particulate material. The cytosmears were highly cellular and showed three population of cells comprising of cohesive clusters of larger cells, discretely lying larger cells and smaller lymphocyte like cells. (Figure 1) The cohesive cells were larger with round nuclei, pale chromatin and moderate amount of cytoplasm. Focal rosette like arrangement were noted. The larger scattered cells were in the form of naked nuclei with fragile cytoplasm giving a glycogenated appearance to the background. The third population of cells comprised of smaller cells with a coarsely clumped clock face appearing chromatin resembling lymphocytes. There was no mitosis, nuclear atypia or necrosis. (Figure 2).

A 35-year-old male, presented with gradually increasing abdominal swelling. On examination ascites was found. Cytosmears of the ascitic fluid were highly cellular and showed abundant reactive mesothelial cells, lymphocytes and few clusters of atypical cells. (Figure 1 A) The atypical cells were in cohesive clusters and exhibited enlarged nuclei, high nucleus to cytoplasmic ratio, irregular nuclear membranes, vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli on PAP stain.

Improvement in specific thrust is one of the desirable requirements for Military aero-engine which has led to a tremendous increase in turbine inlet temperatures. This has resulted in combustion chambers to operate at a gas temperature of the order of 2100K, making it difficult for the thermal designers to design a liner cooling configuration to bring down its metal temperature within allowable limits with available coolant air. The present study highlights the computational prediction of cooling effectiveness for impingement-effusion cooled combustor liner. The impingement cooling is adopted to the effusion cooled liner in order to enhance its coolant side heat transfer. 1-Dimensional (1-D) analysis is carried out to obtain a suitable impingement geometry to improve the coolant side heat transfer. Suitable geometrical features like impingement hole diameter (di) and distance of the impingement plate from effusion liner (z) are arrived for enhancement of coolant side heat transfer. Conjugate Heat Transfer analysis (CHT) is carried out for three cooling configurations with different impingement hole diameter. Effusion cooled liner with porosity 1% and holes inclined at 22° and for impingement plate hole porosity of 1.6% is maintained for all the configurations. CHT analysis is carried out for effusion cooled liner using ANSYS Fluent ver.14.5. The film cooling predictions are in good agreement for effusion cooled liner plate with measurements. SST k-ω turbulence model with enhanced wall function predicted well. The effectiveness obtained for effusion cooled liner and impingement-effusion cooled liner are compared. There is an improvement of 34% in effectiveness for impingement-effusion cooled liner compared to effusion cooled liner with a reduction of coolant air mass flow by 10%. The variation of temperature for the impingement-effusion cooled liner is lower. Parametric analysis is also carried out to study the effect of blowing ratio and metal thermal conductivity on the film cooling effectiveness for impingement-effusion cooled liner.

Thick Oxide IO/ESD transistor in 40nm Global Foundry process is studied for reducing leakage while being area efficient and maintaining performance. Gate induced drain leakage(GIDL) and source-drain leakage were found to be the major leakage contributors. Optimum architecture and sizing are found for IO/ESD design and presented in this paper.