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The aim of this prospective clinical study was to compare the results of B-glucose estimations performed simultaneously on glucometer Advance (with Micro-draw strips) and Optium (G3 strips) by lay healthy volunteers under non-standardized conditions of everyday life, to assess the difficulties dealing with lay-handling of these systems and to demonstrate the possibilities of the software Glucobalance (Hypoguard) and PC-Link (Medisense/Abbott) for the analysis of selfmonitoring. In the course of 5 days, a total of 721 pairs of measurements were carried out on 10 pairs of glucometer Advance and Optium by 10 healthy volunteers aged 16-40 years. The data transfer of all values into computer from glucometer Advance using the Glucobalance software and from glucometer Optium using the PC-Link was carried out to determine the results. The correlation of B-glucose measured on the glucometer Advance and Optium was strong (r = 0.73). Glucometer Advance brings values about 0.21 +/- 0.06 mmol/l lower than glucometer Optium. The average difference found within each pairs of glucometers Advance - Optium varied. Nevertheless, these differences are acceptable for routine selfmonitoring. The handling of glucometer Advance is not difficult for lay persons. The Glucobalance software simplifies the result evaluation by each tested person. Even though there are some advantages in comparison with the PC-Link, it should be further developed.

Unlabelled: Absorption rates of phosphate buffered insulin analogs aspart and lispro prevail over regular human insulin. However, insulin aspart has not been widely used. The aim of this open controlled clinical study is to compare the metabolic effects of insulin aspart and phosphate buffered insulin when both are used in insulin pumps according to the identical algorithms., Methods: Twenty one persons aged 39.9 +/- 2.89 (mean +/- SE) years (y) with type 1 diabetes mellitus duration of 17.9 +/- 2.21 y treated by an insulin pump for 4.3 +/- 0.53 y (at least 3 months), educated in self monitoring, entered the study. Mean plasma glucose, rates of hypo- and hyperglycaemias from the glucometer memory and other data from the first 256 +/- 19.97 days period with regular human insulin (check-up 1 and 2) and consequent 364 +/- 8.78 days long period with insulin aspart (check-up 3 and 4) were compared (paired t-test). Replacement of human regular insulin with insulin aspart after two check-ups was the only change in the treatment of diabetes. No special therapeutic education or training was made during the study., Results: In persons with type 1 diabetes treated by an insulin pump with insulin aspart, despite the lower daily dose of insulin aspart vs human regular insulin, the HbA1c decreased; the frequency of hypo- and hyperglycaemias and the BMI did not change., Conclusions: Insulin analog aspart appears to be more effective for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion than regular human insulin.

Unlabelled: The glycaemic index (GI) is a measure of the food power to raise blood glucose (B-glucose) concentration after a meal. For healthy eating, foods with low GI are recommended. However, for many foods in the European Union the GI has not been defined yet. The aims of this prospective open-label study were: (1) to determine the GI of white bread and juicy cereal bars FIT (Usovsko, Czech Republic) by means of the glucometer Optium (Abbott/Medisense); (2) to compare the GI of tested foods determined in the morning and in the evening hours; (3) to compare the GI of tested foods in men and women and (4) to assess the variability of the GI., Methods: To determine the GI, measured portions of food containing 50 g of carbohydrates were eaten by 11 healthy volunteers. B-glucose curves were constructed from B-glucose values at time 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 60, 120 min after the meal. The GI was calculated by dividing the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) for the tested food by that for the standard food (IAUCS). In each volunteer each food was tested 5 times so that 5 GI's was obtained and the average was calculated. The GI for each tested food was calculated as the mean from the respective average GI's of the 11 volunteers. MS Excel and the statistical program SPSS v. 10.1 were used to analyze the data., Results: (1) The mean values of the GI for white bread was 70.3 % and for juicy cereal bars was 101.0 %, as determined in a total of 139 tests in the whole group of 11 volunteers. There was a difference when comparing white bread vs. glucose (p = 0.012) and white bread vs. cereal bars (p = 0.026) but no difference between glucose and cereal bars. (2) There was no significant difference between the GI determined in the morning and in the evening hours either for the total of 139 tests or for the individual tested foods. (3) No significant difference could be seen between the GI in men and women when comparing glucose, cereal bars and white bread. (4) There was a wide variability of GI in all tested foods: the standard deviation of GI for white bread was 30.7 %, for juicy cereal bars 38.0 %., Conclusions: The GI's for white bread and juicy cereal bars were determined. There was no difference either between the GI values determined in the morning vs. the evening hours or between the values in men vs. women. The results show wide variability. An accurate standard method for the determination of GI needs to be defined, carefully used and re-evaluated to enable a comparison of the results with various methods of other working groups.

The aim of this paper is to prove the possible reproducibility of measurement with a new developed device for artery elasticity monitoring and determining the standard of major pulse wave parameters. As a measurement sensor, a conic probe with thin convex membrane was used. This technique allows setting an arbitrary pressure to a measured surface artery. We measured pulse waves on the radial arteries of 108 individuals. We expected similar features in arterial wall elasticity. We concentrated primarily on the amount of subcutaneous fat. For the measured waves we evaluated five following pulse wave parameters: relative crest time, elasticity index, dicrotic wave attenuation, dicrotic wave time and interwave distance. There were no significant differences in measured pulse wave parameters among the tested groups of subjects.