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COVID-19 is a viral prothrombotic respiratory infection. Heparins exert antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects, and might have antiviral properties. We aimed to investigate whether thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin would prevent untoward hospitalisation and death in symptomatic, but clinically stable outpatients with COVID-19.OVID was a randomised, open-label, parallel-group, investigator-initiated, phase 3 trial and was done at eight centres in Switzerland and Germany. Outpatients aged 50 years or older with acute COVID-19 were eligible if they presented with respiratory symptoms or body temperature higher than 37·5°C. Eligible participants underwent block-stratified randomisation (by age group 50-70 vs70 years and by study centre) in a 1:1 ratio to receive either subcutaneous enoxaparin 40 mg once daily for 14 days versus standard of care (no thromboprophylaxis). The primary outcome was a composite of any untoward hospitalisation and all-cause death within 30 days of randomisation. Analysis of the efficacy outcomes was done in the intention-to-treat population. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04400799) and has been completed.At the predefined formal interim analysis for efficacy (50% of total study population), the independent Data Safety Monitoring Board recommended early termination of the trial on the basis of predefined statistical criteria having considered the very low probability of showing superiority of thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin for the primary outcome under the initial study design assumptions. Between Aug 15, 2020, and Jan 14, 2022, from 3319 participants prescreened, 472 were included in the intention-to-treat population and randomly assigned to receive enoxaparin (n=234) or standard of care (n=238). The median age was 57 years (IQR 53-62) and 217 (46%) were women. The 30-day risk of the primary outcome was similar in participants allocated to receive enoxaparin and in controls (8 [3%] of 234 vs 8 [3%] of 238; adjusted relative risk 0·98; 95% CI 0·37-2·56; p=0·96). All hospitalisations were related to COVID-19. No deaths were reported during the study. No major bleeding events were recorded. Eight serious adverse events were recorded in the enoxaparin group versus nine in the control group.These findings suggest thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin does not reduce early hospitalisations and deaths among outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19. Futility of the treatment under the initial study design assumptions could not be conclusively assessed owing to under-representation of older patients and consequent low event rates.SNSF (National Research Programme COVID-19 NRP78: 198352), University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Dr-Ing Georg Pollert (Berlin), Johanna Dürmüller-Bol Foundation.

Despite the ongoing automation of modern production processes manual labor continues to be necessary due to its flexibility and ease of deployment. Automated processes assure quality and traceability, yet manual labor introduces gaps into the quality assurance process. This is not only undesirable but even intolerable in many cases.

In der Schweiz stirbt alle zwei Wochen eine Person infolge häuslicher Gewalt. Die Pandemie mit COVID-19 stellt durch soziale Isolation und Sorgen um Krankheit und Existenz eine Herausforderung an das Zusammenleben dar. Konflikteskalation mit häuslicher Gewalt kann die Folge sein, weshalb eine Sensibilisierung des medizinischen Personals besonders wichtig ist.

Wi-Fi RSS Fingerprint based navigation has enjoyed increasing popularity as a solution for indoor navigation in the last decade. Recently, methods for interpolation of Wi-Fi databases have become the focus of research. This paper shows how common models for Wi-Fi signal propagation can be included into the interpolation method by using universal Kriging, a method that relies on mixed model containing both spatially stochastic and deterministic components. It is shown that, theoretically, it can achieve a very precise reproduction of the spatial distribution of Wi-Fi RSS. The major remaining challenge of this method, however, is to find a suitable representation of the spatial depedency in the variogram, which cannot be estimated properly from recorded Wi-Fi signals. Both the high potential and this vulnerability are highlighted using simulation and measurement results.

Each system using deeply coupling of sensors demands its own parameterized algorithm regarding geometry, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and e.g. vehicle data. The present GNSS-receiver market is not flexible enough to support each application and each special market. Nowadays deeply coupling solution is always a fixed combination of a high performance IMU with a high performance GNSS receiver. This paper describes a GNSS receiver development platform with an open interface to allow deeply coupling of inertial sensors and vector tracking on user side. In this work, two different approaches are adopted for development of an open interface for GNSS receiver. First approach uses standard ZeroMQ library, while in second case dedicated Application Programming Interface (API) is developed for external loop closure. Furthermore, for testing of first approach, three example implementations are presented along with results and comparison with standard tracking loops. Results are presented for second case and compared with standard tracking loops, on single-board computer (SBC).

This paper demonstrates a novel approach for motion classification and analysis using pressure sensors worn by a person. The pressure signal is analysed to search for features corresponding to the motion states, and matched against typical human walking pattern. A prototype system is developed which provides motion classification results in real-time. The motion classification results consists of the number of steps taken by the participant together with the corresponding motion state. The system distinguishes the states associated with a person travelling on a lift, walking on stairs, walking on a flat ground and rest. Data from several participants are collected in a measurement campaign using pressure sensors only, which shows a precision rate of over 90% and a recall rate between 89% and 96%, for the states associated with the movement of participant.

