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The IFLA Trend Report identified five trends that will impact the information environment (IFLA, 2015), such as access to information with new technologies, online education for global learning, hyper-connected communities, and the global information environment. The faculty at San José State University (SJSU) School of Information (iSchool) is engaged in a wide range of activities that focus on these trends--benefiting students, enhancing faculty professional development, and extending the school's impact on the global information environment. The importance of incorporating global perspectives in the curriculum to reflect changes in the way that communities around the world access and share information is the focus of numerous studies. The SJSU iSchool has been an early adopter of various practices to increase the range of international education, outreach, and research initiatives. This article provides examples of curricular, research, and collaborative projects that our faculty has developed, both for our students and for the global community of information professionals. Key initiatives presented include virtually abroad global projects, globalization of LIS curriculum, international LIS internships, international project-based learning, faculty professional development, and international collaborations. Collectively, these initiatives demonstrate the diverse ways the iSchool is addressing the need in higher education to reach across national borders, especially in the information field.

The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) highlights the urgent need for assays that detect protective levels of neutralizing antibodies. We studied the relationship among anti-spike ectodomain (anti-ECD), antireceptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) IgG titers, and SARS-CoV-2 virus neutralization (VN) titers generated by 2 in vitro assays using convalescent plasma samples from 68 patients with COVID-19. We report a strong positive correlation between both plasma anti-RBD and anti-ECD IgG titers and in vitro VN titers. The probability of a VN titer of [greater than or equal to] 160, the FDA-recommended level for convalescent plasma used for COVID-19 treatment, was [greater than or equal to] 80% when anti-RBD or anti-ECD titers were [greater than or equal to] 1:1350. Of all donors, 37% lacked VN titers of [greater than or equal to] 160. Dyspnea, hospitalization, and disease severity were significantly associated with higher VN titer. Frequent donation of convalescent plasma did not significantly decrease VN or IgG titers. Analysis of 2814 asymptomatic adults found 73 individuals with anti-ECD IgG titers of [greater than or equal to] 1:50 and strong positive correlation with anti-RBD and VN titers. Fourteen of these individuals had VN titers of [greater than or equal to] 1:160, and all of them had anti-RBD titers of [greater than or equal to] 1:1350. We conclude that anti-RBD or anti-ECD IgG titers can serve as a surrogate for VN titers to identify suitable plasma donors. Plasma anti-RBD or anti-ECD titers of [greater than or equal to] 1:1350 may provide critical information about protection against COVID-19 disease., Introduction The recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, has spread globally and is now responsible for massive [...]

Fibrosis is characterized by accumulation of activated fibroblasts and pathological deposition of fibrillar collagens. Activated fibroblasts overexpress matrix proteins and release factors that promote further recruitment of activated fibroblasts, leading to progressive fibrosis. The contribution of epithelial cells to this process remains unknown. Epithelium-directed injury may lead to activation of epithelial cells with phenotypes and functions similar to activated fibroblasts. Prior reports that used a reporter gene fate-mapping strategy are limited in their ability to investigate the functional significance of epithelial cell-derived mesenchymal proteins during fibrogenesis. We found that lung epithelial cell-derived collagen I activates fibroblast collagen receptor discoidin domain receptor-2, contributes significantly to fibrogenesis, and promotes resolution of lung inflammation. Alveolar epithelial cells undergoing transforming growth factor-β-mediated mesenchymal transition express several other secreted profibrotic factors and are capable of activating lung fibroblasts. These studies provide direct evidence that activated epithelial cells produce mesenchymal proteins that initiate a cycle of fibrogenic effector cell activation, leading to progressive fibrosis. Therapy targeted at epithelial cell production of type I collagen offers a novel pathway for abrogating this progressive cycle and for limiting tissue fibrosis but may lead to sustained lung injury/inflammation.

Catch-and-release regulations designed to protect fisheries may fail to halt population declines, particularly in situations where fishing effort is high and when multiple stressors threaten a population. We demonstrate this claim using Alberta's Bow River, which supports a high-effort rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fishery where anglers voluntarily release >99% of their catch. We examined the population trend of adult trout, which were tagged and recaptured using electrofishing surveys conducted intermittently during 2003-2013. We constructed Bayesian multisession capture-recapture models in Stan to obtain abundance estimates for trout and regressed trend during two periods to account for variation in sampling locations. General patterns from all models indicated the population declined throughout the study. Potential stressors to this system that may have contributed to the decline include whirling disease (Myxobolus cerebralis), which was detected for the first time in 2016, notable floods, and release mortality. Because disease and floods are largely uncontrollable from a management perspective, we suggest that stringent tactics such as angler effort restrictions may be necessary to maintain similar fisheries. La reglementation sur la peche avec remise a l'eau visant a proteger les ressources halieutiques peut ne pas prevenir le declin de populations, particulierement dans des situations ou l'effort de peche est grand et de multiples facteurs de stress menacent une population. Nous faisons la demonstration de ce postulat avec l'exemple de la riviere Bow, en Alberta, qui supporte une peche a la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) a effort eleve dans laquelle les pecheurs remettent volontairement a l'eau plus de 99% de leurs prises. Nous avons examine la tendance demographique de truites adultes qui ont ete etiquetees et recapturees dans le cadre de releves a la peche electrique menes de maniere intermittente de 2003 a 2013. Nous avons construit des modeles bayesiens de capture-recapture a sessions multiples dans le logiciel Stan pour obtenir des estimations de l'abondance pour les truites et obtenu une tendance par regression pour deux periodes pour tenir compte de la variation des lieux d'echantillonnage. Les motifs generaux obtenus de tous les modeles indiquent que la population a baisse tout au long de l'etude. Les facteurs de stress pour ce systeme qui pourraient avoir joue un role dans cette baisse comprennent le tournis des truites (infection a Myxobolus cerebralis), qui a ete detecte pour la premiere fois en 2016, des inondations notables et la mortalite apres remise a l'eau. Comme il est difficilement possible de controler, dans une perspective de gestion, les infections et les inondations, nous suggerons que des mesures draconiennes, comme des restrictions de l'effort des pecheurs a la ligne, pourraient etre necessaries pour assurer le maintien de ressources halieutiques semblables. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Recreational fisheries can decline and collapse when exploitation rate is high relative to the productivity of the targeted population (Post et al. 2002; Sullivan 2003; Johnston et al. 2007), [...]