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Effects of pomegranate seed oils extracted with supercritical fluid or cold press methods (SFE-PSO and CP-PSO), unsaponifiable (N), and fermented juice polyphenols (W) fractions of pomegranate as well as olive oil and alpha-tocopherol, as pure or in different solvents were evaluated on preventing copper-induced LDL oxidation. The results showed addition of pure SFE-PSO, CP-PSO, N fractions, and olive oil had no significant effect on LDL oxidation. Also using various solvents did not help in the term of extending the oxidation lag phase. However, adding 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 3 µL of the W solution in EtOH could delay the lag phase 103.5, 145.9, 200, and 199.1 min, respectively. There was no synergistic effect between W and N on inhibiting the oxidation. It can be concluded that polyphenolic fraction of pomegranate juice can act as antiatherogenic supplementation and natural preservative for meat and fatty foods through direct inhibition of LDL oxidation.

Background: Decision-making for or against neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer does not follow any clear guidelines, and some patients may unnecessarily undergo chemotherapy and be exposed to the associated toxicity. The aim of this study was to identify the patient population for whom this issue may bear relevance. Methods: Patients being treated with letrozole in the prospective multicenter noninterventional EvAluate-TM study were recruited. The percentage of patients receiving chemotherapy and factors associated with chemotherapy administration were identified. Results: In all, 3,924 (37.4%) patients received chemotherapy before treatment with letrozole. Of these, 293 (20%) underwent neoadjuvant therapy. Younger age was predictive for both adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy. Overall, decisions in favor of administering chemotherapy are more likely to be made in patients with a higher body mass index (BMI), and neoadjuvant chemotherapy is administered at a higher rate in women with a lower BMI. Concomitant medication influenced the overall decision-making regarding chemotherapy, irrespective of whether it was given on a neoadjuvant or adjuvant basis. Conclusion: There is an ongoing debate as to whether all of the many patients who receive chemotherapy actually benefit from it. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is frequently administered in this patient population, and this should encourage further research to resolve current clinical and research issues.

Der Gewinn an Lebensqualitat und demwichtigen Gefuhl der korperlichen Integritat und Unversehrtheit gehort fur unzahlige Frauen zu den herausragenden Erfolgen der operativen Gynakologie bzw. Senologie. So wird in der interdisziplinaren S3-Leitlinie fur die Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge des Mammakarzinoms empfohlen: „Jede Patientin, bei der eine Mastektomie durchgefuhrt werden soll, soll uber die Moglichkeit einer sofortigen oder spateren Brustrekonstruktion bzw. den Verzicht auf rekonstruktive Masnahmen aufgeklart werden“ [1].

Several factors can influence individual perceptions of the expected benefit of recommended adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. This study investigated differences between patients and physicians with regard to the required efficacy of treatment and the factors influencing patients' and physicians' willingness to accept different therapeutic options. A total of 9,000 questionnaires were distributed to patients with breast cancer, and 6,938 questionnaires were distributed to physicians treating breast cancer patients. The patients were asked for personal information and about their medical history and experiences during treatment. The physicians were asked about personal information and their specialty and work environment. The treatment efficacy required by the two groups was assessed using six virtual cases of breast cancer and the treatment regimens proposed, with specific benefits and side effects. A total of 2,155 patients and 527 physicians responded to the questionnaire (return rates of 23.9 and 7.6 %). Significantly different ratings between patients and physicians with regard to the expected benefit of certain treatment options were observed. The differences were noted not only for chemotherapy but also for antihormonal and antibody treatments. Whereas physicians had a quite realistic view of the expected treatment benefits, the patients' expectations were varied. Approximately one-fifth of the patients were willing to accept treatment regimens even with marginal anticipated benefits, whereas one-third required unrealistic treatment benefits. Several influencing factors that were significantly associated with the quality rating of treatment regimens in the groups of breast cancer patients and physicians were also identified. In contrast to physicians, many breast cancer patients required treatment benefits beyond what was realistically possible, although a large group of patients were also satisfied with minimal benefits. Individual factors were also identified in both groups that significantly influence thresholds for accepting adjuvant treatment, independently of risk estimates and therapy guidelines.

Der Fachbereich Gynakologie und Geburtshilfe ist Vorreiter fur die zertifiizierten Zentrumsstrukturen, die aktuell das Gesundheitswesen in Deutschland pragen. Perinatalzentren sind seit Jahrzehnten etabliert, erfahren aktuell jedoch durch die Vorgaben des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses (GB-A) eine Umstrukturierung. Im Bereich der Organkrebszentren bzw. onkologischen Zentren waren die zertifizierten Brustzentren nach den Kriterien der DKG und DGS die ersten Zentren, welche sich flachendeckend etablieren konnten. Weitere folgen, u. a. auch die gynakologischen Krebszentren aus unserem Fachbereich. Die Datenlage zur Verbesserung der Prozess- und Ergebnisqualitat nimmt weiterhin zu, sodass neben dem qualitatssichernden Effekt von einer Kosteneffektivitat der zertifizierten Zentrumsstrukturen gesprochen werden kann – dieses aus Sicht des Gesundheitswesens, und nicht aus der Sicht der zertifizierten Zentren, die im Rahmen der Zertifizierungen zunachst einen deutlichen Mehraufwand haben. Zwar sind gunstige Einflusse auf betriebswirtschaftliche Aspekte und das Marketing moglich, doch sind Zuschlage zur Deckung der zusatzlichen Kosten notwendig.

