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669 results on '"Chu, Lan"'

1. Asymmetry in the Acquisition of Directed Motion Constructions in L2 Vietnamese

Author

Phan, Trang, Basciano, Bianca, and Chu, Lan

Subjects
Chinese. Directed motion constructions. Korean. L2 Vietnamese. Language typology. Second language acquisition, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania, PL1-8844
Abstract

This paper offers a comparative overview of the expression of directed motion constructions in Vietnamese, Chinese, and Korean, and explores the acquisition of these constructions by L1 Korean and L1 Chinese learners of Vietnamese, with a focus on the role of typological factors and language-specific morpho-syntactic properties in the acquisition process. This investigation not only provides valuable insights into the challenges faced by learners of L2 Vietnamese from diverse linguistic backgrounds but also enriches our understanding of the typology of motion events.

Published
2024
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2. Determine the Number of States in Hidden Markov Models via Marginal Likelihood

Author

Chen, Yang, Fuh, Cheng-Der, and Kao, Chu-Lan Michael

Subjects
Mathematics - Statistics Theory, Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

Hidden Markov models (HMM) have been widely used by scientists to model stochastic systems: the underlying process is a discrete Markov chain and the observations are noisy realizations of the underlying process. Determining the number of hidden states for an HMM is a model selection problem, which is yet to be satisfactorily solved, especially for the popular Gaussian HMM with heterogeneous covariance. In this paper, we propose a consistent method for determining the number of hidden states of HMM based on the marginal likelihood, which is obtained by integrating out both the parameters and hidden states. Moreover, we show that the model selection problem of HMM includes the order selection problem of finite mixture models as a special case. We give rigorous proof of the consistency of the proposed marginal likelihood method and provide an efficient computation method for practical implementation. We numerically compare the proposed method with the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed marginal likelihood method.

Published
2024

9. Kullback-Leibler Divergence and Akaike Information Criterion in General Hidden Markov Models

Author

Fuh, Cheng-Der, Kao, Chu-Lan Michael, and Pang, Tianxiao

Subjects
Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract

To characterize the Kullback-Leibler divergence and Fisher information in general parametrized hidden Markov models, in this paper, we first show that the log likelihood and its derivatives can be represented as an additive functional of a Markovian iterated function system, and then provide explicit characterizations of these two quantities through this representation. Moreover, we show that Kullback-Leibler divergence can be locally approximated by a quadratic function determined by the Fisher information. Results relating to the Cram\'{e}r-Rao lower bound and the H\'{a}jek-Le Cam local asymptotic minimax theorem are also given. As an application of our results, we provide a theoretical justification of using Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection in general hidden Markov models. Last, we study three concrete models: a Gaussian vector autoregressive-moving average model of order $(p,q)$, recurrent neural networks, and temporal restricted Boltzmann machine, to illustrate our theory., Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure

Published
2023

27. A Twist of a Ramanujan Identity

Author

Chu, Hung Viet and Chu, Lan Khanh

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, Primary 11A67, Secondary 11E25
Abstract

Ramanujan wrote the following identity \begin{align*} \sqrt{2 \left(1 - \frac{1}{3^2}\right) \left(1 - \frac{1}{7^2}\right) \left(1 - \frac{1}{11^2}\right) \left(1 - \frac{1}{19^2}\right)} \ = \ \left(1 + \frac{1}{7}\right) \left(1 + \frac{1}{11}\right) \left(1 + \frac{1}{19}\right), \end{align*} on which Berndt asked "Is this an isolated result, or are there other identities of this type?". Reb\'ak provided formulas that generate many similar identities and believed that the curious identity is related to the reciprocal of the Landau-Ramanujan constant. In a previous work, Chu examined necessary and sufficient conditions for the integers in the identity and proved that there are only finitely many such identities. In this note, we twist the identity to have infinitely many Ramanujan-type identities., Comment: 5 pages

Published
2020

34. Dual Antiplatelet Therapies and Causes in Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Prespecified Analysis in the CHANCE-2 Trial

