36 results on '"Chun-Han Chang"'
Search Results
2. Stellettin B Induces Cell Death in Bladder Cancer Via Activating the Autophagy/DAPK2/Apoptosis Signaling Cascade
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Chun-Han Chang, Bo-Jyun Lin, Chun-Han Chen, Nham-Linh Nguyen, Tsung-Han Hsieh, Jui-Hsin Su, and Mei-Chuan Chen
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bladder cancer ,stellettin B ,apoptosis ,autophagy ,DAPK2 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. However, the recurrence rate and five-year survival rate have not been significantly improved in advanced BC, and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The anticancer activity of stellettin B (SP-2), a triterpene isolated from the marine sponge Rhabdastrella sp., was evaluated with the MTT assay as well as PI and Annexin V/7-AAD staining. Detailed mechanisms were elucidated through an NGS analysis, protein arrays, and Western blotting. SP-2 suppressed the viability of BC cells without severe toxicity towards normal uroepithelial cells, and it increased apoptosis with the activation of caspase 3/8/9, PARP, and γH2AX. The phosphorylation of FGFR3 and its downstream targets were downregulated by SP-2. Meanwhile, it induced autophagy in BC cells as evidenced by LC3-II formation and p62 downregulation. The inhibition of autophagy using pharmacological inhibitors or through an ATG5-knockout protected RT-112 cells from SP-2-induced cell viability suppression and apoptosis. In addition, the upregulation of DAPK2 mRNA and protein expression also contributed to SP-2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. In RT-112 cells, an FGFR3-TACC3-knockout caused the downregulation of DAPK2, autophagy, and apoptosis. In conclusion, this is the first study demonstrating that SP-2 exhibits potent anti-BC activity by suppressing the FGFR3-TACC3/Akt/mTOR pathway, which further activates a novel autophagy/DAPK2/apoptosis signaling cascade.
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- 2023
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3. S100 protein-positive Langerhans cells in 80 dentigerous cysts
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Chun-Han Chang, Yang-Che Wu, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Andy Sun, Ying-Shiung Kuo, and Chun-Pin Chiang
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Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Background/purpose: Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study assessed the LC counts in 80 dentigerous cysts (DCs). Materials and methods: The S100-positive LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 80 DC sites without inflammation, 33 DC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 9 DC sites with severe inflammation from 80 DC specimens. Results: The mean S100-positive LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.6 ± 0.6 and 0.7 ± 0.6 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (8.1 ± 2.0 and 4.5 ± 2.3 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation DC sites (21.0 ± 7.0 and 11.1 ± 6.5 cells/HPF, respectively; P-value 50 μm) group (8.6 ± 7.1 and 4.8 ± 4.5 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (â¦50 μm) group (0.6 ± 0.6 and 0.6 ± 0.6 cells/HPF, respectively; both P-valuesÂ
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- 2017
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4. Significant association of high-grade inflammation and thick lining epithelium with the increased number of Langerhans cells in dentigerous cysts
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Chun-Han Chang, Yang-Che Wu, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Andy Sun, Shih-Jung Cheng, and Hsin-Ming Chen
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Langerhans cell ,Dentigerous cyst ,Inflammation ,Lining epithelium ,Immunosurveillance ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study assessed the LC counts in 80 dentigerous cysts (DCs). Methods: The CD1a-positive LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 80 DC sites without inflammation, 33 DC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 9 DC sites with severe inflammation from 80 DC specimens. Results: The mean LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.5 ± 0.5 and 0.2 ± 0.3 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (6.8 ± 1.8 and 2.4 ± 2.0 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation DC sites (18.9 ± 7.0 and 6.7 ± 5.8 cells/HPF, respectively; all P-values 50 μm) group (7.4 ± 6.5 and 2.6 ± 3.4 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (≦ 50 μm) group (0.5 ± 0.5 and 0.2 ± 0.3 cells/HPF, respectively; both P-values
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- 2017
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5. Significant association of inflammation grade with the number of Langerhans cells in odontogenic keratocysts
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Chun-Han Chang, Yang-Che Wu, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Andy Sun, Shih-Jung Cheng, and Hsin-Ming Chen
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Langerhans cell ,Odontogenic keratocyst ,Aggressive clinical behavior ,High recurrence rate ,Immunosurveillance ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study assessed the LC counts in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs). Methods: The LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 60 OKC sites without inflammation, 39 OKC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 13 OKC sites with severe inflammation from 60 OKC specimens immunostained with anti-S100 antibodies. Results: The mean LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.5 ± 0.4 and 0.7 ± 0.6 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (5.9 ± 2.7 and 5.0 ± 3.5 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation OKC sites (14.7 ± 5.3 and 13.3 ± 6.8 cells/HPF, respectively; all P-values 100 μm) group (7.7 ± 5.6 and 6.5 ± 5.8 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (≦ 100 μm) group (1.0 ± 2.0 and 1.4 ± 2.6 cells/HPF, respectively; both P-values
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- 2017
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6. Langerhans cells in 60 odontogenic keratocysts
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Chun-Han Chang, Yang-Che Wu, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Andy Sun, Hsin-Ming Chen, and Hung-Pin Lin
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Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Background/purpose: Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study mainly evaluated the LC counts in 60 odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs). Materials and methods: The CD1a-positive LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 60 OKC sites without inflammation, 39 OKC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 13 OKC sites with severe inflammation from 60 OKC specimens. Results: The mean CD1a-positive LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.5 ± 0.4 and 0.2 ± 0.3 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (5.3 ± 2.5 and 2.5 ± 2.7 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation OKC sites (12.7 ± 5.6 and 9.3 ± 7.2 cells/HPF, respectively; all P-values 100 μm) group (6.8 ± 5.1 and 3.7 ± 4.9 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (≦100 μm) group (1.0 ± 1.7 and 0.8 ± 2.5 cell/HPF, respectively; both P-values
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- 2017
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7. Selenite enhances immune response against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 via SKN-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Wen-Hsuan Li, Chun-Han Chang, Chi-Wei Huang, Chia-Cheng Wei, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important nutrient that carries out many biological processes including maintaining optimal immune function. Here, inorganic selenite (Se(IV)) was evaluated for its pathogen resistance and potential-associated factors in Caenorhabditis elegans. The immune effects of Se(IV) were investigated by examining the responses of C. elegans to Pseudomonas aerugonisa PA14 strain.Se(IV)-treated C. elegans showed increased survival under PA14 infection compared with untreated controls. The significant pathogen resistance of Se(IV) on C. elegans might not be attributed to the effects of Se(IV) on PA14 as Se(IV) showed no effect on bacterial quorum-sensing and virulence factors of PA14. This study showed that Se(IV) enhanced the expression of a gene pivotal for the innate immunity in C. elegans. The study found that the pathogen-resistant phenotypes contributed by Se(IV) was absent from the skn-1 mutant worms. Moreover, Se(IV) influenced the subcellular distribution of SKN-1/Nrf in C. elegans upon PA14 infection. Furthermore, Se(IV) increased mRNA levels of SKN-1 target genes (gst-4 and gcs-1).This study found evidence of Se(IV) protecting C. elegans against P. aeruginosa PA14 infection by exerting effects on the innate immunity of C. elegans that is likely mediated via regulation of a SKN-1-dependent signaling pathway.