Nursing home residents are often referred by their general practitioners to the emergency department or to a geriatric hospital. Hospitalization is mainly perceived as a burden by elderly people; it may also contribute to a reduction of their mental abilities and functional decline. Reasons for admitting patients from nursing homes include infections, exacerbation of pre-existing cardiovascular disease and falls. GP presence in the nursing home, qualified nursing staff, early diagnosis of infections or acute on chronic episodes of e. g. heart failure and appropriate management of chronic diseases are essential to avoid unnecessary hospitalizations. Furthermore, physicians should identify palliative situations in a timely manner and should be familiar with the patients' preferences regarding hospitalization and place of death.Pflegeheimbewohner werden in der Regel von den behandelnden Hausärzten notfallmässig zur stationären Behandlung in Akutkliniken und Geriatriespitäler eingewiesen. Betagte multimorbide Patienten erleben Hospitalisationen oftmals als belastend; nicht selten führen Spitalaufenthalte bei diesem sehr vulnerablen Kollektiv zu substantiellen Verschlechterungen ihrer kognitiven Leistungen und ihrer noch vorhandenen Selbständigkeit. Indikationen für Spitaleinweisungen aus dem Pflegeheim sind Infekte, Exazerbationen von vorbestehenden Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen und Folgen von Stürzen. Die Verfügbarkeit von Ärzten und qualifiziertem Pflegepersonal, rechtzeitiges Erkennen gefährlicher abwendbarer Verläufe und adäquates Management von chronischen Erkrankungen sind wesentliche Voraussetzungen, um unnötige Hospitalisationen zu vermeiden. Zudem gehört es zu den hausärztlichen Aufgaben, eine Palliativsituation rechtzeitig als solche zu erfassen sowie den Patientenwunsch bezüglich Spitaleinweisung und Sterbeort zu kennen.Les résidents des homes de soins sont souvent hospitalisés par leur médecin de famille dans un service d'urgence ou dans un hôpital gériatrique. Pour les personnes âgées, un séjour à l'hôpital est une grande charge souvent associée à une détérioration de leurs capacités mentales et de leurs compétences fonctionnelles. Les indications pour une hospitalisation des résidents de maisons de soins sont des infections, l'exacerbation de maladies cardiovasculaires préexistantes, et les conséquences de chutes. La disponibilité d'un médecin de famille dans l'home de soins, d'un personnel infirmier qualifié permettent le diagnostic des infections aiguës en temps opportun, la reconnaissance des exacerbations de maladies cardiaques préexistantes et la gestion appropriée des maladies chroniques indispensables pour empêcher des hospitalisations potentiellement évitables. Par ailleurs, le médecin de famille doit reconnaître les situations palliatives à temps et être informé sur les préférences de son patient en ce qui concerne le désir d'hospitalisation et le lieu du décès.

Objective. To investigate diagnostic accuracy in patient histories involving nonspecific complaints and the extent to which characteristics of physicians and structural properties of patient histories are associated with accuracy. Methods. Six histories of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with nonspecific complaints were provided to 112 physicians: 36 ED physicians, 50 internists, and 26 family practitioners. Physicians listed the 3 most likely diagnoses for each history and indicated which cue(s) they considered crucial. Four weeks later, a subset of 20 physicians diagnosed the same 6 histories again. For each history, experts had previously determined the correct diagnoses and the diagnostic cues. Results. Accuracy ranged from 14% to 64% correct diagnoses (correct diagnosis listed as the most likely) and from 29% to 87% correct differential diagnoses (correct diagnosis listed in the differential). Acute care physicians (ED physicians and internists) included the correct diagnosis in the differential in, on average, 3.4 histories, relative to 2.6 for the family practitioners ( P = 0.001, d = .75). Diagnostic performance was fairly reliable (r = .61, P < 0.001). Clinical experience was negatively correlated with diagnostic accuracy ( r = –.25, P = 0.008). Two structural properties of patient histories—cue consensus and cue substitutability—were significantly associated with diagnostic accuracy, whereas case difficulty was not. Finally, prevalence of diagnosis also proved significantly correlated with accuracy. Conclusions. Average diagnostic accuracy in cases with nonspecific complaints far exceeds chance performance, and accuracy varies with medical specialty. Analyzing cue properties in patient histories can help shed light on determinants of diagnostic performance and thus suggest ways to enhance physicians’ ability to accurately diagnose cases with nonspecific complaints.

Background: About half of the patients who visit our emergency Department (ED) complain of pain. Since early and consequent pain relief is of great importance, we started to introduce a first-line pain control