Author

Xie, Xuewei, Jing, Jing, Meng, Xia, Claiborne Johnston, S., Bath, Philip M., Li, Zixiao, Zhao, Xingquan, Liu, Liping, Wang, Yilong, Xu, Qin, Wang, Anxin, Jiang, Yong, Li, Hao, Wang, Yongjun, Wang, Yongjun, Johnston, S. Claiborne, Xu, Anding, Bath, Philip M. W., Dong, Qiang, Wang, Yongjun, Li, Hao, Meng, Xia, Jing, Jing, Xie, Xuewei, Lin, Jinxi, Simon, Tabassome, Danchin, Nicolas, Zhi, Helen, Peng, Bin, Fan, Dongsheng, Wang, David, Youn, Teddy, Adams, Harold P., Jr., Meng, Xia, Xie, Xuewei, Jing, Jing, Lin, Jinxi, Niu, Siying, Li, Hao, Pan, Yuesong, Wang, Anxin, Jiang, Yong, Jin, Aoming, Wu, Haibo, Shi, Wei, Wu, Haibo, Li, Jianhua, Wang, Yanxia, Wei, Yan, Liu, Haichao, Zhao, Jianhua, Han, Xinshen, Sheng, Baoying, Yang, Xiaofan, Jing, Ping, Chen, Jiechun, Huang, Panbing, Chen, Guofang, Feng, Yefang, Wu, Lie, Zhu, Runxiu, Liu, Peiru, Chang, Liguo, Yang, Xiafeng, Wang, Xinqiang, Zhao, Jinguo, Zhang, Wei, Cui, Zhigang, Wu, Xuemei, Huang, Hua, Liu, Qiuwu, Zhao, Xingquan, Cheng, Dongli, Zhu, Yulan, Wang, Lihua, Li, Guozhong, Zhang, Xiaoxuan, Xue, Wenjun, Chen, Guohua, Li, Haipeng, Deng, Ke, Liu, Jingyao, Liu, Yansong, Wei, Xiu’e, Wang, Dunjing, Feng, Juan, Wang, Baojun, Chen, Yongming, Wu, Bing, Chai, Xiangting, Shi, Fudong, Cai, Xueli, Yang, Hongqin, Zhang, Yundong, Wang, Xia, Wang, Yumei, Shi, Zhimin, Chen, Shengli, Chen, Yangmei, Zhou, Lichun, Hong, Weimin, Yin, Lufeng, Ren, Lijie, Ma, Jianhua, Lei, Yongqian, Wu, Minghua, Zeng, Guoyong, Wu, Lingfeng, Cao, Mingha, Guo, Cunju, Man, Honghao, Bai, Yu, Wu, Aimei, Huang, Xuerong, Zhang, Chunhua, Jiang, Xiaoling, Shao, Peining, Luo, Dexin, Cai, Zhiyou, Jia, Yi, Ma, Aijun, Bai, Ying, Gong, Xuhai, Liu, Jirong, Zhang, Meng, Xu, Anding, Tan, Hong, An, Yi, Wang, Zhimin, Zhao, Weili, Wu, Xiangbin, Gao, Wenwei, Gao, Yueqiang, Li, Xinyi, Wu, Jin, Wang, Feng, Du, Ganqin, Wu, Kaiyi, Wan, Hebin, Chu, Lan, Hong, Daojun, Cao, Hui, Xu, Bing, Liu, Jie, Zhang, Hao, Yang, Jie, Zhang, Guiru, Chen, Hong, Zhang, Jianling, Li, Xuemei, Zou, Yu’an, Wang, Yan, Wei, Xia, Wang, Jianlin, Chen, Weifeng, Liu, Chunfeng, Sui, Changbai, Li, Hongyan, Zhong, Hua, Wu, Aisheng, Fan, Jinqi, Ji, Qiuhong, Lin, Jinshen, Shi, Xueying, Kang, Guangming, Xie, Haiyang, Ma, Dan, Wang, Hongliang, Chen, Wei, Shi, Peng, Shangguan, Wen, Gu, Jun, Feng, Xiaopeng, Zhan, Qunling, Han, Xianwen, Cao, Hongyuan, Wei, Liang, Lu, Weifeng, Zheng, Chunling, Yang, Chunjie, Zhao, Min, Wu, Heng, Dong, Chunhua, He, Yongli, Yao, Shufang, Zhu, Xiangyang, Zhao, Zhong, Ye, Min, Cai, Guodong, Peng, Guangyao, Li, Hongfei, Zhang, Lujun, Zhang, Shoucheng, Zhou, Wei, Liu, Hong, Fan, Xuewen, Tan, Wei, Zhu, Renxiang, He, Tianhui, Wang, Qizhang, Zhang, Lifang, Yang, Jinsuo, Liu, Yuqing, Su, Shaohua, He, Li, Yu, Yadong, Wei, Zhang, Zhankui, Lin, Rong Qiu, Xue, Bin Qi, Ying, Sheng, Lei, Zheng Wu, Shi, Di Wu, Song, Liang Wu, Sheng, Qin, Ding, Xiao, Bo, Wang, Kai, Ting Zhang, Xi, and Jing Pang, Jin