To evaluate complication rates associated with total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) using the Hohl instrument in women with benign indications for hysterectomy, a prospective cohort study was conducted in a university teaching hospital. A total of 567 women with benign indications for hysterectomy underwent the TLH procedure using the Hohl instrument between January 2005 and July 2009. The laparoscopic approach was used when the patient had undergone more than one previous pelvic abdominal operation, when an adnexal finding was present, and/or if the patient had reduced vaginal capacity. One ureteral injury (0.18%), four bladder injuries (0.71%), one small-bowel injury (0.18%), one vaginal injury (0.18%), and one conversion to abdominal hysterectomy (0.18%) occurred. The general complication rate during surgery was 1.42%, whereas in the postoperative period was 3.19%. The mean loss of hemoglobin was 1.47 g/dL (SD 1.06), the mean operating time was 103.87 min (SD 43.89), and the mean uterus weight was 241.41 g (SD 196.73). Total laparoscopic hysterectomy using the Hohl instrument simplifies the surgical procedure. The technique reported here is safe and effective in preventing ureteral complications during TLH, even in a university training program.

There is a growing body of evidence that HER2 status can change during disease recurrence or progression in breast cancer patients. In this context, re-evaluation of HER2 status by assessment of HER2 expression on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a strategy with potential clinical application. The aim of this trial was to determine the HER2 status of CTCs in metastatic breast cancer patients comparing two CTC assays. A total of 254 patients with metastatic breast cancer from nine German university breast cancer centers were enrolled in this prospective study. HER2 status of CTCs was assessed using both the FDA-approved CellSearch® assay and AdnaTest BreastCancer™. Using the CellSearch assay, 122 of 245 (50%) patients had ≥5 CTCs, and HER2-positive CTCs were observed in 50 (41%) of these patients. Ninety of 229 (39%) patients were CTC positive using AdnaTest BreastCancer, and HER2 positivity rate was 47% (42 of 90). The rate of breast cancer patients with HER2-negative primary tumors but HER2-positive CTCs was 32% (25 of 78) and 49% (28 of 57) using the CellSearch assay and AdnaTest BreastCancer, respectively. Considering only those patients who had CTCs on both tests (n = 62), concordant results regarding HER2 positivity were obtained in 50% of the patients (31/62) (P = 0.96, κ = -0.006). HER2-positive CTCs can be detected in a relevant number of patients with HER2 negative primary tumors. Therefore, it will be mandatory to correlate the assay-dependent HER2 status of CTCs to the clinical response on HER2-targeted therapies.

Tip60 was originally identified as cellular HIV-Tat interacting protein and has been shown to augment Tat-dependent transcription. It has also been shown to interact with various cellular transcription factors and to belong to the nuclear histone acetyltransferase (HAT) family. To further elucidate the function of Tip60 and its HAT domain in transcription regulation, we compared Tip60 activity in HeLa and Jurkat T lymphoma cells. Here we show that Tip60 augments the HIV-1 Tat activity at the HIV-LTR promoter in HeLa but inhibits it in Jurkat cells. Moreover, we isolated two new variants of the Tip60 protein (Tip60Delta1, Tip60Delta2) from Jurkat cells. The Tip60Delta2 variant lacks the entire HAT domain but modulates HIV-1 Tat activity like full-length Tip60. In addition, Tip60 and the transcriptional repressor ZEB (zinc finger E box binding protein) interact specifically in the yeast two-hybrid system and additively inhibit the CD4 enhancer/promoter activity in Jurkat cells. Thus, Tip60 may function as corepressor of the ZEB protein. In summary, these data show that Tip60 functions as a cell-type-specific transcriptional regulator and that the HAT domain is not required for either transcriptional activation or inhibition. This indicates that Tip60 may function by recruiting additional cell-type-specific cofactors.

It is considered that establishing accredited specialized centers can serve as a marketing tool. This study investigated whether accredited specialized centers influence patients’ choice of hospital. A total of 2,389 patients was included in a questionnaire survey: 468 at the Department of Gynecology, 745 at the certified University Breast Center of Franconia, 1,000 at the University Perinatal Center of Franconia and 176 for whom classification details were lacking. Among the oncological patients, physicians in private practice played an important role in the choice of hospital (58.4 vs. 25.7%; P