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4. Index

Author

Christiansen, Paul

Published
2018

7. Appendix 2

Author

Christiansen, Paul

Published
2018

8. Conclusion

Author

Christiansen, Paul

Published
2018

15. Appendix 1

Author

Christiansen, Paul

Published
2018

45. Is (poly-) substance use associated with impaired inhibitory control? A mega-analysis controlling for confounders.

Author

Liu, Yang, van den Wildenberg, Wery PM, de Graaf, Ysanne, Ames, Susan L, Baldacchino, Alexander, Bø, Ragnhild, Cadaveira, Fernando, Campanella, Salvatore, Christiansen, Paul, Claus, Eric D, Colzato, Lorenza S, Filbey, Francesca M, Foxe, John J, Garavan, Hugh, Hendershot, Christian S, Hester, Robert, Jester, Jennifer M, Karoly, Hollis C, Kräplin, Anja, Kreusch, Fanny, Landrø, Nils Inge, Littel, Marianne, Loeber, Sabine, London, Edythe D, López-Caneda, Eduardo, Lubman, Dan I, Luijten, Maartje, Marczinski, Cecile A, Metrik, Jane, Montgomery, Catharine, Papachristou, Harilaos, Mi Park, Su, Paz, Andres L, Petit, Géraldine, Prisciandaro, James J, Quednow, Boris B, Ray, Lara A, Roberts, Carl A, Roberts, Gloria MP, de Ruiter, Michiel B, Rupp, Claudia I, Steele, Vaughn R, Sun, Delin, Takagi, Michael, Tapert, Susan F, van Holst, Ruth J, Verdejo-Garcia, Antonio, Vonmoos, Matthias, Wojnar, Marcin, Yao, Yuanwei, Yücel, Murat, Zack, Martin, Zucker, Robert A, Huizenga, Hilde M, and Wiers, Reinout W

Subjects
Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Psychomotor Performance, Executive Function, Inhibition, Psychological, Go/No-Go task, Mega-analysis, Polysubstance use, Response inhibition, Stop-signal task, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Substance Misuse, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Behavioral Science & Comparative Psychology
Abstract

Many studies have reported that heavy substance use is associated with impaired response inhibition. Studies typically focused on associations with a single substance, while polysubstance use is common. Further, most studies compared heavy users with light/non-users, though substance use occurs along a continuum. The current mega-analysis accounted for these issues by aggregating individual data from 43 studies (3610 adult participants) that used the Go/No-Go (GNG) or Stop-signal task (SST) to assess inhibition among mostly "recreational" substance users (i.e., the rate of substance use disorders was low). Main and interaction effects of substance use, demographics, and task-characteristics were entered in a linear mixed model. Contrary to many studies and reviews in the field, we found that only lifetime cannabis use was associated with impaired response inhibition in the SST. An interaction effect was also observed: the relationship between tobacco use and response inhibition (in the SST) differed between cannabis users and non-users, with a negative association between tobacco use and inhibition in the cannabis non-users. In addition, participants' age, education level, and some task characteristics influenced inhibition outcomes. Overall, we found limited support for impaired inhibition among substance users when controlling for demographics and task-characteristics.

Published
2019

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