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Résumé: Les auteurs examinent l'impact de la formation professionnelle sur l'inadéquation des qualifications ‐ un sujet peu étudié ‐ dans le contexte de la République de Corée, où cette inadéquation est forte. Ils utilisent des données administratives sur la formation professionnelle (2016‐2019) et un modèle à effets fixes pour analyser les déterminants des taux d'emploi spécifiques (dans le métier ciblé ou les métiers connexes) au lieu de se cantonner au taux d'emploi total. Ils constatent que le nombre d'heures de formation a un impact positif plus grand sur les taux d'emploi spécifiques que sur le taux d'emploi total, tandis que l'inverse est vrai s'agissant des caractéristiques individuelles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: La República de Corea presenta un fuerte desajuste de la calificación y necesita formación profesional para mitigarlo. En este artículo se analiza el impacto, en gran medida inexplorado, de la formación profesional en ese desajuste a partir de datos administrativos (HRD‐Net, 2016–2019). Se examinan las tasas de ocupación ajustada a la calificación (en contraste con la tasa de ocupación convencional) aplicando un modelo de efectos fijos para sondear sus determinantes. Se concluye que las horas de formación tienen un efecto positivo significativamente mayor sobre la tasa de ocupación ajustada que sobre la tasa de ocupación convencional, al contrario de lo que ocurre con las características individuales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a sample of recently graduated college students from South Korea, we estimate the effects of the between-majors and within-major gender wage gap. We use a recentered influence function to decompose the wage differential between majors and find that women face a higher rate of return to the field of study. In addition, women tend to select their program of study with the intention of optimizing their earnings potential relative to men. In calculating the within-major gender wage gap, we control for selectivity into a field of study extending the current methodology to a multinomial logit setting. We test our model using a sample of new graduates from South Korea. We consider six college majors. The within-major wage differential ranged from 8.2% for natural science graduates to 17% for social science graduates. After selection is accounted for, the gender wage gap becomes smaller in humanities graduates but increases in natural science and medicine graduates. Decomposing the selection correction term into explained and unexplained factors eliminates discrimination in medicine and points to reverse discrimination in natural science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed the effects of COVID-19 and gender differences in depressive symptoms in older adults using data from the 7th (2018) and 8th (2020) surveys of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. A panel two-way-fixed effects model was used to control for individual fixed effects and time effects. A 0.1% point increase in the intensity of COVID-19 was associated with an average increase of 1.5 points out of 10 on the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 10-item version (CES-D10) among older adults. The increase in depression was greater among women. Depressive factors due to COVID-19 among older adults are more likely to be related to negative emotions or interpersonal relationships than to physical and behavioral decline. Depression prevention policies for older adults should be informed by these gender differences. While older men require assistance with instrumental activities of daily living such as housework, meal preparation, etc., older women should be provided with online socialization opportunities to interact with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares labour market experiences in South Korea and the US at the outbreak of the pandemic and then again in November 2020. We found that the pandemic had the most considerable effect on the not-at-work rate in South Korea and the unemployment rate in the US. We computed concentration indices to measure inequality in the labour markets using education as a socioeconomic ranking variable. Applying a Recentered Influence Function (RIF) regression, we found that unemployment was more concentrated among less-educated workers in South Korea. Still, the not-at-work rate was more concentrated among highly educated workers. While the ability to work from home played an important role in explaining these inequalities, by November 2020, the Korean labour market showed minimal disparities. In general, US workers with lower education levels experienced higher unemployment and not-at-work rates. The capability to work remotely considerably reduced inequality in April, but it did not in November. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the effect of vocational training on technology efficiency (TE) using Workplace Panel Survey data from South Korea. We apply both stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and meta-frontier analysis (MFA) to compare the TEs of firms with vocational training against the counterpart without vocational training. Our findings from the SFA, which assumes a homogeneous level of technology across comparison groups, confirm that firms without vocational training are more efficient. MFA, which is used to compare the relative efficiencies of different skill levels, provides more intuitive estimation results. Namely, companies that conduct vocational training are closer to the meta-frontier – higher efficiency – than those that do not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploiting the exogenous introduction of the Non‐regular Worker Protection Act on non‐regular workers, this paper examines the impact of this law's enactment on workers' job satisfaction. Using the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study, we apply a difference‐in‐differences method combined with propensity score matching to confirm the common trends assumption and construct a comparable control group. We investigate workers' job satisfaction in terms of the following categories: satisfaction with wages, satisfaction with job stability, satisfaction with working conditions, and overall satisfaction. Our results indicate positive effects of the Non‐regular Worker Protection Act on job satisfaction for all workers affected by the law, including those who converted from non‐regular employment to regular employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the depressive symptom trajectories in middle-school adolescents from multicultural families in South Korea and explores their predictors from the ecological systems perspective. Using the latent growth model, we analysed a sample from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey (2014–2016). Our findings revealed that depressive symptoms increased persistently with age. Girls presented a systematically higher risk of depressive symptoms than boys. Family support, two-parent families, parental monitoring, learning, friendships, positive perceptions about the residential area, and good health reduced depressive symptoms. Parental neglect, bullying, parental involvement in children's grade, and acculturative stress increased depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]