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In this study, we propose a smart transfer planer equipped with multiple antenna arrays to improve ground links for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication. The STP features a symmetrical structure and is strategically placed on both ends of a window, serving both indoor and outdoor environments. Using the window glass as a medium, energy transmission occurs through a coupling mechanism between the planers. The design focuses on large array antenna design, beamforming networks, and coupler design on both sides of the glass. Beamforming networks enable the indoor and outdoor antenna arrays to switch beams in various directions, optimizing high-gain antennas with narrow beamwidths. Through electromagnetic induction and filter couplers, a robust signal transmission channel is established between indoor and outdoor environments. This setup significantly enhances communication efficiency, particularly in non-line-of-sight environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid method based on the combination of generalized forward backward method (GFBM) and Green's function for the grounded dielectric slab together with the acceleration of the combination via a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based algorithm is developed for the efficient and accurate analysis of electromagnetic radiation/scattering from electrically large, irregularly contoured two-dimensional arrays consisting of finite number of probe-fed microstrip patches. In this method, unknown current coefficients corresponding to a single patch are first solved by a conventional Galerkin type hybrid method of moments (MoM)/Green's function technique that uses the grounded dielectric slab's Green's function. Because the current distribution on the microstrip patch can be expanded using an arbitrary number of subsectional basis functions, the patch can have any shape. The solution for the array currents is then found through GFBM, where it sweeps the current computation element by element. The computational complexity of this method, which is originally O ([N.sup.2.sub.tot]) ([N.sub.tot] being the total number of unknowns) for each iteration, is reduced to O([N.sub.tot]) using a DFT based acceleration algorithm making use of the fact that array elements are identical and the array is periodic. Numerical results in the form of array current distribution are given for various sized arrays of probe-fed microstrip patches with elliptical and/or circular boundaries, and are compared with the conventional MoM results to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method. Index Terms--Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), finite arrays, generalized forward backward method (GFBM), method of moments (MoM).

A time-domain version of the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (TD-UTD) is developed to describe, in closed form, the transient electromagnetic scattering from a smooth convex surface excited by a general time impulsive astigmatic ray field. This TD-UTD impulse response is obtained by employing an analytic time transform (ATT) for the inversion in time of an available and accurate corresponding frequency domain UTD (FD-UTD) solution. The ATT is employed because it overcomes the difficulties that occur when inverting FD-UTD fields associated with rays that traverse line or smooth caustics. Furthermore, the TD-UTD response to a general pulsed astigmatic wave excitation may be found by a convolution of the general excitation with the TD-UTD impulse response which can be performed in closed form. Some numerical examples illustrating the utility of this TD-UTD are presented. Index Terms--Analytic time transform, electromagnetic (EM) scattering, time domain (TD), uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD).