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2. Maternal HBV Viremia and Association With Adverse Infant Outcomes in Women Living With HIV and HBV.

Author

Bhattacharya, Debika, Guo, Rong, Tseng, Chi-Hong, Emel, Lynda, Sun, Ren, Chiu, Shih-Hsin, Stranix-Chibanda, Lynda, Chipato, Tsungai, Mohtashemi, Neaka Z, Kintu, Kenneth, Manji, Karim P, Moodley, Dhayendre, Thio, Chloe L, Maldonado, Yvonne, and Currier, Judith S

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Pediatric AIDS, Hepatitis, Hepatitis - B, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Infant Mortality, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Prevention, Pediatric, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Liver Disease, Digestive Diseases, Aetiology, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Anti-HIV Agents, Birth Weight, Coinfection, Double-Blind Method, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B virus, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Nevirapine, Pregnancy, Viral Load, Viremia, pregnancy, low birth weight, hepatitis B virus viral load, HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfection, Sub-saharan Africa, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Pediatrics, Clinical sciences, Paediatrics
Abstract

BackgroundThere is limited information on perinatal outcomes in HIV-hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection.MethodsHIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 046 was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of perinatal transmission that evaluated 6 months of infant nevirapine versus placebo among breast-fed infants. Women living with HIV and their infants enrolled in sub-Saharan Africa from 2007 to 2010; 78% received antiretroviral therapy (ART). Maternal samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). High and low HBV viral load (VL) was defined as ≥106 IU/mL and

Published
2021

5. Maternal HBV Viremia and Association With Adverse Infant Outcomes in Women Living With HIV and HBV

Author

Bhattacharya, Debika, primary, Guo, Rong, additional, Tseng, Chi-Hong, additional, Emel, Lynda, additional, Sun, Ren, additional, Chiu, Shih-Hsin, additional, Stranix-Chibanda, Lynda, additional, Chipato, Tsungai, additional, Mohtashemi, Neaka Z., additional, Kintu, Kenneth, additional, Manji, Karim P., additional, Moodley, Dhayendre, additional, Thio, Chloe L., additional, Maldonado, Yvonne, additional, and Currier, Judith S., additional

Published
2020
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11. Hepatitis B virus clinical and virologic characteristics in an HIV perinatal transmission study in sub-Saharan Africa.

Author

Bhattacharya D, Guo R, Tseng CH, Emel L, Sun R, Zhang TH, Chiu SH, Stranix-Chibanda L, Chipato T, Ship H, Mohtashemi NZ, Kintu K, Manji KP, Moodley D, Maldonado Y, Currier JS, and Thio CL

Subjects
Female, Humans, Infant, Pregnancy, Africa South of the Sahara epidemiology, Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use, DNA, Viral, Hepatitis B e Antigens therapeutic use, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis B virus genetics, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Lamivudine therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Viral Load, Coinfection drug therapy, Hepatitis B drug therapy, Hepatitis B epidemiology, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology
Abstract

Objectives: To describe the clinical and virologic characteristics of HIV-HBV coinfection, including the predictors of high maternal HBV viral load in pregnant women with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)., Methods: HPTN 046 was a HIV perinatal transmission clinical trial evaluating infant nevirapine vs. placebo. Women-infant pairs ( n  = 2016) were enrolled in SSA from 2007 to 2010; 1579 (78%) received antiretrovirals (ARV). Maternal delivery samples were retrospectively tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and if positive, were tested for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV viral load (VL). High HBV VL was defined as ≥10 6  IU/ml., Results: Overall, 4.4% (88/2016) had HBV co-infection, with geographic variability ranging from 2.4% to 8.7% ( P  < 0.0001); 25% (22/88) were HBeAg positive with prevalence in countries ranging from 10.5% to 39%. Fifty-two percentage (40/77) of those with HBV received ARV, the majority (97%) received 3TC as the only HBV active agent. HBeAg positivity was associated with high maternal HBV VL, odds ratio (OR) 37.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.4-252.4. Of those with high HBV VL, 40% (4/10) were receiving HBV active drugs (HBV-ARV). HBV drug resistance occurred in 7.5% (3/40) receiving HBV-ARV., Conclusions: In SSA, HBV co-infection is common in pregnant women with HIV. HBsAg and HBeAg prevalence vary widely by country in this clinical trial cohort. HBeAg is a surrogate for high HBV viral load. HBV drug resistance occurred in 7.5% receiving HBV-ARV with lamivudine as the only HBV active agent. These findings reinforce the importance of HBsAg screening and early treatment with two active agents for HBV., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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