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- 2014
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8. Protective Effects of Piceatannol on DNA Damage in Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Human Colon Epithelial Cells
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Chun-Han Chang, You-Tsz Lien, Wei-Sheng Lin, Kalyanam Nagabhushanam, Chi-Tang Ho, and Min-Hsiung Pan
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General Chemistry ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2023
9. Imaging modalities for the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis
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Chun‐han Chang, Kevin Sheng‐Kai Ma, and James Cheng‐Chung Wei
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Rheumatology - Published
- 2023
10. Prevention of Glutamate‐Induced Neurodegeneration by Piceatannol via Mitochondrial Rescue In Vitro and In Vivo
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Yen‐Chun Koh, Dickson Chok, Chun‐Han Chang, Chia‐Cheng Wei, Chia‐Tung Wu, Ko‐Chun Cheng, Kalyanam Nagabhushanam, Chi‐Tang Ho, and Min‐Hsiung Pan
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Food Science ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2023
11. Potential <scp>anti‐Parkinsonian'</scp> s effect of S ‐(+)‐linalool from Cinnamomum osmophloeum ct. linalool leaves are associated with mitochondrial regulation via gas‐1 , nuo‐1 , and mev‐1 in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Chun‐Han Chang, Shang‐Tzen Chang, and Vivian Hsiu‐Chuan Liao
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Pharmacology - Published
- 2022
12. Use of an inflatable mat to reduce body discomfort development when performing computer work at a standing desk
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Ming I.Brandon Lin, Chun Han Chang, and Yi-Ting Yen
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual analogue scale ,Average rectified value ,Posture ,Paraspinal Muscles ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Electromyography ,Lumbar ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Back pain ,Humans ,Medicine ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Computers ,business.industry ,Sagittal plane ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Inflatable ,Standing Position ,Ergonomics ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Center of pressure (fluid mechanics) - Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of inflatable mat design on body discomfort, task performance, and musculoskeletal exposures during standing computer work. Twenty-seven healthy adults completed three 2-hour standing trials on different mediums (concrete floor, foam mat, and inflatable mat) on different days in an experimental laboratory. Both mats were associated with reduced discomfort in all lower-body regions and increased typing performance compared to the concrete floor. Perceived discomfort in lower extremities (except thighs) was further alleviated while standing on the inflatable mat than on the foam mat. Use of the inflatable mat led to increased lower-body muscle activity, a flexed lower back, and a wide range of sagittal knee movements. As standing time increased, body discomfort increased, typing accuracy decreased, and there were increased variations in muscle activity and postural movements in the lower body. The inflatable mat shows potential to improve the ergonomic experience during prolonged standing. Practitioner summary: Incorporating standing postures in office-based workplaces can reduce sitting time and may mitigate the health hazards associated with sedentary behaviour. With adequate weight-shifting movements, using an inflatable mat for standing could be an effective way to lessen discomfort and accumulated musculoskeletal strain due to constrained standing, without jeopardising task productivity. Abbreviations: APDF: amplitude probability distribution function. AVR: average rectified value. CI: confidence interval. CMRR: common mode rejection ratio. COP: center of pressure. CV: coefficient of variation. EA: electrical activity. EMG: electromyography. FL: fibularis longus. GM: gluteus medius. LBP: lower back pain. LES: lumbar erector spinae. MVC: maximum voluntary contraction. PD: pain developer. rANOVA: repeated-measures analysis of variance. SOL: soleus. VAS: visual analog scale. WPM: words per minute.
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- 2021
13. Computational Modeling of Verb Acquisition, from a Monolingual to a Bilingual Study.
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Laurent Prévot 0001, Chun-Han Chang, and Yann Desalle
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- 2010
14. The Use of a Cultural Protocol for Quantifying Cultural Variations in Comparing Verb Semantic between Chinese and French.
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Hintat Cheung, Yann Desalle, Karine Duvignau, Bruno Gaume, Chun-Han Chang, and Pierre Magistry
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- 2010
15. Bridging the Gap between Graph Modeling and Developmental Psycholinguistics: An Experiment on Measuring Lexical Proximity in Chinese Semantic Space.
