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Studies of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in higher education institutions have focused on students' learning outcomes and intelligibility in ELF, but little attention has been given to local students' resistance to the use of ELF. Utilising the concept of language ideology and interactive regimes, I demonstrate the tensions and dilemma arising from the choice between English and the local language in the international university context where English has been adopted as an official language. This paper focuses on a specific institution in Korea, but the findings have broader implications for higher education's pursuit of internationalisation.

Higher education in Korea has recently undergone drastic changes introduced by internationalisation policies aimed at global competitiveness in the educational markets. While the widespread student mobility has been studied by numerous scholars, little attention has been paid to both international and local students' interpretations of the global culture created by the policy. In this paper, we explore the ways in which Korean and international students actively engage in interpreting the meanings of 'global' brand created by the institution. It draws upon ethnographic data collected at a Korean university where English has been adopted as an official language. Extending the discussions in recent semiotic studies of linguistic landscapes and place-making, we analysed the ways in which public signs on campus are represented and interpreted. While the institutional language policy is designed to utilise English as an emblem of 'global' brand, the stakeholders such as Korean and international students have contested ideologies about the role of English in creating the campus space as a place to which they belong. The findings of this paper suggest that linguistic landscape is an intertextual product, rather than a materiality that reflects fixed values of Korean and English.

This study investigated the academic and cultural experiences of undergraduate Central Asian students at a university in Ulsan, South Korea. The study was designed to examine the experiences of Central Asian students both in their adjustment to academic work, and to the cultural environment created by the internationalization policy of the university. Using ethnographic methods that included participant observation, an open-ended questionnaire, and interviews, we examined the policies for internationalization of higher education, and we described how the stakeholders are responding to the policies with their own adjustment strategies. The stakeholders featured in this study are students from the Central Asian republics enrolled at a Korean engineering university. We conclude with suggestions on the ways that institutions of higher education can better serve international students' integration into their new community.

This study examines how the English officialization policy of higher education in an EFL context interplays with administrative workers' motivational orientations towards English learning. The data consisted of questionnaire responses of 117 administrative members with undergraduate degrees and qualitative interviews with 9 who answered the questionnaires. The descriptive and correlation analyses showed that the participants interested in learning English-speaking countries' cultures did not perceive much benefit of the English officialization policy (EOP) in increasing their motivation to learn English. On the contrary, those who appreciated the EOP tended to be motivated to learn English for external rewards. A striking finding was that those who related the EOP to increased motivation also showed a lack of motivation to learn English. Also noteworthy was that their motivation correlated significantly with their own perceived English speaking competence. The results corroborate the significant role of the perception of English speaking competence and the context of English use in language learning motivation at the post-tertiary level. The participants expressed feelings of confusion regarding the role of English in everyday work performance. The implications of these findings are discussed with a view toward the enhanced implementation of EOP policy in an EFL context.

This paper explores the ways in which apology functions as a stance act at public speech events. Rather than focusing on speakers' intentions, in this study I pay attention to indexical meanings associated with apologies in a specific context. The study primarily analyses apology sequences that involve code-switching, which were drawn from ethnographic data gathered in a Korean university where English has been adopted as its official language (EOL). Data analysis shows that the use of apology allows speakers to take a stance towards their language choice and the institutional language policy. Both apology and speakers' metalinguistic articulations prior to code-switching reflect and reinforce the two language ideologies: (1) the language policy is intended to serve for international members of the university, and (2), Korean can be used when needed. A closer look at the way in which apology is used in specific contexts suggests that speakers' main purpose of apology is self-presentation in a public event. Apology functions to index speaker's defiance of an institution's language policy while avoiding their responsibility for the action. The sociolinguistic concept of stance allows us to better understand speakers' positioning with respect to norms and expectations informed by institutional language policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study examined the reactions of local students to the diversity in student population. Specifically, it investigated how the local students' intercultural sensitivity to the international students is interrelated with their perception of the English-medium instruction (EMI) policy. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of the questionnaire responses of 213 college students and the subsequent interviews with 15 students revealed a lack of intercultural sensitivity which was correlated with their perception of EMI. The findings indicated that the local students' different perceptions of the policy interplayed, directly and indirectly, with their sensitivity to the cultures of international students. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of cultivating intercultural sensitivity in an English as a lingua franca context.

This study explores language ideologies of English at a Korean university where English has been adopted as an official language. This study draws on ethnographic data in order to understand how speakers respond to and experience the institutional language policy. The findings show that language ideologies in this university represent the institutional norms and expectations of English. The interpretive frame used to respond to the policy is best represented by the discourse of "speaking English naturally". While some informants are positive that the language policy will enable them to transform themselves into competent speakers of English, others are sceptical about the effect of the policy in everyday communication, including classroom activities and interaction with international members of the university. Hence, within the space of interactions demarcated by the university, the ideology of English hegemony has contradictory effects upon the patterns and the rationales of language choice in routine situations. This case study illustrates important dilemmas and confusion in social interactions that typically occur in Korea when spaces are designated for English use, because the space of English as an official language is primarily linked with the language ideology of monolingualism.

This study aims to contrastively examine Korean and international students' experiences of taking subject courses at a Korean university. Focusing on the viewpoints of the students, rather than central authorities, we attempt to reveal how language use and cultural factors are interpenetrated in the praxis of English-medium instruction (EMI). The data consist of questionnaire responses of 249 Koreans and 61 international students from non-English-speaking countries and qualitative interviews with 23 Korean and 9 international students. Korean participants were found to perceive the effect of English proficiency on achievement (ENG) to be significant, while their confidence in participating in activities in EMI (ACT) classes was the lowest. Whereas the international students did not relate ENG to other factors of EMI, Koreans perceived this factor to be relevant to all the aspects of EMI. During the interviews, international students, with a limited level of tolerance of Korean use, were found to experience frustration with the lack of interaction in their courses. We discuss the findings in terms of ownership of English and highlight how important it is for the Korean and international students to have a shared definition of the role of English as a lingua franca in an EMI classroom.