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In recent years, rapidly changing disease profile patterns, shortage & uneven utilization of healthcare professionals contributed massive burden on the Indian healthcare system, which resulted in varying, fragmented, inconsistent healthcare delivery to the patients and poor patient management. Patients often face and experience many challenges like lack of accessibility, poor patient-healthcare provider relationships, and inadequate quality of care, resulting in unnecessary economic burden in managing their health conditions. Thus Indian healthcare reform is essential in enhancing its capacity to fulfill patients' health needs that can be addressed by focusing on key sustainable strategies and initiatives meant for enhancing coordination of care, expanding services accessibility, redeveloping healthcare infrastructure, implementing workforce innovation and strong governance with the incorporation of core principles such as patient-centeredness, integrated care and collaborative care approaches. The clinical and ambulatory pharmacy practice are fragment of the healthcare delivery which delivers pharmaceutical care and fulfils the needs of patients across healthcare settings. This paper focuses on the present & future perspectives of ambulatory pharmacy practice in India and the factors to be considered for implementing it in patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lake situated in west of Jodhpur city is primary used for drinking water supply in addition also used for fisheries purpose. Kaylana Lake’s water quality was tested for three months using fortnightly sampling. The study provides the first hand data on lake water quality. The value of various physio-chemical parameter were temperature (28.500C to 31.500C), average visibility 102.13 cm, pH (7.78 to 8.38), electrical conductivity (309.50 to 351.25 µS/cm), dissolved oxygen (7.50 to 8.90 mgL-1), total alkalinity (24.75 to 28.25 mgL-1), total hardness(140.00 to 166.50 mgL-1), total dissolved solid (199.00 to 226.50 mgL-1), nitrate (0.42 mg L-1 to 0.49 mgL-1), phosphate (0.26 mgL-1 to 0.34 mgL-1). The mean value of primary productivity of the lake was 0.30 gCm-3h -1 GPP, 0.16 gCm-3h -1 NPP and CR of all stations was 0.13 gCm-3h -1 recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inguinal hernias account for 75% of abdominal wall hernias, with a lifetime risk of 27% in men and 3% in women. Repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common operations in general surgery. Hence; we planned the present study to retrospectively analyze inguinal hernia repair by various methods. Materials & methods: The present study included retrospective evaluation of cases of inguinal hernia that underwent repair by different methods. Data records of a total of 150 patients were included in the present study. Complete demographic, clinical and surgical details of all the cases were obtained. All the cases were broadly divided into three study groups with 50 patients in each group depending upon the type of repair method: Lichtenstein's repair (LR), Preperitoneal meshplasty (PM), and Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair (LTEP). Detailed record of the preoperative investigations and postoperative complications was obtained in all the patients. Results: Early complications observed in the present study were hematoma formation, wound infection. Postoperative pain and mesh infection. Late complications observed in the present study were chronic pain, recurrence and sinus formation. Non- significant results were obtained while comparing the occurrence of postoperative infections in between the three study groups. Conclusion: All the three surgical procedures are equally effective in terms of postoperative complications in patients with inguinal hernia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]