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Shu-Kai Hsieh, Chun-Han Chang, Ivy Kuo, Hintat Cheung, Chu-Ren Huang, and Bruno Gaume
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- 2009
16. Potential anti-Parkinsonian's effect of S-(+)-linalool from Cinnamomum osmophloeum ct. linalool leaves are associated with mitochondrial regulation via gas-1, nuo-1, and mev-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Chun-Han, Chang, Shang-Tzen, Chang, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan, Liao
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Acyclic Monoterpenes ,Oils, Volatile ,Animals ,Parkinson Disease ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,Oxidopamine ,Cinnamomum - Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, and developing new treatments from natural products is of particular interest. Essential oils from Cinnamomum osmophloeum ct. linalool leaves contain high levels (~95%) of S-(+)-linalool. The neuroprotective effects of linalool have been previously described, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-Parkinsonian's effect of S-(+)-linalool on mitochondrial regulation and decipher the underlying molecular mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans PD model. Essential oils at 20 mg/L and 20 mg/L S-(+)-linalool each significantly attenuated the damaging effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on dopaminergic (DA) neurons and decreased the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR
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- 2022
17. Chronic di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure leads to dopaminergic neuron degeneration through mitochondrial dysfunction in C. elegans
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Mei-Lun Huang, Pei-Ling Yen, Chun-Han Chang, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
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Mammals ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Diethylhexyl Phthalate ,Dopaminergic Neurons ,Phthalic Acids ,Animals ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Toxicology ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Pollution ,Ecosystem ,Mitochondria - Abstract
The plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is frequently detected in the environment due to the abundance of its use. These levels might be hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Phthalates have been associated with neurological disorders, yet whether chronic DEHP exposure plays a role in Parkinson's disease (PD) or its underlying mechanisms is unknown. We investigated the effects of chronic DEHP exposure less than an environmentally-relevant dose on PD hallmarks, using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. We show that developmental stage and exposure timing influence DEHP-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration. In addition, in response to chronic DEHP exposure at 5 mg/L, mitochondrial fragmentation became significantly elevated, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, and ATP levels decreased, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs. Furthermore, the data show that mitochondrial complex I (nuo-1 and gas-1) and complex II (mev-1) are involved in DEHP-induced dopaminergic neuron toxicity. These results suggest that chronic exposure to DEHP at levels less than an environmentally-relevant dose causes dopaminergic neuron degeneration through mitochondrial dysfunction involving mitochondrial complex I and II. Considering the high level of genetic conservation between C. elegans and mammals, chronic DEHP exposure might elevate the risk of developing PD in humans.
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- 2022
18. Co-exposure to foodborne and waterborne ZnO nanoparticles in aquatic sediment environments enhances DNA damage and stress gene expression in freshwater Asian clam Corbicula fluminea
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Pei-Ling Yen, Shang-Wei Li, Chi-Wei Huang, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, and Chun-Han Chang
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biology ,DNA damage ,Chemistry ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Sediment ,biology.organism_classification ,Algae ,Benthic zone ,Bioaccumulation ,Environmental chemistry ,Ecosystem ,Corbicula fluminea ,Ecotoxicity ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The widespread usage of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and their potential to accumulate in sediment have raised great concerns regarding their chronic ecotoxicity in benthic ecosystems. This study investigated the effects of ZnO-NPs on the freshwater Asian clam Corbicula fluminea exposed to the nanoparticles through various routes in aquatic sediment environments. Significant amounts of Zn accumulated in the single-celled algae Chlorella ellipsoidea exposed to ZnO-NPs, resulting in foodborne exposure for C. fluminea. In addition, Zn was analyzed in overlaying water, pore water, and sediment in aquatic sediment environments and was found to accumulate mostly in sediment. Co-exposure to foodborne and waterborne ZnO-NPs significantly increased the mortality in C. fluminea compared to the mortality in clams exposed to untreated algae (about two-fold increase on day 28). Further evidence showed that bioaccumulation (about 1.5-fold increase), the expression of stress genes (about 1.5-fold increase), and DNA damage (about two-fold increase) were significantly enhanced in C. fluminea upon co-exposure to foodborne and waterborne ZnO-NPs compared with the levels in untreated algae on day 14. This study helps broaden the understanding of the ecotoxicity of ZnO-NPs and their interactions with sediment, algae, and bivalves in benthic ecosystems.
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- 2020
19. Nanoplastic exposure in soil compromises the energy budget of the soil nematode C. elegans and decreases reproductive fitness
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Chi-Wei Huang, Pei-Ling Yen, Yu-Hsuan Kuo, Chun-Han Chang, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
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Soil ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Microplastics ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Animals ,Polystyrenes ,Genetic Fitness ,RNA, Messenger ,General Medicine ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Toxicology ,Pollution ,Ecosystem - Abstract
Environmental nanoplastics (NPs) can accumulate in soils, posing a potential risk to soil ecosystems. However, the ecotoxicity of NPs for soil organisms has received little research attention. This study investigated whether NP exposure in soil leads to reproductive decline in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and sought to determine the mechanisms by which it may occur. Wild-type N2 C. elegans L1 larvae were exposed to various concentrations of nano-sized polystyrene (100 nm) in soil (0, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg dry weight) for 96 h. We show that nano-sized polystyrene (100 nm) labeled with red fluorescence significantly accumulated in the intestine of C. elegans in a dose-dependent fashion via soil exposure (8%-47% increase). In addition, NP soil exposure led to 7%-33% decline in the number of eggs in utero and 2.6%-4.4% decline in the egg hatching percentage. We also find that the number of germ cell corpses (31%-55% increase) and the mRNA levels of germline apoptosis marker gene ced-3 (14%-31% increase) were significantly higher with greater NP soil exposure (10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg), while intracellular ATP levels were significantly reduced. Finally, the DEBtox model, which is based on the dynamic energy budget theory, was applied to show that the increased reproductive costs for C. elegans caused by NPs in soil are associated with energy depletion and reproductive decline. The threshold value (4.18 × 10
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- 2022
20. N-γ-(L-glutamyl)-L-selenomethionine shows neuroprotective effects against Parkinson's disease associated with SKN-1/Nrf2 and TRXR-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Chun Han Chang, Chi-Tang Ho, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, and Chia Cheng Wei
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Parkinson's disease ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Transgene ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Neuroprotection ,RNA interference ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,Selenomethionine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Dopaminergic Neurons ,Dopaminergic ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,Parkinson Disease ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,alpha-Synuclein ,Molecular Medicine ,Selenoprotein ,Oxidative stress ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, yet fundamental treatments for the disease remain sparse. Thus, the search for potentially efficacious compounds from medicinal plants that can be used in the treatment of PD has gained significant interest. Purpose: In many medicinal plants, selenium is primarily found in an organic form. We investigated the neuroprotective potential of an organic form of selenium, N-γ-(L-glutamyl)-L-selenomethionine (Glu-SeMet) in a Caenorhabditis elegans PD model and its possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: We used a C. elegans pharmacological PD strain (BZ555) that specifically expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in dopaminergic neurons and a transgenic PD strain (NL5901) that expresses human α-synuclein (α-syn) in muscle cells to investigate the neuroprotective potential of Glu-SeMet against PD. Results: We found that Glu-SeMet significantly ameliorated 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced dopaminergic neuron damage in the transgenic BZ555 strain, with corresponding improvements in slowing behavior and intracellular ROS levels. In addition, compared with clinical PD drugs (L-DOPA and selegiline), Glu-SeMet demonstrated stronger ameliorated effects on 6-OHDA-induced toxicity. Glu-SeMet also triggered the nuclear translocation of SKN-1/Nrf2 and significantly increased SKN-1, GST-4, and GCS-1 mRNA levels in the BZ555 strain. However, Glu-SeMet did not increase mRNA levels or ameliorate the damage to dopaminergic neurons when the BZ555 strain was subjected to skn-1 RNA interference (RNAi). Glu-SeMet also upregulated the mRNA levels of the selenoprotein TRXR-1 in both the BZ555 and BZ555; skn-1 RNAi strains and significantly decreased α-syn accumulation in the NL5901 strain, although this was not observed in the NL5901; trxr-1 strain. Conclusion: We found that Glu-SeMet has a neuroprotective effect against PD in a C. elegans PD model and that the anti-PD effects of Glu-SeMet were associated with SKN-1/Nrf2 and TRXR-1. Glu-SeMet may thus have the potential for use in therapeutic applications or supplements to slow the progression of PD.
