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Recent differentiable rendering techniques have become key tools to tackle many inverse problems in graphics and vision. Existing models, however, assume steady-state light transport, i.e., infinite speed of light. While this is a safe assumption for many applications, recent advances in ultrafast imaging leverage the wealth of information that can be extracted from the exact time of flight of light. In this context, physically-based transient rendering allows to efficiently simulate and analyze light transport considering that the speed of light is indeed finite. In this paper, we introduce a novel differentiable transient rendering framework, to help bring the potential of differentiable approaches into the transient regime. To differentiate the transient path integral we need to take into account that scattering events at path vertices are no longer independent; instead, tracking the time of flight of light requires treating such scattering events at path vertices jointly as a multidimensional, evolving manifold. We thus turn to the generalized transport theorem, and introduce a novel correlated importance term, which links the time-integrated contribution of a path to its light throughput, and allows us to handle discontinuities in the light and sensor functions. Last, we present results in several challenging scenarios where the time of flight of light plays an important role such as optimizing indices of refraction, non-line-of-sight tracking with nonplanar relay walls, and non-line-of-sight tracking around two corners.

As the major developed countries of the world have realized the importance of open common information and its recycling, they have begun to seek a plan that will facilitate manipulation of common information. Despite development of the National R&D business and its quantitative increase in Korea, its practical use still remains at a lower level. Therefore, it is worthwhile to analyze practical use and economic contribution in order to achieve higher profits. There are two purposes of this study. The first purpose is to draw a conclusion by analyzing/investigating the practical uses of the National R&D Reports, and the second purpose is to evaluate economic contributions by the National R&D Reports. These are possible by manipulating the improved quantitative/qualitative indicator designated to evaluate the economic contributional aspect of the National R&D Reports. The degree of outcome measurement for the National R&D Reports was investigated through science and technology workers in both the field and the academic world. The results of this investigation show that the average time of use for the total National R&D Reports is 6.3 years and average monthly reference occurs 9.2 times. Additionally, results showed that researchers spend an average of 11.6 hours per month using the reports. Moreover, the proportion of the National R&D Reports in Collection of Science and Technology Information, the importance of the National R&D Reports in Practical Science and Technology Information, and the proportion of the National R&D Reports in Quotation Science and Technology Information are considered between 'average' and 'slightly higher than average.' The results of the investigation/ analysis for usefulness of the National R&D Reports show that the quality of content, the quality of the system, the satisfaction, and the utility are recorded as 'slightly higher than average' and 'high.' These results demonstrate that users of the National R&D Reports consider these reports to be an important resource. The results of the investigation/ analysis for the preservation value of the National R&D Reports indicate 83.2% positive opinion about preserving this report. Therefore, KISTI should preserve National R&D Reports at the national level. The results of the investigation/ analysis for the demand of National R&D Reports show that the intention to use the system records falls between 'slightly higher than average' and 'high.' These results address the high number of users who intend to keep using the National R&D Reports. The results of the investigation/ analysis for the economic contribution of the National R&D Reports show that value for practical use, value of common ownership, and contributional value— which are all qualitative indicators, respectively—fall between 'slightly higher than average' and 'high' on the scale. These results show that the users of the National R&D Reports consider it of high economic value. The usefulness value of the National R&D Reports is 2.908won for a piece of information, and the total usefulness value of the National R&D Reports thus far is 1.713 hundred million won; the reports are estimated to hold 15.5 times the economic value over the cost. The payment value of the National R&D Reports is 2,156won for a piece of information, and the total payment value of the National R&D Reports thus far is 1,270 hundred million won; the reports are estimated to hold 11.5 times the economic value over the cost. Compared to other domestic and foreign information services’ estimation for the economic contribution—which has only recorded estimates of 3 to 9 times the value rate—the construction of these National R&D Reports is currently economically effective for businesses and is also expected to be economically feasible for businesses in the future. Includes: Conference preprint, Powerpoint presentation, Abstract and Biographical notes XA International

The term ‘National R AND D Program’ has been widely used in a Korean society, but it is quite new as a legal term. Recently, its legal concept from the perspective of the unified semantics was defined, and the regulation on its scope has been established. In particular, ‘National R AND D Program’ was officially used as a legal term for the first time in ‘Special Act on Innovation in Science and Technology (No. 5340) enacted in April 1997. In the Regulation on the Management of National R AND D Programs, ‘National R AND D Program’ is defined in Article 2 as follows: “An R AND D program in science and technology, in which a certain R AND D project is chosen and partially or wholly funded by the government or public organization in accordance with the related law. It refers to all programs except for the basic programs promoted by government-funded research institutes in accordance with Paragraph 1 of Article 2 of Act on the Establishment, Operation and Fostering of Government-funded Research Institutes”. In particular, because the national R AND D report, one of intangible research outcomes among national R AND D programs, contains important matters on R AND D such as R AND D method and results, it is the final outcome of the national R AND D program regardless of its type. Since it is the evaluation standard of the R AND D project and major research outcome as the final outcome which takes place at the end of the R AND D program, the systematic management of related information is especially important. In this sense, the establishment of the information distribution system which makes it possible to collect, manage and use national R AND D reports has been perceived as one of the most important R AND D policies in any country. In fact, each country has systematically managed related duties through a national science and technology information agency. After all, the management of national R AND D reports is a critical part in the management of the research outcomes of national R AND D programs. This study examines the trend of national R AND D report production, progress and assignment of national R AND D programs and current non-disclosure reports, investigates the current collection and management of national R AND D reports by the KISTI, a professional R AND D report management agency in Korea, and proposes a future direction. In addition, the development of an information distribution system and database for national R AND D reports and online services are analyzed. Includes: Conference preprint, Powerpoint presentation, Abstract and Biographical notes XA International

The term ‘National R&D Program’ has been widely used in a Korean society, but it is quite new as a legal term. Recently, its legal concept from the perspective of the unified semantics was defined, and the regulation on its scope has been established. In particular, ‘National R&D Program’ was officially used as a legal term for the first time in ‘Special Act on Innovation in Science and Technology (No. 5340) enacted in April 1997. In the Regulation on the Management of National R&D Programs, ‘National R&D Program’ is defined in Article 2 as follows: “An R&D program in science and technology, in which a certain R&D project is chosen and partially or wholly funded by the government or public organization in accordance with the related law. It refers to all programs except for the basic programs promoted by government-funded research institutes in accordance with Paragraph 1 of Article 2 of Act on the Establishment, Operation and Fostering of Government-funded Research Institutes”. In particular, because the national R&D report, one of intangible research outcomes among national R&D programs, contains important matters on R&D such as R&D method and results, it is the final outcome of the national R&D program regardless of its type. Since it is the evaluation standard of the R&D project and major research outcome as the final outcome which takes place at the end of the R&D program, the systematic management of related information is especially important. In this sense, the establishment of the information distribution system which makes it possible to collect, manage and use national R&D reports has been perceived as one of the most important R&D policies in any country. In fact, each country has systematically managed related duties through a national science & technology information agency. After all, the management of national R&D reports is a critical part in the management of the research outcomes of national R&D programs. This study examines the trend of national R&D report production, progress & assignment of national R&D programs and current non-disclosure reports, investigates the current collection and management of national R&D reports by the KISTI, a professional R&D report management agency in Korea, and proposes a future direction. In addition, the development of an information distribution system and database for national R&D reports and online services are analyzed.

A R and D report, which is the result of national research and development project of each government ministry, has a characteristic as a public knowledge-based asset. So it is used with various systems for disclosing and expanding its outcome to the public. In fact, however, systematically collecting and utilizing its related information in KISTI, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information(National RandD Reports Registration and Administration Agency), is insufficient. Formal regulation for submitting and registering national RandD reports to KISTI, which is wholly responsible for circulating national RandD information, has been arranged well so far. However, specific and concrete regulation system is not enough to make sure of their actual submission and registration. Therefore, this study examines and proposes a specific improvement plan for making good progress of collecting and registering national RandD reports at country levels. Also, it examines improvement methods for standardizing national RandD report style and applying for it, in order to increase work efficiency in submitting and registering the information of national RandD reports. Includes: Conference preprint, Powerpoint presentation, Abstract and Biographical notes XA International

A R&D report, which is the result of national research and development project of each government ministry, has a characteristic as a public knowledge-based asset. So it is used with various systems for disclosing and expanding its outcome to the public. In fact, however, systematically collecting and utilizing its related information in KISTI, Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information(National R&D Reports Registration and Administration Agency), is insufficient. Formal regulation for submitting and registering national R&D reports to KISTI, which is wholly responsible for circulating national R&D information, has been arranged well so far. However, specific and concrete regulation system is not enough to make sure of their actual submission and registration. Therefore, this study examines and proposes a specific improvement plan for making good progress of collecting and registering national R&D reports at country levels. Also, it examines improvement methods for standardizing national R&D report style and applying for it, in order to increase work efficiency in submitting and registering the information of national R&D reports.

The amount of multimedia information has been increasing by the rapid growth of the Internet technology. Recently the need for the efficient image retrieval technology has been raised since an electronic document includes a significant amount of image information. In this paper, we designed and developed the information retrieval system for images and tables included in an electronic document by converting an electronic document to XML. The method proposed in this paper represents the information of images and tables in the XML format. Therefore the system could be implemented conveniently using the commercial system supporting XML and increased the retrieval accuracy for images and tables.