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This study assessed the influence of exogenous ME in the mitigation of cold damage in pepper seedlings. Melatonin (ME) is a dynamic molecule that helps plants cope with stress in several ways. Cold stress (CS) is one of the most important environmental factors that restrict plant growth and yield. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a valuable commercial crop, highly sensitive to CS. Thus, identifying an efficient strategy to mitigate cold damage is critical for long-term pepper production. For this purpose, the roots of pepper seedlings were pretreated with ME (5 μmol · L−1) and exposed to CS for 7 d. The results indicated that CS suppressed pepper growth, hampered photosynthetic capacity, and damaged root architecture in pepper plants. In contrast, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, and soluble sugars were enhanced in plants under CS. ME (5 μmol · L−1) pretreatment reduced the negative effects of CS by recovering plant growth, root traits, gas exchange elements, and pigment molecules compared to CS control treatment. Furthermore, ME application efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide ion (O2·–), EL, and MDA] while increasing proline and soluble sugar content in pepper leaves. ME application combined with CS further increased antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression. Collectively, our results confirmed the mitigating potential of ME supplementation for CS by maintaining pepper seedling growth, improving the photosynthesis apparatus, regulating pigments, and osmolyte content.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is prevalent among the aging male population and often presents with distressing lower urinary tract symptoms. There is emerging evidence that commercial oral poly-herbal traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation combined with Western medicine (WM) may offer enhanced therapeutic effects compared to WM alone in BPH treatment. Nevertheless, determining the optimal formulations for BPH remains controversial. We aimed to employ a network meta-analysis to compare and assess differences among commonly used and recommended poly-herbal TCM formulations outlined in the Chinese guidelines for BPH treatment, providing clinical medication recommendations and guidance.Methods: We extensively searched for RCTs of BPH patients that had oral poly-herbal TCM formulations and WM treatment, covering both English and Chinese databases up to 31 October 2023. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool Version 2 (ROB2). A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to assess the effectiveness of various formulations, followed by sensitivity and subgroup analyses.Results: Our meta-analysis included 107 RCTs involving 11,037 patients across 16 oral poly-herbal TCM formulations. The quality of the selected studies was assessed as “Some concerns”. Most formulations combined with WM demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to WM alone. For clinical effective rate, Jingui Shenqi pill (JGSQ) + WM had the highest-ranking probability (87.38%). Concerning International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and maximum flow rate of urine, Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFL) + WM was most effective (91.10% and 98.55%). Regarding the quality of life score and postvoid residual urine, Pulean tablet (PLA) + WM ranked first (86.71% and 91.81%). In controlling prostate volume, Huange capsule (HE) + WM demonstrated the highest efficacy (95.65%). Additionally, among the interventions, Lingze (LZ) + WM capsule exhibited the lowest incidence of adverse drug reactions (2.32%).Conclusion: Combining oral poly-herbal TCM formulations with WM may provide greater therapeutic benefits in BPH treatment compared to WM alone. JGSQ, GZFL, PLA, and HE emerged as promising treatment options. However, further rigorous empirical studies are essential to substantiate these findings.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=459651, CRD 42023459651.

This paper proposes a novel material recognition method for robotic tactile sensing. The method is composed of two steps. Firstly, a human-touch-inspired short-duration (1 s) slide action is conducted by the robot to obtain the tactile data. Then, the tactile data is processed with a machine learning algorithm, where 11 bioinspired features were designed to imitate the mechanical stimuli towards the four main types of tactile receptors in the skin. In this paper, a material database consisting of 144,000 tactile images is used to train seven classifiers, and the most accurate classifier is selected to recognize 12 household objects according to their properties and materials. In the property recognition, the materials are classified into 4 categories according to their compliance and texture, and the best accuracy reaches 96% in 36 ms. In the material recognition, the specific materials are recognized, and the best accuracy reaches 90% in 37 ms. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

This study assessed the influence of exogenous ME in the mitigation of cold damage in pepper seedlings. Melatonin (ME) is a dynamic molecule that helps plants cope with stress in several ways. Cold stress (CS) is one of the most important environmental factors that restrict plant growth and yield. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a valuable commercial crop, highly sensitive to CS. Thus, identifying an efficient strategy to mitigate cold damage is critical for long-term pepper production. For this purpose, the roots of pepper seedlings were pretreated with ME (5 mmol $ L-1) and exposed to CS for 7 d. The results indicated that CS suppressed pepper growth, hampered photosynthetic capacity, and damaged root architecture in pepper plants. In contrast, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, and soluble sugars were enhanced in plants under CS. ME (5 mmol $ L-1) pretreatment reduced the negative effects of CS by recovering plant growth, root traits, gas exchange elements, and pigment molecules compared to CS control treatment. Furthermore, ME application efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide ion (O2 $e), EL, and MDA] while increasing proline and soluble sugar content in pepper leaves. ME application combined with CS further increased antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression. Collectively, our results confirmed the mitigating potential of ME supplementation for CS by maintaining pepper seedling growth, improving the photosynthesis apparatus, regulating pigments, and osmolyte content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]