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- 2021
21. Comment on 'Global distribution of earthworm diversity'
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Chun-Han Chang, Nonillon M. Aspe, Juan J. Jiménez, Manuel Blouin, Patrick Lavelle, C. Csuzdi, Samuel W. James, Alexander Feijoo, Maharishi International University [Fairfield] (MIU), Eszterházy Károly University, National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions - College of Resources and Environmental Sciences (PSI), China Agricultural University (CAU), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC (IPE-CSIC), Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira [Colombie] (UTP), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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0106 biological sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Invasive species ,Global distribution ,Soil ,Temperate climate ,Animals ,Oligochaeta ,media_common ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Ecology ,Earthworm ,Tropics ,Sampling (statistics) ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Geography ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Soils ,Species richness ,Diversity (politics) - Abstract
Phillips et al . (Reports, 25 October 2019, p. 480) incorrectly conclude that tropical earthworm communities are less diverse and abundant than temperate communities. This result is an artifact generated by some low-quality datasets, lower sampling intensity in the tropics, different patterns in richness-area relationships, the occurrence of invasive species in managed soils, and a focus on local rather than regional richness.
- Published
- 2021
22. S ‐Allylcysteine Ameliorates Aging Features via Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics in Naturally Aged C57BL/6J Mice
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Pin‐Hua Chen, Chun‐Han Chang, Wei‐Sheng Lin, Kalyanam Nagabhushanam, Chi‐Tang Ho, and Min‐Hsiung Pan
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Male ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Aging ,Mice ,Sirtuin 1 ,Animals ,Cysteine ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Mitochondrial Dynamics ,Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
S-Allylcysteine (SAC) is the most abundant organosulfur molecule derived from aged garlic. The effects ofSAC on improving Aging in naturally aged C57BL/6J male mice and mitochondrial dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans and its underlying mechanisms is evaluated.When mice have attained reproductive senescence at 60 weeks of age, SAC is supplemented to 0.05% and 0.2% into their normal diet for 12 weeks. The results show that SAC could significantly improve the level of hepatic optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) mRNA, which is a key factor for mitochondrial fusion, and consequently elevated the mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), thus ameliorating oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine. Among the biochemical markers of aging, SAC significantly reduces liver galactosidase β1 (GLB1) and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-βgal), which are induced by replicative senescence. The mitochondria with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged transgenic strain SJ4103 C. elegans is incubated with 5 or 50 µM SAC, and SAC treated groups maintain the linear morphology of mitochondria.SAC regulates mitochondrial dynamics and ameliorated aging to a significant degree. This study also confirms that mitochondrial dynamics are a promising target for screening materials to combat aging and as a direction for anti-aging product development.
- Published
- 2022
23. The anti-TH17 polarization effect of Indigo naturalis and tryptanthrin by differentially inhibiting cytokine expression
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Li Wha Wu, Chun Han Chang, Jin Yuarn Lin, Hui Man Cheng, Wei Yu Fang, Chen Ni Chang, Che Ying Chang, Shin Chen Pan, and Yi Zih Kuo
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Keratinocytes ,Chemokine ,Pharmacology ,Jurkat cells ,Indigo ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Jurkat Cells ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Discovery ,Gene expression ,Animals ,Humans ,Psoriasis ,Interleukin 8 ,030304 developmental biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Skin ,Mice, Knockout ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,Endothelial Cells ,U937 Cells ,Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ,I-kappa B Kinase ,CCL20 ,Disease Models, Animal ,Phenotype ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Quinazolines ,Cytokines ,Th17 Cells ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Indirubin ,Inflammation Mediators ,Immunosuppressive Agents ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance The Chinese herbal medicine Qing-Dai (also known as Indigo naturalis) extracted from indigo-bearing plants including Baphicacanthus cusia (Ness) Bremek was previously reported to exhibit anti-psoriatic effects in topical treatment. TH17 was later established as a key player in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We investigated the anti-TH17 effect of Indigo naturalis and its active compounds. The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of Indigo naturalis (IN) and its derivatives on five cell types involved in psoriasis, and to study the anti-inflammatory mechanism for the toxicity. Materials and methods Following the fingerprint and quantity analysis of indirubin, indigo, and tryptanthrin in IN extract, we used MTS kits to measure the anti-proliferative effect of IN and three active compounds on five different cell types identified in psoriatic lesions. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis was used to measure the expression of various genes identified in the activated keratinocytes and TH17 polarized gene expression in RORγt-expressing T cells. Results We showed that IN differentially inhibited the proliferation of keratinocytes and endothelial cells but not monocytes, fibroblasts nor Jurkat T cells. Among three active compounds identified in IN, tryptanthrin was the most potent compound to reduce their proliferation. In addition to differentially reducing IL6 and IL8 expression, both IN and tryptanthrin also potently decreased the expression of anti-microbial S100A9 peptide, CCL20 chemokine, IL1B and TNFA cytokines, independent of NF-κB-p65-activation. Their attenuating effect was also detected on the expression of signature cytokines or chemokines induced during RORγT-induced TH17 polarization. Conclusions We were the first to confirm a direct anti-TH17 effect of both IN herbal extract and tryptanthrin.
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- 2019
24. Significant association of inflammation grade with the number of Langerhans cells in odontogenic keratocysts
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Andy Sun, Shih-Jung Cheng, Hsin-Ming Chen, Chun Han Chang, Yu Hsueh Wu, and Yang Che Wu
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Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Langerhans cell ,Adolescent ,Aggressive clinical behavior ,Cell ,Odontogenic Tumors ,Inflammation ,Epithelium ,High recurrence rate ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Monitoring, Immunologic ,medicine ,Humans ,Moderate inflammation ,Child ,Aged ,lcsh:R5-920 ,biology ,business.industry ,S100 Proteins ,Immunosurveillance ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Odontogenic keratocyst ,Odontogenic ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Langerhans Cells ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Odontogenic Cysts ,biology.protein ,Female ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,medicine.symptom ,Antibody ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business - Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study assessed the LC counts in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs). Methods: The LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 60 OKC sites without inflammation, 39 OKC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 13 OKC sites with severe inflammation from 60 OKC specimens immunostained with anti-S100 antibodies. Results: The mean LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.5 ± 0.4 and 0.7 ± 0.6 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (5.9 ± 2.7 and 5.0 ± 3.5 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation OKC sites (14.7 ± 5.3 and 13.3 ± 6.8 cells/HPF, respectively; all P-values 100 μm) group (7.7 ± 5.6 and 6.5 ± 5.8 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (≦ 100 μm) group (1.0 ± 2.0 and 1.4 ± 2.6 cells/HPF, respectively; both P-values
- Published
- 2017
25. Langerhans cells in 60 odontogenic keratocysts
- Author
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Yang Che Wu, Hung Pin Lin, Yu Hsueh Wu, Chun Han Chang, Andy Sun, and Hsin-Ming Chen
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Langerhans cell ,aggressive clinical behavior ,immunosurveillance ,Inflammation ,CD1a ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Moderate inflammation ,General Dentistry ,030206 dentistry ,Epithelium ,Odontogenic ,Severe inflammation ,Immunosurveillance ,lcsh:RK1-715 ,odontogenic keratocyst ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,lcsh:Dentistry ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,high recurrence rate ,High recurrence rate - Abstract
Background/purpose: Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study mainly evaluated the LC counts in 60 odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs). Materials and methods: The CD1a-positive LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 60 OKC sites without inflammation, 39 OKC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 13 OKC sites with severe inflammation from 60 OKC specimens. Results: The mean CD1a-positive LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.5 ± 0.4 and 0.2 ± 0.3 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (5.3 ± 2.5 and 2.5 ± 2.7 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation OKC sites (12.7 ± 5.6 and 9.3 ± 7.2 cells/HPF, respectively; all P-values 100 μm) group (6.8 ± 5.1 and 3.7 ± 4.9 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (≦100 μm) group (1.0 ± 1.7 and 0.8 ± 2.5 cell/HPF, respectively; both P-values
- Published
- 2017
26. GuangQunFangPu: e-Humanities Combining Textual and Botanic Information.
- Author
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Shu-Kai Hsieh, Shu-Ming Chang, Chun-Han Chang, Yi-Shuan Zhou, Chu-Ren Huang, Feng-Ju Lo, and Ru-Yng Chang
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Parental CuO nanoparticles exposure results in transgenerational toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans associated with possible epigenetic regulation
- Author
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Chun-Han Chang, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, Pei-Ling Yen, Chia-Cheng Wei, Chi-Wei Huang, and Amornrat Chaikritsadakarn
- Subjects
inorganic chemicals ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Transgenerational epigenetics ,In vivo ,Animals ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,biology ,Chemistry ,Reproduction ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollution ,Cuo nanoparticles ,Cell biology ,Mrna level ,Maternal Exposure ,Toxicity ,Nanoparticles ,Female ,Reproductive toxicity ,Copper - Abstract
Environmental nanomaterials contamination is a great concern for organisms including human. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are widely used in a huge range of applications which might pose potential risk to organisms. This study investigated the in vivo transgenerational toxicity on development and reproduction with parental CuO NPs exposure in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that CuO NPs (150 mg/L) significantly reduced the body length of parental C. elegans (P0). Only about 1 mg/L Cu2+ (~0.73%) were detected from 150 mg/L CuO NPs in 0.5X K-medium after 48 h. In transgenerational assays, CuO NPs (150 mg/L) parental exposure significantly induced developmental and reproductive toxicity in non-exposed C. elegans progeny (CuO NPs free) on body length (F1) and brood size (F1 and F2), respectively. In contrast, parental exposure to Cu2+ (1 mg/L) did not cause transgenerational toxicity on growth and reproduction. This suggests that the transgenerational toxicity was mostly attributed to the particulate form of CuO NPs. Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that the mRNA levels of met-2 and spr-5 genes were significantly decreased at P0 and F1 upon only maternal exposure to CuO NPs (150 mg/L), suggesting the observed transgenerational toxicity was associated with possible epigenetic regulation in C. elegans.
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- 2020
28. The bioavailability and potential ecological risk of copper and zinc in river sediment are affected by seasonal variation and spatial distribution
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Chun-Han Chang, Pei-Ling Yen, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, Chi-Wei Huang, Chun Ming How, Chan-Wei Yu, and Zhen You Chai
- Subjects
Pollution ,China ,Geologic Sediments ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Biological Availability ,010501 environmental sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Spatial distribution ,Risk Assessment ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Rivers ,Metals, Heavy ,Environmental monitoring ,medicine ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,Aquatic ecosystem ,Sediment ,Contamination ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,Bioavailability ,Zinc ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Seasons ,Environmental Pollution ,Copper ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
River sediment is the ultimate sink for heavy metal pollution. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are consistently found at environmentally significant levels in sediments worldwide. We hypothesized that the bioavailability and potential ecological risk of Cu and Zn in river sediments may be affected by seasonal variations and spatial distribution. In this study, we tested our hypothesis using highly industrialized river sediments (Laojie River) as an example. The concentration of heavy metals, pollution indexes, and risk indexes were evaluated and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. We found that seasonal variations affect heavy metal contamination, pollution indexes, and potential ecological risk in sediments and this effect was more severe in the dry season. In addition, higher levels of metal contamination, pollution indexes, and potential ecological risk were observed midstream and downstream of the Laojie River. We found that Cu and Zn were the primary contaminants in Laojie River sediments and may originate from common anthropogenic sources. Analysis of the chemical fractions further revealed that Cu and Zn exhibited high mobility and potential bioavailability risk. In addition, a high percentage and amount of Cu and Zn were found in exchangeable fractions, suggesting they pose a great risk to aquatic organisms. Our results indicate that seasonal variations and spatial distribution affect the bioavailability and potential ecological risk of Cu and Zn in river sediments. These findings suggest that seasonal variations and spatial distribution are important parameters to consider for environmental monitoring and environmental management in aquatic environments.
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- 2020
29. Both Phosphorus Fertilizers and Indigenous Bacteria Enhance Arsenic Release into Groundwater in Arsenic-Contaminated Aquifers
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Tzu-Yu Lin, Fu-Lan Hsu, Chun-Han Chang, Chi-Wei Huang, Chia-Cheng Wei, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
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inorganic chemicals ,0301 basic medicine ,Geologic Sediments ,Potassium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010501 environmental sciences ,Dipotassium phosphate ,01 natural sciences ,Arsenic ,Soil ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fertilizers ,Groundwater ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Bacteria ,integumentary system ,Ecology ,Phosphorus ,Agriculture ,General Chemistry ,Phosphate ,Arsenic contamination of groundwater ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Metals ,Environmental chemistry ,Water Microbiology ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Microcosm ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a human carcinogen, and arsenic contamination in groundwater is a worldwide public health concern. Arsenic-affected areas are found in many places but are reported mostly in agricultural farmlands, yet the interaction of fertilizers, microorganisms, and arsenic mobilization in arsenic-contaminated aquifers remains uncharacterized. This study investigates the effects of fertilizers and bacteria on the mobilization of arsenic in two arsenic-contaminated aquifers. We performed microcosm experiments using arsenic-contaminated sediments and amended with inorganic nitrogenous or phosphorus fertilizers for 1 and 4 months under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The results show that microcosms amended with 100 mg/L phosphorus fertilizers (dipotassium phosphate), but not nitrogenous fertilizers (ammonium sulfate), significantly increase aqueous As(III) release in arsenic-contaminated sediments under anaerobic condition. We also show that concentrations of iron, manganese, potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium are increased in the aqueous phase and that the addition of dipotassium phosphate causes a further increase in aqueous iron, potassium, and sodium, suggesting that multiple metal elements may take part in the arsenic release process. Furthermore, microbial analysis indicates that the dominant microbial phylum is shifted from α-proteobacteria to β- and γ-proteobacteria when the As(III) is increased and phosphate is added in the aquifer. Our results provide evidence that both phosphorus fertilizers and microorganisms can mediate the release of arsenic to groundwater in arsenic-contaminated sediments under anaerobic condition. Our study suggests that agricultural activity such as the use of fertilizers and monitoring phosphate concentration in groundwater should be taken into consideration for the management of arsenic in groundwater.
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- 2016
30. Humic acids enhance the microbially mediated release of sedimentary ferrous iron
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Chun-Han Chang, Chia-Cheng Wei, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, Tzu-Hsuan Tu, and Li-Hung Lin
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Geologic Sediments ,Iron ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Microorganism ,Microbial Consortia ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Mineralogy ,010501 environmental sciences ,Deltaproteobacteria ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,Arsenic ,Ferrous ,03 medical and health sciences ,Environmental Chemistry ,Humic acid ,Organic matter ,Ferrous Compounds ,Groundwater ,Humic Substances ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Bacteria ,biology ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollution ,030104 developmental biology ,Microbial population biology ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Geobacter - Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element for many organisms, but high concentrations of iron can be toxic. The complex relation between iron, arsenic (As), bacteria, and organic matter in sediments and groundwater is still an issue of environmental concern. The present study addresses the effects of humic acids and microorganisms on the mobilization of iron in sediments from an arsenic-affected area, and the microbial diversity was analyzed. The results showed that the addition of 50, 100, and 500 mg/L humic acids enhanced ferrous iron (Fe(II)) release in a time-dependent and dose-dependent fashion under anaerobic conditions. A significant increase in the soluble Fe(II) concentrations occurred in the aqueous phases of the samples during the first 2 weeks, and aqueous Fe(II) reached its maximum concentrations after 8 weeks at the following Fe(II) concentrations: 28.95 ± 1.16 mg/L (original non-sterilized sediments), 32.50 ± 0.71 mg/L (50 mg/L humic acid-amended, non-sterilized sediments), 37.50 ± 1.85 mg/L (100 mg/L humic acid-amended, non-sterilized sediments), and 39.00 ± 0.43 mg/L (500 mg/L humic acid-amended, non-sterilized sediments). These results suggest that humic acids can further enhance the microbially mediated release of sedimentary iron under anaerobic conditions. By contrast, very insignificant amounts of iron release were observed from sterilized sediments (the abiotic controls), even with the supplementation of humic acids under anaerobic incubation. In addition, the As(III) release was increased from 50 ± 10 μg/L (original non-sterilized sediments) to 110 ± 45 μg/L (100 mg/L humic acid-amended, non-sterilized sediments) after 8 weeks of anaerobic incubation. Furthermore, a microbial community analysis indicated that the predominant class was changed from Alphaproteobacteria to Deltaproteobacteria, and clearly increased populations of Geobacter sp., Paludibacter sp., and Methylophaga sp. were found after adding humic acids along with the increased release of iron and arsenic. Our findings provide evidence that humic acids can enhance the microbially mediated release of sedimentary ferrous iron in an arsenic-affected area. It is thus suggested that the control of anthropogenic humic acid use and entry into the environment is important for preventing the subsequent iron contamination in groundwater.