Published
2023
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35. A New Method in Introducing the Uniformly Most Accurate Confidence Set

Author

Chen, Lin-An and Kao, Chu-Lan Michael

Abstract

The uniformly most accurate (UMA) is an important optimal approach in interval estimation, but the current literature often introduces it in a confusing way, rendering the learning, teaching and researching of UMA problematic. Two major aspects cause this confusion. First, UMA is often interpreted to maximize the accuracy of coverage, but in fact, it minimizes the falseness of coverage. Second, even though it is a major concept in interval estimation, the most common proof of UMA requires the result of the uniformly most powerful (UMP) test, which has nothing to do with the rest of the interval estimation concept. To resolve these issues, in this article we propose a new method of introducing UMA that aligns its terminology with its definition and proves it entirely within the concept of confidence interval, independent to the knowledge of hypothesis testing. The new method eliminates the aforementioned confusion and allows for a smoother learning, teaching and research experience in UMA.

Published
2022
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44. A multicenter, randomized, open‐label, phase 2 clinical study of telitacicept in adult patients with generalized myasthenia gravis

Author

Yin, Jian, primary, Zhao, Mingming, additional, Xu, Xianhao, additional, Zhang, Meini, additional, Xu, Zucai, additional, Li, Zunbo, additional, Qin, Xinyue, additional, Li, Zhuyi, additional, Zhao, Chongbo, additional, Zhou, Hongyu, additional, Ma, Ying, additional, Cao, Wenfeng, additional, Wang, Guoping, additional, Lin, Yongzhong, additional, Zhang, Jizhong, additional, Zhang, Xu, additional, Cai, Hongbin, additional, Qian, Weidong, additional, Wang, Yiqi, additional, Zhang, Xinghu, additional, Liu, Guangzhi, additional, Wang, Jiawei, additional, Qiu, Wei, additional, Min, Lianqiu, additional, Li, Jing, additional, Deng, Hui, additional, Chu, Lan, additional, Zhang, Yifan, additional, and Fang, Jianmin, additional

Published
2024
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49. Intravitreal Conbercept or Ranibizumab for myopic choroidal neovascularization

Author

Cai-Yun Zhang, Chu-Lan Li, Jian-Bo Mao, and Li-Jun Shen

Subjects
pathologic myopia, choroidal neovascularization, conbercept, ranibizumab, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

AIM: To compare the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept or ranibizumab for myopic choroidal neovascularization(CNV).METHODS: A retrospective cohort study. This study included 46 patients(46 eyes)with myopic CNV who were treated with conbercept(conbercept group, 20 cases, 20 eyes)or ranibizumab(ranibizumab group, 26 cases, 26 eyes)from March 2015 to August 2019. Central macular thickness(CMT), the number of injections and complications measured by best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)were compared between the two groups before treatment and 1, 3, 6mo after treatment.RESULTS: Before treatment, the BCVA(LogMAR)of conbercept and ranibizumab groups were 0.81±0.51, 0.83±0.66(P=0.900). After treatment, the BCVA(LogMAR)in the conbercept group at 1, 3 and 6mo were 0.59±0.33, 0.49±0.34, 0.44±0.32, in the ranibizumab group were 0.53±0.54, 0.47±0.47, 0.40±0.43. The BCVA was significantly improved in both groups after treatment(all P0.05). Systemic adverse reactions and serious ocular complications were not found during the treatment period.CONCLUSION: Intravitreal conbercept or ranibizumab provide similar efficacy to improve the BCVA and reduce the CMT in the patients with myopic CNV. Both conbercept and ranibizumab could be a choice of treatment for myopic CNV.

Published
2022
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