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This article focuses on how girls create places of meaning and opportunity through collective movement. It is based on an ethnographic study of the everyday experiences and mobility of 10-13 year old girls living in a suburb of Copenhagen, Denmark. The girls ventured for a sense of freedom and a "place of their own" to pursue their interests and social relationships. For some girls the creation of places where they felt "at home" would entail breaking rules and transgressing spatial boundaries set by adults. (Contains 4 notes.)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility of p16/Ki67 dual-stain (DS) compared with cytology for detecting cervical intraepithelial lesion grade two or worse (CIN2+) in women with a transformation zone type 3 (TZ3). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Colposcopy clinics in Central Denmark Region. Population: Women aged 45 years or older referred for colposcopy because of an abnormal screening test. Methods: All women had a cervical sample collected for cytology and DS testing and underwent large-loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). Main outcome measure: Sensitivity, specificity and negative (NPV) and positive (PPV) predictive values of DS for CIN2+ detection were compared to those of cytology. Results: Of 166 women eligible, 93 (56.0%) were included in the final analysis. Median age was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR] 63.4–70.5 years). Most women were postmenopausal (95.7%) and referred based on a positive human papillomavirus screening test (86.0%). Fifty-two women (55.9%) were DS-positive, 29 (55.8%) of whom had CIN2+ detected. Twenty-seven (29.0%) women had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or worse (ASC-US+), and CIN2+ was detected in 21 women (77.8%). DS had a higher sensitivity (96.7% versus 70.0% p = 0.021) and NPV (97.6% versus 86.4%, p = 0.018) compared with cytology for CIN2+ detection. In contrast, the specificity (63.5% versus 90.5% p < 0.001) and PPV (55.8% versus 77.8%, p = 0.001) were lower for DS compared with cytology. Conclusions: Dual stain may be a valuable risk marker to guide clinical management of women with a TZ3. The superior NPV of DS suggests that a diagnostic excision may safely be avoided in DS-negative women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recognition of children's social agency and active participation in research has significantly changed children's position within the human and social sciences and led to a weakening of taken-for-granted assumptions found in more conventional approaches to child research. In order to hear the voices of children in the representation of their own lives it is important to employ research practices such as reflexivity and dialogue. These enable researchers to enter into children's "cultures of communication." Drawing on detailed examples from an ethnographic study on child health and self-care, the article examines issues of power, voice and representation central to the discussion of children's participation.

Presents research on children's understandings and use of time; findings suggest that time spent with family cannot be seen as separate from time spent with friends, at school, and on their own. Argues that the quality/quantity time conundrum needs replacing by fuller and more representative accounts of the varied aspects of time that matter for children. (Author)

The authors of this reply article express gratitude for the interest shown in their previous article on the clinical utility of p16/Ki67 dual-stain cytology for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse (CIN2+) in women with a transformation zone type 3 (TZ3) at colposcopy. They agree with the suggestion to explore new biomarkers for risk stratification in older women but emphasize the importance of evaluating these biomarkers in specific target populations to ensure accurate comparisons. The authors also highlight the need for high standards in evaluating new biomarkers to quantify their benefits and harms and compare them with existing practices. [Extracted from the article]

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9566.2007.01046.x Byline: Pia Christensen (1), Miguel Romero Mikkelsen (2) Keywords: childhood body; capacity of health; risk landscape; risk management; children Abstract: Abstract This article addresses the complexity of children's risk landscapes through an ethnography of 10- to 12-year-old Danish children. The data revealed how children individually and collectively engaged with risk in their everyday activities. The children assessed risks in relation to their perceptions of their health as strength and control, negotiated the conditions of playing, and attuned their responses to situations of potential social and physical conflict. In the paper this risk engagement is illustrated in a variety of contexts: children's decisions to wear or not to wear a bicycle helmet; playing and games and routine pushing and shoving at school. In looking after themselves, children negotiate rules of participation and they safeguard personal and collective interests. Gender differences in these processes are addressed and discussed. The article argues that risk engagement is an important resource through which children also learn from their own mistakes. This is a necessary learning process when children engage with their personal health and safety. The article critically discusses different sociological frameworks and shows the significance of the study for the growing literature on understanding the meaning of risk in childhood. Author Affiliation: (1)Institute of Education, University of Warwick (2)The Research Unit for General Practice, Copenhagen Article note: Address for correspondence: Pia Christensen, Institute of Education, University of Warwick, Westwood, Coventry CV4 7AL, e-mail: P.H.Christensen@warwick.ac.uk

There has so far only been little research attention given to how families actively engage in promoting their health in everyday life. In this paper a theoretical framework is proposed for studies of the 'health-promoting family' with particular focus on children's health and well-being. This paper sets out a conceptual model for understanding how the family can play a part in promoting both the health of children and children's capacities as health-promoting actors. It draws on contemporary social science approaches to health, the family and children, suggesting a new emphasis on the family's ecocultural pathway, family practices and the child as a health-promoting actor. Keywords: Family health; Child health; Health promotion; Health-promoting family