- Published
- 2015
31. Significant association of high-grade inflammation and thick lining epithelium with the increased number of Langerhans cells in dentigerous cysts
- Author
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Hsin-Ming Chen, Yu Hsueh Wu, Chun Han Chang, Andy Sun, Yang Che Wu, and Shih-Jung Cheng
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Langerhans cell ,Adolescent ,Dentigerous Cyst ,Taiwan ,Inflammation ,Cell Count ,Epithelium ,Antigens, CD1 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Moderate inflammation ,Child ,Aged ,lcsh:R5-920 ,business.industry ,Immunosurveillance ,030206 dentistry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Severe inflammation ,Dentigerous cyst ,Lining epithelium ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Child, Preschool ,Langerhans Cells ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business - Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells. This study assessed the LC counts in 80 dentigerous cysts (DCs). Methods: The CD1a-positive LC numbers in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues were counted at 80 DC sites without inflammation, 33 DC sites with mild/moderate inflammation, and 9 DC sites with severe inflammation from 80 DC specimens. Results: The mean LC counts in the lining epithelia and subepithelial connective tissues increased significantly from no inflammation (0.5 ± 0.5 and 0.2 ± 0.3 cell/high-power field or HPF, respectively) through mild/moderate inflammation (6.8 ± 1.8 and 2.4 ± 2.0 cells/HPF, respectively) to severe inflammation DC sites (18.9 ± 7.0 and 6.7 ± 5.8 cells/HPF, respectively; all P-values 50 μm) group (7.4 ± 6.5 and 2.6 ± 3.4 cells/HPF, respectively) than in the thinner lining epithelium (≦ 50 μm) group (0.5 ± 0.5 and 0.2 ± 0.3 cells/HPF, respectively; both P-values
- Published
- 2017
32. Anti-Parkinsonian effects of β-amyrin are regulated via LGG-1 involved autophagy pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Chia-Cheng Wei, Chun-Han Chang, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Transgene ,ATG8 ,Pharmaceutical Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antioxidants ,Animals, Genetically Modified ,Antiparkinson Agents ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Autophagy ,Animals ,Oleanolic Acid ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,Cell damage ,Pharmacology ,Alpha-synuclein ,biology ,Dopaminergic Neurons ,Neurodegeneration ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,Parkinson Disease ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Cell biology ,Disease Models, Animal ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,alpha-Synuclein ,Molecular Medicine ,Microtubule-Associated Proteins ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is associated with aging and is characterized as a movement disorder. Currently, there is still no complete therapy for PD. In recent years, the identification and characterization of medicinal plants to cure or treat PD has gained increasing scientific interest. Purpose In this study, we investigated a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, β-amyrin, which is found in many medicinal plants for its anti-Parkinsonian effects, using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) disease models and their underlying mechanisms. Methods C. elegans treated or untreated with β-amyrin were investigated for oxidative stress resistance, neurodegeneration, and α-synuclein aggregation assays. The C. elegans ortholog of Atg8/LC3, LGG-1 that is involved in the autophagy pathway was also evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR and transgenic strain experiments. Results β-Amyrin exerted excellent antioxidant activity and reduced intracellular oxygen species in C. elegans. Using the transgenic strain BZ555, β-amyrin showed a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons reducing cell damage induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). In addition, β-amyrin significantly reduced the α-synuclein aggregation in the transgenic strain NL5901. Moreover, β-amyrin up-regulated LGG-1 mRNA expression and increased the number of localized LGG-1 puncta in the transgenic strain DA2123. Conclusion The results from this study suggest that the anti-Parkinsonian effects of β-amyrin might be regulated via LGG-1 involved autophagy pathway in C. elegans. Therefore, β-amyrin may be useful for therapeutic applications or supplements to treat or slow the progression of PD.
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- 2017
33. Selenite protectsCaenorhabditis elegansfrom oxidative stress via DAF-16 and TRXR-1
- Author
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Chi-Wei Huang, Chun-Han Chang, Wen-Hsuan Li, Yeu-Ching Shi, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Subjects
Cytoplasm ,Thioredoxin Reductase 1 ,Mutant ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Biology ,Selenious Acid ,medicine.disease_cause ,Green fluorescent protein ,Animals, Genetically Modified ,RNA interference ,Daf-16 ,medicine ,Animals ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,Heat-Shock Proteins ,Cell Nucleus ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Forkhead Transcription Factors ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,Oxidative Stress ,Protein Transport ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Mutation ,Selenoprotein ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidative stress ,Body Temperature Regulation ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Scope Selenium is an essential micronutrient. In the present study, trace amount of selenite (0.01 μM) was evaluated for oxidative stress resistance and potential associated factors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods and results Selenite-treated C. elegans showed an increased survival under oxidative stress and thermal stress compared to untreated controls. Further studies demonstrated that the significant stress resistance of selenite on C. elegans could be attributed to its in vivo free radical-scavenging ability. We also found that the oxidative and thermal stress resistance phenotypes by selenite were absent from the forkhead transcription factor daf-16 mutant worms. Moreover, selenite influenced the subcellular distribution of DAF-16 in C. elegans. Furthermore, selenite increased mRNA levels of stress-resistance-related proteins, including superoxide dismutase-3 and heat shock protein-16.2. Additionally, selenite (0.01 μM) upregulated expressions of transgenic C. elegans carrying sod-3::green fluorescent protein (GFP) and hsp-16.2::GFP, whereas this effect was abolished by feeding daf-16 RNA interference in C. elegans. Finally, unlike the wild-type N2 worms, the oxidative stress resistance phenotypes by selenite were both absent from the C. elegans selenoprotein trxr-1 mutant worms and trxr-1 mutants feeding with daf-16 RNA interference. Conclusion These findings suggest that the antioxidant effects of selenite in C. elegans are mediated via DAF-16 and TRXR-1.
- Published
- 2013
34. N-ϒ-(<scp>l</scp>-Glutamyl)-<scp>l</scp>-Selenomethionine Inhibits Fat Storage via the Stearoyl-CoA Desaturases FAT-6 and FAT-7 and the Selenoprotein TRXR-1 inCaenorhabditis elegans
- Author
-
Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, Harrison Xian Qi Liao, Fu Lan Hsu, Chi-Tang Ho, and Chun Han Chang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Thioredoxin Reductase 1 ,chemistry.chemical_element ,L-Selenomethionine ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animals ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,Selenomethionine ,Triglycerides ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,biology ,Fatty Acids ,Fatty acid ,Lipid metabolism ,Stearoyl-CoA ,Lipid Metabolism ,biology.organism_classification ,Diet ,Oleic acid ,Glucose ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Mutation ,Selenoprotein ,Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase ,Selenium ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Scope Selenium is an important nutrient for human health. The influence of dietary selenium on lipid metabolism remains largely unknown. N-γ-(l-glutamyl)-l-selenomethionine (Glu-SeMet) on inhibition of fat accumulation and its underlying mechanisms in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are investigated. Methods and results Triacylglyceride quantification and post-fixed Nile red staining methods are conducted to evaluate fat accumulation in wild-type N2 worms in normal or high-glucose diet. Glu-SeMet (0.01 µm) treatment effectively reduces fat storage in wild-type N2 C. elegans in both a normal and high-glucose diet. Further evidence shows that Glu-SeMet (0.01 µm) decreases the ratio of oleic acid/stearic acid (C18:1Δ9/C18:0) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The mRNA levels of fatty acid stearoyl-CoA desaturases, FAT-6 and FAT-7, and the mediator-15 (MDT-15) are downregulated while the wild-type N2 worms are co-treated with high glucose and Glu-SeMet (0.01 µm). The effect of reduced fat accumulation is absent in fat-6, fat-7, and trxr-1 mutant worms under high glucose and Glu-SeMet (0.01 µm) co-treatment. Conclusions This study demonstrates that Glu-SeMet inhibiting fat accumulation may be associated with FAT-6 and FAT-7 and the selenoprotein TRXR-1 in C. elegans. This study implies a potential for Glu-SeMet as a new treatment for obesity or its complications.
- Published
- 2018
35. N-γ-(L-Glutamyl)-L-selenomethionine enhances stress resistance and ameliorates aging indicators via the selenoprotein TRXR-1 inCaenorhabditis elegans
- Author
-
Chun Han Chang, Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao, and Chi-Tang Ho
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Glutamine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Lipofuscin ,L-Selenomethionine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Stress, Physiological ,Animals ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,Selenomethionine ,Selenoproteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Ecology ,Null mutant ,Stress resistance ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Larva ,Mutation ,Selenoprotein ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Selenium ,Food Science ,Biotechnology ,Lipofuscin accumulation - Abstract
cope : Selenium is an essential trace nutrient for human health. This study investigates the organic form of selenium, N-γ-(L-Glutamyl)-L-selenomethionine (Glu-SeMet), for its effects on aging indicators and stress resistance. The role of the selenoprotein TRXR-1 was also evaluated in Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods and results : Glu-SeMet-treated wild-type N2 worms showed increased survival upon oxidative and thermal stress challenges. However, Glu-SeMet treatment did not extend the lifespan of wild-type N2 C. elegans under normal conditions (p = 0.128 for 0.01 μM and p = 0.799 for 10 μM Glu-SeMet). Under stress conditions, Glu-SeMet significantly increased the survival of wild-type N2 C. elegans, but the phenomenon was absent from trxr-1 null mutant worms. Furthermore, Glu-SeMet treatments significantly ameliorated aging indicators, including body bends, pumping rate, defecation duration, and lipofuscin accumulation in wild-type N2 nematodes. Nevertheless, the ameliorative effects by Glu-SeMet were absent in the trxr-1 null mutant worms. Conclusion : The findings indicate that enhanced stress resistance and improved aging indicators by Glu-SeMet in C. elegans are mediated by the selenoprotein TRXR-1. Glu-SeMet has potential for improving health and also provides new insights into selenium's regulatory mechanisms in intact organisms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
- Published
- 2017
36. Selenite Enhances Immune Response against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 via SKN-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Chun-Han Chang, Chia-Cheng Wei, Wen-Hsuan Li, Chi-Wei Huang, and Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Subjects
Proteases ,Virulence Factors ,Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase ,Immunology ,lcsh:Medicine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Selenious Acid ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Animals, Genetically Modified ,Immune system ,Immunotoxicology ,medicine ,Animals ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ,lcsh:Science ,Immune Response ,Nutrition ,Glutathione Transferase ,Multidisciplinary ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,lcsh:R ,Pseudomonas ,Biofilm ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Quorum Sensing ,Infectious Disease Immunology ,Nutrients ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Quorum sensing ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Biofilms ,Clinical Immunology ,lcsh:Q ,Selenium ,Research Article ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Background Selenium (Se) is an important nutrient that carries out many biological processes including maintaining optimal immune function. Here, inorganic selenite (Se(IV)) was evaluated for its pathogen resistance and potential-associated factors in Caenorhabditis elegans. The immune effects of Se(IV) were investigated by examining the responses of C. elegans to Pseudomonas aerugonisa PA14 strain. Principal Findings Se(IV)-treated C. elegans showed increased survival under PA14 infection compared with untreated controls. The significant pathogen resistance of Se(IV) on C. elegans might not be attributed to the effects of Se(IV) on PA14 as Se(IV) showed no effect on bacterial quorum-sensing and virulence factors of PA14. This study showed that Se(IV) enhanced the expression of a gene pivotal for the innate immunity in C. elegans. The study found that the pathogen-resistant phenotypes contributed by Se(IV) was absent from the skn-1 mutant worms. Moreover, Se(IV) influenced the subcellular distribution of SKN-1/Nrf in C. elegans upon PA14 infection. Furthermore, Se(IV) increased mRNA levels of SKN-1 target genes (gst-4 and gcs-1). Conclusions This study found evidence of Se(IV) protecting C. elegans against P. aeruginosa PA14 infection by exerting effects on the innate immunity of C. elegans that is likely mediated via regulation of a SKN-1-dependent signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2014
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